Measurement And Instrumentation

A dc potentiometer is designed to measure up to about 2 V with a slide wire of 800 mm. A standard cell of emf 1.18 V obtains balance at 600 mm. A test cell is seen to obtain balance at 680 mm. The emf of the test cell is

Which one of the following is the best definition of accuracy?

A coil is tuned to resonance at 500 kHz with a resonating capacitor of 36 pF. At 250 kHz, the resonance is obtained with resonating capacitor of 160 pF. What is the self-capacitance of the coil?

A resistance strain gauge is cemented to a steel member, which is subjected to a strain of 2 × 10 -6 . If the original resistance is 100 Ω and change in resistance is 600 µΩ, the gauge factor will be

The moving coil in a dynamometer wattmeter is connected

The expected value of voltage across a resistor is 80 V. however, the measurement gives a value of 79 V. Then % error and relative accuracy are-

T = Ki is the torque equation of a

Resolution of an instrument is

The arrangement shown in the given figure represents an RC potentiometer for measuring ac voltage. What should be the value of C so that V 0 /V in is independent of the frequency of the input signal?

For the given Lissajous figure Find f y , if f x is 1200 Hz

In a distortion factor meter, the filter at the front end is used to suppress

A tachometer encoder can be used for measurement of speed:

Hooke's law is written as

A rotameter works on the principle of variable:

A pulse waveform with a 3.3 kΩ source resistance is to be displayed on an oscilloscope with an input capacitance of 15 pF. The rise time of the pulse shown on the scope is measured as

Which errors arise due to the hysteresis of the equipment or due to friction

What are the salient features of thermistors? 1. They are compact, rugged and inexpensive 2. They have good stability when properly aged 3. The response time of thermistors can vary from a fraction of a second to minutes, depending on the size of the detecting mass and thermal capacity of the thermistor

Which instrument has the highest frequency range with accuracy within reasonable limits?

While transporting a sensitive galvanometer

What is the dynamic range of a spectrum analyzer with a third order interrupt point of +25 dBm, and a noise level of (-)85 dBm.

One single phase wattmeter operating on 230V and 5A for 5 hours makes 1940 revolutions. Meter constant in revolutions is 400. What is the power factor of the land?

The spring material used in a spring control device should have the following property.

Why is a MISC meter not recommended for DC measurement?

A moving iron ammeter may be compensated for frequency errors by

Which of the following meters has a linear scale?

For handling greater currents induction watt-meters are used in conjunction with

When using ohmmeter, applied voltage is to be disconnected from the circuit because

A 10MHz CRO has

A CRO can display

A galvanometer has

A voltmeter having a sensitivity of 1000 Ω/V reads 100 V on its 150 V scale when connected across at resistor of unidentified specifications in series with a milliammeter. When the milliammeter reads 5 mA, the error due to the loading effect of the voltmeter will be nearly

A digital displacement indicator based on a linear voltage differential transformer (LVDT) transducer and A/D conversion used a LVDT with a sensitivity of 1 mV/mm. If the smallest displacement to be measured is 0.1 mm and the maximum displacement of the LVDT core is 10 cm, then the digital display required for the instrument has to be

The study of energy distribution across the frequency spectrum of a given electrical signal is done by a

The function of the dummy strain gauge, in measurement using two strain gauge, is to

Harmonic distortion analyzer

The value of n for the n-bit A/D converter required to convert an analog input in the range of 0 to 5 volts to an accuracy of 10 mV is:

For the recording of very fast random signals, the most suitable instrument would be

The sensitivity of a potentiometer can be increased by

Consider the following types of digital voltmeters: 1. Ramp type 2. Dual slope integrating type 3. Integrating type using voltage to frequency conversion 4. Successive approximation type 5. Servo balanced potentiometer type Which of these require a fixed reference voltage at the comparator stage?

Q factor of Quartz . . . . . . . .

Creeping error in energy meter is due to . . . . . . . . voltage.

Consider the following regarding essential functional operations of a digital data acquisition system: 1. Handling of analog signals 2. Converting the data to digital form and handling it 3. Making the measurement 4. Internal programming and telemetry Which of the above are valid in the stated context?

