Computer Fundamental Miscellaneous - Study Mode

[#711] A menu-driven operating system is one which allows you to pick up from the menu of choices it displays on the screen. What is the name given to the images which are used in such image oriented menus?
Correct Answer

(A) Icon

Explanation

Solution: A menu-driven operating system is one which allows you to pick up from the menu of choices it displays on the screen. If you describe something or someone as an icon, you mean that they are important as a symbol of something. She has been described as 'an icon of style'.

[#712] What is the name of the earliest calculating machine which was based on concepts found in modern computers but was unfortunately never built?
Correct Answer

(A) Babbage's Difference Engine

Explanation

Solution: Difference Engine, an early calculating machine, verging on being the first computer, designed and partially built during the 1820s and '30s by Charles Babbage. Charles Babbage began to construct a small difference engine in c. 1819 and had completed it by 1822 (Difference Engine 0).

[#713] The first machine to successfully perform a long series of arithmetic and logical operations was:
Correct Answer

(B) Mark I

Explanation

Solution: The IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator, called Mark I by Harvard University’s staff, was a general purpose electromechanical computer that was used in the war effort during the last part of World War II. One of the first programs to run on the Mark I was initiated on 29 March 1944 by John von Neumann. Source : wikipedia.org

[#714] Which is used for manufacturing chips?
Correct Answer

(C) Semiconductors

Explanation

Solution: A semiconductor is used to fabricate computer chips. Dozens or even hundreds of chips are produced at once on a silicon wafer like the one above.

[#715] The 0 and 1 in the binary numbering system are called binary digits or _____
Correct Answer

(D) bits

Explanation

Solution: The 0 and 1 in the binary numbering system are called binary digits or Bits. A bit is the smallest unit of data in a computer. A bit has a single binary value, either 0 or 1.