Profit And Loss - Study Mode

[#241] Find the selling price of an article if a shopkeeper allows two successive discounts of 5% each on the marked price of Rs. 80.
Correct Answer

(D) Rs. 72.20

Explanation

Solution: S.P. = 95% of 95% of Rs. 80 $$eqalign{
& = { ext{Rs}}.left( {frac{{95}}{{100}} imes frac{{95}}{{100}} imes 80}
ight) cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.72.20 cr} $$

[#242] A trader bought two horses for Rs. 19500, he sold one at a loss 20% and the other at a profit of 15%. If the selling price of each horse is the same, then their cost prices are respectively ?
Correct Answer

(B) Rs. 11500 and Rs. 8000

Explanation

Solution: Let the CP of horse = Rs. x Then, CP of second horse = Rs. (19500 - x) According to the question, $$eqalign{
& x imes frac{{80}}{{100}} = left( {19500 - x}
ight) imes frac{{115}}{{100}} cr
& Rightarrow 16x = 23left( {19500 - x}
ight) cr
& Rightarrow 16x = 448500 - 23x cr
& Rightarrow 39x = 448500 cr
& Rightarrow x = frac{{448500}}{{39}} cr
& Rightarrow x = { ext{Rs}}{ ext{.}},11500 cr} $$ ∴ CP of first horse = Rs. 11500 ∴ CP of second horse = Rs. 19500 - 11500 = Rs. 8000

[#243] A man sells two articles at Rs. 99 each. He gains 10% on one and loses 10% on the other. Then on overall basis he -
Correct Answer

(C) Loses Rs. 2

Explanation

Solution: $$eqalign{
& { ext{Total Selling Price}} cr
& = { ext{Rs}}{ ext{.}}left( {2 imes 99}
ight) cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.198 cr
& { ext{C}}{ ext{.P}}{ ext{. of first article}} cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.left( {frac{{100}}{{110}} imes 99}
ight) cr
& = { ext{Rs}}{ ext{. }}90 cr
& { ext{C}}{ ext{.P}}{ ext{. of second article}} cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.left( {frac{{100}}{{90}} imes 99}
ight) cr
& = { ext{Rs}}{ ext{. }}110 cr
& { ext{Total C}}{ ext{.P}}{ ext{.}} cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.left( {90 + 110}
ight) cr
& = { ext{Rs}}{ ext{. }}200 cr
& herefore { ext{Loss}} = { ext{Rs}}.left( {200 - 198}
ight) cr
& ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, = { ext{Rs}}{ ext{. }}2 cr} $$

[#244] A man sold two steel chairs for Rs. 500 each. On one, he gains 20% and on the other, he loses 12%. How much does he gain or lose in the whole transaction ?
Correct Answer

(A) 1.5% gain

Explanation

Solution: $$eqalign{
& { ext{Total Selling Price}} cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.left( {2 imes 500}
ight) cr
& = { ext{Rs}}{ ext{. }}1000 cr
& { ext{C}}{ ext{.P}}{ ext{. of first chair}} cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.left( {frac{{100}}{{120}} imes 500}
ight) cr
& = { ext{Rs}}{ ext{.}}frac{{1250}}{3} cr
& { ext{C}}{ ext{.P}}{ ext{. of Second chair}} cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.left( {frac{{100}}{{88}} imes 500}
ight) cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.frac{{6250}}{{11}} cr
& { ext{Total C}}{ ext{.P}}{ ext{.}} cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.left( {frac{{1250}}{3} + frac{{6250}}{{11}}}
ight) cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.left( {frac{{32500}}{{33}}}
ight) cr
& { ext{Gain}} = { ext{Rs}}.left( {1000 - frac{{32500}}{{33}}}
ight) cr
& ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, = { ext{Rs}}.left( {frac{{500}}{{33}}}
ight) cr
& herefore { ext{Gain }}\% cr
& = left( {frac{{500}}{{33}} imes frac{{33}}{{32500}} imes 100}
ight)\% cr
& = 1.54\% approx 1.5\% cr} $$

[#245] Ranjan purchased 120 tables at a price of Rs. 110 per table. He sold 30 tables at a profit of Rs. 12 per table and 75 tables at a profit of Rs. 14 per table. The remaining tables were sold at a loss of Rs. 7 per table. What is the average profit per table ?
Correct Answer

(B) Rs. 10.875

Explanation

Solution: Total C.P. = Rs. (120 × 110) = Rs. 13200 Total S.P. = Rs. [(30 × 110 + 30 × 12) + (75 × 110 + 75 × 14) + (15 × 110 - 15 × 7)] = Rs. 14505 $$eqalign{
& { ext{Average profit }} cr
& { ext{ = Rs}}{ ext{.}}left( {frac{{14505 - 13200}}{{120}}}
ight) cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.frac{{1305}}{{120}} cr
& = { ext{Rs}}.10.875 cr} $$