A Pneumatic amplifier

Consider the following devices: 1. Anemometer 2. Stroboscope 3. Accelerometer The correct sequence of these devices to measure the rotational speed, vibration and airflow, respectively is,

In the given circuit, C 0 is the distributed capacitance of the coil and C is the tuning capacitor. If C = C 1 for the fundamental frequency and C = C 2 for the second harmonic, then the value of C 0 can be expressed a

Telephone traffic is measured

Two sinusoidal signals of the same frequency are displayed on a dual-trace oscilloscope. One complete cycle of each signal covers 6 cm of the horizontal scale and the starting point be the horizontal scale and the starting point of the two signals are separated by 0.5 cm. The phase difference between the two signals in degrees is

In permanent magnet moving coil instruments, damping torque is provided by

In an electromagnetic blood flow meter, the induced EMF is directly proportional to:

Digital multimeter display is generally . . . . . . . . digits.

Which of the following instruments will be used to measure the temperature above 1600°C

Which one of the following is composed of two characteristics: conformity and the number of significant figures to which a measurement may be made?

In a Q-meter, the value of shunt resistance connected across the oscillator is typically of the order of

Torque/weight ratio of an instrument indicates

A disc mounted on the shaft of a machine has 12 pattern points. The number of flashes projected on the disc by a stroboscope is 6000 in a minute. When the disc appears stationary and it has single image of 12 points, the speed of the machine will be

The number of turns of wire needed to provide a potentiometer with a resolution of 0.05% is:

A peak-responding ac voltmeter employing a half-wave precision rectifier has been calibrated to give a reading of 1 V for 1 V rms sinusoidal input. For 1 V dc input, the meter reading will be

The energy meter installed near the main switch in a residence and other locations is

In a piezoelectric crystal oscillator, if x represent the mass of the crystal, then the oscillation or tuning frequency is linearly proportional to

A wattmeter will read zero under the following condition

A 500 mA voltmeter is specified to be accurate with ±2%. Then, what is the limiting error when instrument is used to measure 300 mA?

With the signal generator frequency of a Q meter set to 1.25 MHz, the Q of a coil is measured as 98 when Capacitance C = 147 pF. Then the coil inductance and resistance would be

Which one of the following meters has maximum loading effect on the circuit under measurement?

Which is not an active transducer

The current flowing through the resistor R is as indicated in the given figure. The computed value of power is

A special voltmeter can be devised which can measure the amplitude of a signal at two points in a circuit and simultaneously measure the phase difference between the voltage waveforms at these two points. Such a meter would be a

A heater element is made of nichrome wire having resistivity equal to 100 × 10 -8 Ωm and diameter of 0.4 mm. The length of the wire required to get a resistance of 40 Ω will be nearly

The primary current in a current transformer is dedicated by

The power factor meter has

Which one of the following is the correct statement? Active probe used in a CRO

A wire strain gauge element subjected to a strain has a gauge factor of 2, a resistance of 125 ohms and is of 1 m length. For a change in length of the wire by 0.005 m, the change in the resistance will be

The following could be the one of the errors in an energy meter

The most useful transducer for displacement sensing with excellent sensitivity, linearity and resolution is

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an ideal transducer?

Low pressure is measured using:

A 300 V, 5 A, 0.2 pf low power factor wattmeter is used to measure the power consumed by a load. The wattmeter scale has 150 divisions and the pointer is on the 100 th division. The power consumed by the load (in watts) is:

The principle of working of a D' Arsonval Galvanometer is based upon

The standard for long distance analog signal transmission in process control industry is

Some of the functional building blocks of a measurement system are: Primary Sensing element (PSE) Variable conversion Element (VCE) or Transducer Data Transmission element (DTE) Variable manipulation Element (VME) Data Presentation Element (DPE) The correct sequential connection of a the functional building blocks for an electronic pressure gauge will be:

Consider the following statements regarding sources of error in a Q-meter: 1. If a coil with resistance R is connected in direct measurement mode and if the residual resistance of Q-meter is 0.1 R, then the measured Q of the coil would be 1.1 times the actual Q. 2. If the inductance to be measured is less than 0.1 mH, the error due to presence of residual inductance cannot be neglected. 3. The presence of distributed capacitance in a coil modifies the effective Q of the coil. Which of the above statements are correct?

