Profit And Loss - Study Mode

[#426] A merchant has announced 25% rebate on prices of ready-made garments at the time of sale. If a purchaser needs to have a rebate of Rs. 400, then how many shirts, each costing Rs. 320, should he purchase?
Correct Answer

(D) 5

Explanation

Solution: Discount on one shirt,
= 25% of 320 = $$frac{{320 imes 25}}{{100}}$$xa0 = Rs. 80 Hence, number of shirt he must buy to get a rebate of Rs. 400 = $$frac{{400}}{{80}}$$ = 5

[#427] A reduction of 10% in the price of tea enables a dealer to purchase 25 kg more tea for Rs. 22500. What is the reduced price per kg of tea?
Correct Answer

(C) Rs. 90

Explanation

Solution: $$eqalign{
& {1^{st}},{ ext{Method}}: cr
& { ext{Let}},{ ext{the}},{ ext{original}},{ ext{prine}},{ ext{of}},{ ext{tea}},{ ext{be}},{ ext{Rs}}.,x, ext{kg} cr
& { ext{After reduction the price becomes}} cr
& = x - 10\% , ext{of},x = frac{{9x}}{{10}}, ext{per kg} cr
& { ext{Now}}, cr
& {frac{{22500}}{{ {frac{{9x}}{{10}}} }}} - frac{{22500}}{x} = 25 cr
& { ext{or}},,22500left[ {frac{{10}}{{9x}} - frac{1}{x}}
ight] = 25 cr
& { ext{or}},,25 imes 9x = 22500 cr
& { ext{or}},,x = {frac{{22500}}{{25 imes9}}} = ext{Rs.},100 cr
& { ext{Hence,}},{ ext{new}},{ ext{price}} cr
& = 90,{ ext{per}},{ ext{kg}}{ ext{}} cr }$$ $$eqalign{
& { ext{Thought}},{ ext{process}},{ ext{method:}} cr
& { ext{Let the original price be Rs}}{ ext{. 100 per kg}}, cr
& { ext{He get tea}} = frac{{22500}}{{100}} cr
& = 225, ext{kg} cr
& { ext{After reduction the price becomes}} cr
& = { ext{ }}90{ ext{ per kg}} cr
& { ext{He}},{ ext{get}},{ ext{tea}} = frac{{22500}}{{90}} cr
& = 250, ext{kg} cr
& { ext{So, reduction price is }}{ ext{ Rs. }}90{ ext{ per kg}} cr
& { ext{As it enables him to buy 25 kg of more tea}}{ ext{.}} cr} $$

[#428] A sells an article to B at gain of 25% B sells it to C at a gain of 20% and C sells it to D at a gain 10%. If D pays Rs. 330 for it, how much did it cost to A?
Correct Answer

(A) Rs. 200

Explanation

Solution: First Method Let Cost Price for A was 100 Then CP for B = 100 + 25% of 100 = 125 CP for C = 125 + 20% of 125 = 150 CP for D = 150 + 10% of 150 = 165 But, D pay Rs. 330, Then it must be equal to 165 = 330 1 = $$frac{{330}}{{165}}$$ 100 = $$frac{{330 imes 100}}{{165}} = 200$$ Thus, CP for A = Rs. 200 Short-cut A's CP = $$330 imes frac{{100}}{{125}} imes frac{{100}}{{120}} imes frac{{100}}{{110}}$$ xa0 xa0 = Rs. 200

[#429] I sold two watches for Rs. 300 each, one at loss of 20% and other at the profit of 20%. What is the percentage of loss (-) or profit (+) that resulted from the transaction?
Correct Answer

(D) (-)4

Explanation

Solution: In such cases, always loss occurs. It can be calculated by this formula, $$ = frac{{{{left( {{ ext{loss or gain percentage}}}
ight)}^2}}}{{100}} = 4$$ That is 4% of loss Graphic Change method 100 == 20%(loss) ⇒ 120 == 20%(gain) ⇒ 96
% Loss = 4%

[#430] A shopkeeper wishes to give 5% commission on the marked price of an article but also wants to earn a profit of 10%. If his cost price is Rs. 95, then marked price is:
Correct Answer

(B) Rs.110

Explanation

Solution: CP = Rs. 95. Then SP = 95 + 10% of 95 = Rs. 104.5 Let MP = X. He gives 5% commission on MP. So, SP = X - 5% of X SP = 0.95X 104.5 = 0.95X X = $$frac{{104.5}}{{0.95}} = 100$$ Thus, MP = Rs. 110 Short-cut 95 == 10%(gain) ⇒ 104.5 == 5%(Commission) ⇒ 109.72 (= 110)