Business Management - Study Mode
[#241] The extent to which power and authority are retained at the top is called as
Correct Answer
(A) centralization
Explanation
Solution: The extent to which power and authority are retained at the top is called as centralization. Centralisation or centralization is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those regarding planning and decision-making, framing strategy and policies become concentrated within a particular geographical location group.
[#242] Responsibility lies in the hands of people in the upper echelons of the hierarchy is called
Correct Answer
(D) Exploitative
Explanation
Solution: Responsibility lies in the hands of people in the upper echelons of the hierarchy is called Exploitative. An exploitative-authoritative management system means that responsibility lies with people in higher positions in the hierarchy.
[#243] According to Fayol the terms 'Management' and 'Administration' are
Correct Answer
(A) same
[#244] Hawthorne experiments were carried out in
Correct Answer
(A) the USA
Explanation
Solution: The Hawthorne experiments were a series of studies conducted at the Hawthorne Works of the Western Electric Company in Cicero, Illinois, USA, during the late 1920s and early 1930s. These experiments were aimed at understanding the impact of various working conditions on employee productivity and behavior. The studies revealed the importance of social factors and employee attitudes in the workplace, leading to the development of the Human Relations Movement in management. The findings emphasized the significance of employee motivation and group dynamics in achieving organizational efficiency.
[#245] Which of these were not an integral part of scientific management?
Correct Answer
(B) Worker control of production