The resistance of two coils of a watt-meter are 0.0 Ω and 100 Ω respectively and both are non-inductive. The current through a resistance load is 20 A and the voltage across it is 30 V. In one of the two ways of connecting the voltage coil, the error in the reading would be

The use of thermocouple meters for ac measurement leads to a meter scale which is

Which one of the following statements is not correct in connection with electrodynamic instruments?

Which of the following equipment can check the condition of a transistor?

The scale used for moving coil meter is

The error in measurement of a DC voltmeter with input signal: 1.5 V, voltage range: 2 V, accuracy: ± (25 ppm of reading + 5 ppm of range) is

In wire-wound strain gauges, the change in resistance on application of strain is mainly due to

Absolute encoders are normally used for:

In a Q meter, distributed capacitance of coil is measured by changing the capacitance of the tuning capacitor. The values of tuning capacitor are C 1 and C 2 for resonant frequency f 1 and 2f 1 respectively. The value of distributed capacitance is:

Three phase four wire energy meter is used to measure:

Electrical voltage-based telemetering schemes used for short distances must necessarily have

With . . . . . . . . testing is possible to see even smallest distortions clearly on CRO.

A voltmeter having symmetrical square wave shape is applied to an average reading voltmeter with scale calibrated in terms of RMS value of a sinusoidal wave has an error of:

In a Q meter, an inductor turns to 2 MHz with 450 pF and to 4 MHz with 90 pF. The value of self-distributed capacitance is:

In an LVDT, there are two secondary coils which are connected for a signal output. Which one of the following is correct?

For measuring DC value of current which meter is preferable . . . . . . . .

If a dynamometer type wattmeter is connected in an ac circuit the power indicated by the wattmeter will be

If power is measured using two-wattmeter method with unity power factor, then:

A resistance strain gauge has a resistance of

An accelerometer has a seismic mass of 0.05 kg and a spring constant of 3 × 10 3 N/m. The maximum permissible displacement of the mass is ±1 mm. The maximum measurable acceleration is

When the pointer of an indicating instrument comes to rest in the final deflected position

The resolution of potentiometer must be:

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the options given below the lists: List-I (Instruments) List-II (Measurement in which the instrument is used) a. Lock-in amplifier 1. Patient monitoring b. Sampling oscilloscope 2. Overcoming ground loop problem c. Isolation amplifier 3. Phase difference between two signals d. Strip-chart recorder 4. Signal recovery form noise 5. Observing very high frequency signals

Hall-effect pickup is used for the measurement of

Consider the following statements regarding the use of electrodynamometer type indicating instruments: It is used for measuring 1. direct current 2. alternating current 3. direct voltage 4. alternating voltage Of these statements

The value of Q in terms of conductance G and susceptance B of the circuit is define as:

Hydraulic load cells are available which have a maximum capacity of

In which of the following ways can zero drift be reduced in the pH meter?

The bandwidth of a digitally recorded signal primarily depends upon

In data acquisition . . . . . . . . block is used for frequency measurement.

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the options given below: List-I (Measuring bridge) List-II (Application) a. Kelvin Double Bridge 1. Capacitance b. Wien Bridge 2. Self inductance c. Schering Bridge 3. Frequency d. Maxwell's Bridge 4. Low resistance

Which one of the following detectors is generally used in ac bridges for audio frequency range?

While using Maxwell bridge, the Q factor of a coil is obtained as

The most fundamental method of frequency measurement is

In the circuit shown in the figure, if the voltmeter and the ammeter are interchanged, it likely to result in damage to

The pressure and velocity at the throat of a Venturi tube, measuring the flow of a liquid, are related to the upstream pressure and velocity, respectively, as follows:

The full-scale deflecting torque of a 20 A moving-iron ammeter is 6 × 10 -5 N-m. What is the rate of change of self-inductance with respect to the deflection of the pointer of the ammeter at full scale?

Which of the following statements is true about two wattmeter method for power measurement in three phase current?

To detect the small output voltage of LVDT which DVM is preferable.

