Genetics And Plant Breeding - Study Mode

[#196] The cotyledons in gymnosperms are called
Correct Answer

(A) Mega-gametophyte

Explanation

Solution: The cotyledons in gymnosperms are called Mega-gametophyte. In gymnosperms, the megagametophyte accumulates nutrients before fertilization and nourishes the developing embryo after fertilization. The female gametophyte develops from the megaspores of heterosporous plants. Among heterosporous species of lycophyte plants, for example, the sporophyte plant produces megaspores stocked with food. These spores grow into megagametophytes that produce eggs.

[#197] Translation means transfer of Genetic information from
Correct Answer

(C) mRNA to amino acid sequence

Explanation

Solution: Translation means the transfer of Genetic information from m RNA to the amino acid sequence. The process by which a cell makes proteins using the genetic information carried in messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA is made by copying DNA, and the information it carries tells the cell how to link amino acids together to form proteins.

[#198] The process in which chromosomes exchange materials through the breakage and reunion of their DNA molecule is known as
Correct Answer

(B) Crossing over

Explanation

Solution: The process in which chromosomes exchange materials through the breakage and reunion of their DNA molecule is known as Crossing over. Crossing over is a cellular process that happens during meiosis when chromosomes of the same type are lined up. When two chromosomes one from the mother and one from the father line up, parts of the chromosome can be switched. The two chromosomes contain the same genes but may have different forms of the genes.

[#199] Polytene chromosomes are formed due to
Correct Answer

(C) Endoreduplication

Explanation

Solution: Polytene chromosomes are formed due to Endoreduplication. Polytene chromosomes are large chromosomes that have thousands of DNA strands. They provide a high level of function in certain tissues such as the salivary glands of insects. Endoreduplication is the process by which a cell undergoes multiple S-phases without intervening in mitosis and its accompanying cytokinesis. This lead to the formation of Polytene chromosomes.

[#200] Self incompatibility arises due to
Correct Answer

(C) Pollen does not germinate on ovulre

Explanation

Solution: Self-incompatibility arises due to Pollen does not germinate on the ovule. It is a widespread mechanism in flowering plants that prevents inbreeding and promotes outcrossing. The self-incompatibility response is genetically controlled by one or more multi-allelic loci and relies on a series of complex cellular interactions between the self-incompatible pollen and pistil.