Lithosphere - Study Mode

[#111] Which of the following features are product of volcanicity? I. Atoll II. Caldera III. Batholith IV. Geosyncline
Correct Answer

(C) II and III

Explanation

Solution: Caldera and Batholith are product of volcanicity. A caldera is a large depression formed when a volcano erupts and collapses. A batholith is a giant mass of intrusive igneous rock that forms when magma collects and cools deep in the earth's crust without being exposed to the surface.

[#112] The instrument, used for recording earthquake waves is ________
Correct Answer

(D) Seismograph

Explanation

Solution: The instrument, used for recording earthquake waves is Seismograph. A seismograph, or seismometer, is an instrument used to detect and record seismic waves. Seismic waves are propagating vibrations that carry energy from the source of an earthquake outward in all directions.

[#113] Rocks which are formed by the solidification of lava on the earth's surface are ________
Correct Answer

(D) Basalts

Explanation

Solution: Rocks which are formed by the solidification of lava on the earth's surface are Basalts. Basalt is a dark-colored, fine-grained, igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase and pyroxene minerals. It most commonly forms as an extrusive rock, such as a lava flow, but can also form in small intrusive bodies, such as an igneous dike or a thin sill.

[#114] The largest volcano crater in the world is ________
Correct Answer

(B) Toba (Indonesia)

Explanation

Solution: The largest volcano crater in the world is Toba (Indonesia). Caldera lakes in contrast can be quite large and long-lasting. For instance, Lake Toba (Indonesia) formed after its eruption around 75,000 years ago. At a size of around 100 km (60 miles) by 30 km (18 miles) in extent and 505 m (1,656 ft) deep at its deepest point, Lake Toba is the largest crater lake in the world.

[#115] The youngest mountain range in the world is ________
Correct Answer

(B) Himalayas

Explanation

Solution: The Himalayas is the highest and one of the youngest mountain ranges in the world. Its origin can be traced in the Jurassic Era, which is about 80 million years ago. That time the world's landmasses were divided into Laurasia and Gondwanaland. Laurasia was in the Northern hemisphere, and Gondwanaland in the southern hemisphere.