In a digital voltmeter, input signal is integrated for a duration of 50 clock cycles. To eliminate the effect of 100 Hz noise present in the signal, what is the maximum clock frequency?

Lissajous pattern shown in double-beam cathode-ray oscilloscope screen for two sinusoidal voltages of equal magnitude and of the same frequency but of phase shift of 30° electrical is

The meter suitable for only DC measurement

What will be seen on the screen of a CRO, when a sinusoidal voltage signal is applied to the vertical deflection plate of this CRO with no simultaneous signal applied to the horizontal deflection plate?

A 0-300 V Voltmeter has an error of ±2% of full deflection. What would be the range of readings if true voltage is 30 V?

A sinusoidal voltage of amplitude 150 V has been applied to a circuit having a rectifying device and prevents flow of current in one direction and offers a resistance of 15 Ω for the flow of current in the other direction. If hot wire type and PMMC type instruments are connected in this circuit to measure the electric current, their readings would respectively be:

A popular method of increasing the range of an ac instrument is use of

A liquid flows through a pipe of 100 mm diameter at a velocity of 1 m/s. If the diameter is guaranteed within ±1% and the velocity is known to be within ±3% of measured value, the limiting error for the rate of flow is

Which of the following methods are used for producing damping torque in analog instruments? 1. Air friction damping 2. Fluid friction damping 3. Eddy current damping 4. Electromagnetic damping

Majority of digital voltmeter are built with a dual - slope ADC because:

The Wein bridge circuit shown in the figure below can be used as a frequency measuring device, provided

Wattmeter is of

A capacitance of 250 pF produces resonance with a coil at a frequency of $$frac{2}{pi } imes {10^6},{ ext{Hz,}}$$ xa0 while at the second harmonic of this frequency, resonance is produced by a capacitance of 50 pF the coil will be nearly

An average response rectifier type electronic voltmeter has a d.c. voltage of 10 V applied to it. What is the meter reading?

If retrace is visible on the CRT screen, the trouble may be that

OTDR is the acronym for:

Given x(t) = 3sin(1000πt) and y(t) = 5cos(1000πt + π/4). The x-y plot will be:

For a particular material the Hall coefficient was found to be zero. The material is

Under identical values of cold and hot junction temperatures, which thermocouple gives the highest output?

The most suitable primary standard for frequency is:

Two milli ammeters with full scale currents of 1 mA and 10 mA are connected in parallel and they read 0.5 mA and 2.5 mA respectively. Their internal resistance are in the ratio of

Considering the following statements: 1. Use of digital computer along with transducer maked data manipulation easier. 2. Digital signals are not dependent on signal amplifiers and so are easy to transmit without distortion and external noise. 3. Increased accuracy in pulse count is possible. 4. There are ergonomic advantages in presenting digital data. The main advantages of digital transducers include

Which of the following are used in making resistance temperature detectors?

In a vortex shedding flow meter, the shedding frequency is $${ ext{f}} = frac{{{{ ext{N}}_{{ ext{st}}}}{ ext{V}}}}{{ ext{D}}}$$ xa0 where N st is

Wagner's earth a.c. bridge circuit is used to eliminate the effect of

How can be resolution of a wire-wound potentiometer be improved?

A Q-meter is supplied with an oscillator having a 500 mV output voltage. While testing an unknown inductor, the voltage across the variable capacitor of the Q-meter, measured by a digital voltmeter, is obtained as 10 V. The Q-factor of the inductor is

The following type of instrument can be used for measuring AC voltage of the highest frequency with reasonable accuracy.

PMMC ammeter have uniform scale because

Heating effect of current is used in

Optical pyrometer is generally used to measure:

The full-scale deflection current of an ammeter is 1 mA and its internal resistance is 100 ohms. This is to have full deflection when 100V is measured. What is the value of series resistor to be used?

A spring controlled indicating instrument has a deflection of 90° for maximum current I. The corresponding deflection for a gravity controlled instrument is

PMMC type instruments normally use

Jewels are used in instruments for the purpose of

Which instrument has identical calibration for ac as well as dc values?

