Constitution Of India - Study Mode

[#1231] Right to education' was inserted in the Part III of the Constitution by:
Correct Answer

(C) 86 th Amendment Act, 2002

[#1232] Provisions under 9 th schedule
Correct Answer

(A) Can be challenged in a court of law

Explanation

Solution: The 9 th Schedule of the Indian Constitution was introduced by the First Amendment in 1951 to protect land reform and other laws from being challenged in courts on the grounds of violation of Fundamental Rights. Initially, the laws placed under the 9 th Schedule were immune from judicial review, meaning they could not be challenged even if they violated Fundamental Rights. However, in the landmark judgement of I.R. Coelho v. State of Tamil Nadu (2007) , the Supreme Court ruled that laws placed under the 9 th Schedule after April 24, 1973 (the date of the Kesavananda Bharati case) are open to judicial review if they violate the basic structure of the Constitution. This means that any law included in the 9 th Schedule after this cutoff date can be challenged in court if it damages the basic structure or infringes upon Fundamental Rights. Therefore, the correct answer is Option A: Can be challenged in a court of law .

[#1233] Untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden under
Correct Answer

(C) Article 17 of the Constitution

[#1234] Who in respect of every financial year cause to be laid before both the Houses of Parliament, a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the Government of India for the year, which is known as "annual financial statement"?
Correct Answer

(C) Finance Minister

Explanation

Solution: The correct answer is C: Finance Minister . Let's break down why: The question asks who presents the "annual financial statement" (also known as the budget) to Parliament. * The President (Option A): The President is the head of state, but doesn't directly handle financial matters like the budget presentation. The president role is more ceremonial and supervisory. * The Prime Minister (Option B): The Prime Minister is the head of the government but, while influential, the direct responsibility of presenting the budget lies with the Finance Minister. The Prime Minister oversees the general functioning. * The Finance Minister (Option C): The Finance Minister is specifically responsible for managing the country's finances. This includes preparing and presenting the annual budget (the "annual financial statement") to Parliament. * The Speaker of the House (Option D): The Speaker presides over the proceedings of the Lok Sabha (the Lower House of Parliament) and maintains order. They do not present the budget. Therefore, the Finance Minister is the one who lays the annual financial statement before both Houses of Parliament.

[#1235] Right under Article 19 are:
Correct Answer

(B) Available only to citizens of India

Explanation

Solution: Article 19 of the Constitution of India: Article 19 guarantees certain fundamental rights related to freedom of speech and expression, movement, assembly, association, profession, and residence. These rights are essential for a democratic society and ensure that citizens can express themselves freely within reasonable restrictions imposed by the state. Correct Answer: Option B - Available only to citizens of India Reason: The fundamental rights under Article 19 are explicitly granted only to citizens of India. These rights include: >> Freedom of speech and expression >> Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms >> Freedom to form associations or unions >> Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India >> Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India >> Freedom to practice any profession, occupation, trade, or business Why Other Options Are Incorrect: Option A: Available to all persons in India - Incorrect because Article 19 is specifically limited to Indian citizens and does not extend to foreigners or non-citizens. Option C: Available to persons of foreign origin - Incorrect because foreigners in India do not enjoy Article 19 rights, though they may have other fundamental rights like those under Article 21 (Right to Life and Personal Liberty). Option D: Both B and C above - Incorrect because Article 19 does not apply to persons of foreign origin, making this option incorrect. Conclusion: Only Indian citizens are entitled to the fundamental freedoms guaranteed under Article 19, making Option B the correct answer.