Genetics And Plant Breeding - Study Mode

[#741] The term genotype and phenotype were coined by
Correct Answer

(A) Johansen

Explanation

Solution: The term genotype and phenotype were coined by physiologist Wilhelm Johannsen in 1911. The genotype-phenotype distinction is drawn in genetics. "Genotype" is an organism's full hereditary information. "Phenotype" is an organism's actual observed properties, such as morphology, development, or behavior. This distinction is fundamental in the study of the inheritance of traits and their evolution.

[#742] Which of the following is essential as electron carrier?
Correct Answer

(D) Iron

Explanation

Solution: Iron is one among the following given options that are essential as an electron carrier. Iron act as an electron carrier in the cytochromes. Iron is an essential nutrient for all living organisms as a cofactor of many enzymes and plays important roles in electron transport system (ETS) enzymes which have heme and iron-sulfur centers.

[#743] Inheritance of skin colour in man is
Correct Answer

(C) Trigenic

Explanation

Solution: Inheritance of skin colour in man is Trigenic. Human skin color ranges from the darkest brown to the lightest hues. The genetic mechanism behind human skin color is mainly regulated by the enzyme tyrosinase, which creates the color of the skin, eyes, and hair shades. Skin colour inheritance in man is controlled by multiple genes and hence it is an example of polygenic inheritance.

[#744] A condition in which F 1 plants of an interspecific cross are vigorous and fertile but their F 2 progeny is weak and sterile is called
Correct Answer

(C) Hybrid breakdown

Explanation

Solution: A condition in which F 1 plants of an interspecific cross are vigorous and fertile but their F 2 progeny is weak and sterile is called Hybrid breakdown. The hybrid breakdown is a type of reproductive failure that appears after the F 2 generation of crosses between different species or subspecies. It is caused by incompatibility between interacting genes.

[#745] In which part of the cell, does protein synthesis take place?
Correct Answer

(D) Nucleus

Explanation

Solution: The nucleus is the part of the cell in which protein synthesis takes place. Protein biosynthesis is a core biological process, occurring inside cells, balancing the loss of cellular proteins through the production of new proteins. Protein synthesis can be divided broadly into two phases - transcription and translation. The nucleus is the site where DNA is replicated, and DNA is transcribed to make messenger RNA (mRNA) signals to start the process of translation or protein synthesis which occurs in ribosomes in the cell cytoplasm.