The full-scale deflection current of an ammeter is 1 mA and its internal resistance is 100 ohms. If this meter is to have full deflection at 5A, what is the value of the shunt resistance to be used?

If the instrument is to have a wide range, the instrument should have

It can be stated that

To measure an A. C. voltage by using an A.C. potentiometer, it is desirable that the supply for the potentiometer in taken

With a sweep time 10ms across the screen the approx. horizontal sawtooth frequency will be

The thermocouple instrument will measure

The thermocouple instruments do not have

Which of the following instruments can be used to measure AC current only?

Wien bridge is useful for measuring

When a capacitor was connected to the terminal of ohmmeter, the pointer indicated a low resistance initially and then slowly came to infinity position. This shows that capacitor is

The function of the Q-meter is to measure:

The expected value of the voltage across a resistor is 80 V. However, the voltmeter reads 79 V. The absolute error in the measurement is

In final stage of ecological succession dynamic balance between species and physical environment takes place, which is called

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the options given below: List-I List-II a. Digital Counter 1. Measurement of harmonic b. Scherring bridge 2. Measurement of frequency c. Meggar 3. Measurement of loss angle in a dielectric d. Spectrum Analyzer 4. Measurement of insulation resistance

The active transducer in the measurement of pressure is

In a moving coil instrument, the deflecting torque is proportional to

In a moving iron meter, the deflecting torque is proportional to

Which wave has the least form factor?

The current coil of a wattmeter is connected to the CT of R-phase. The potential coil is connected across Y and B phases. The wattmeter measures

Two voltmeters have the same range 0-400V. The internal impedance are 30,000 Ohms and 20,000 Ohms. If they are connected in series and 600V be applied across them, the readings are

The two pressure coils of a single phase power factor meter have

To measure the flux, devices used are based on

No eddy current and hysteresis losses occur in

The absolute measurement of resistance is done by

For power measurement of three phase circuit by two wattmeter method, when the value of power factor is less than 0.5 lagging

An inductive pick-up is used to measure speed of a shaft on which a 120 tooth-wheel is attached. The number of pulses produced per second is 3000. What is the RPM of the shaft?

Very small displacements are effectively measured using

The bridge best suited for measurement of mutual inductance is:

For a dynamometer-type instrument, the incorrect statement from the following is:

The device possessing the highest photosensitivity is a

Which one of the following is correct? The generated emf of tachogenerator is

Which of the following line telemetry systems are available? 1. Voltage telemetry system 2. Current telemetry systems 3. Positions telemetry systems 4. Resistivity telemetry systems

Which one of the following is not used for measurement of density?

Input and output from a common-base amplifier are fed to an oscilloscope to see their phase relationship. The Lissajous figure is:

The force between two charged particle is given by, $${ ext{F}} = frac{1}{{4pi {varepsilon _0}}}frac{{{{ ext{Q}}_{ ext{1}}}{{ ext{Q}}_{ ext{2}}}}}{{{{ ext{r}}^2}}},$$ xa0 xa0where the symbols have their usual meanings. The dimensions of ∈ 0 in free space in SI system are:

Inductance of a coil having Q value in the range of (1 < Q < 10), can be measured by using

LVDT is a

Which one of the following multi range voltmeters has high and constant input impedance

Measurement of an unknown voltage with a dc potentiometer loses its advantage of open-circuit measurement when

Potentiometer method of dc voltage measurement is, in principle, more accurate than direct measurement of a voltage using voltmeter because.

Current passing through a resistor of 100 ± 0.2Ω is 2.00 ± 0.01 A. Computed value of power will be

The current flowing in a 20 Ω resistor is given by i = 2 + 4 sin 314t. This current is measured by a hot wire ammeter. What is the measured value?

Which type of wattmeter cannot be used for D.C.?

The voltage (E 0 ) developed across a glass electrode for pH measurement is related to the temperature (T) by the relation

In binary data transmission DPSK is preferred to PSK because

For a rotameter, which one of the following statements is TRUE?

In an electro dynamometer, a moving coil has an area A, turn N and carries a current I producing a magnetic flux B. The torque on the moving coil is proportional to

An inductor tunes at 200 kHz with 624 pF capacitor and at 600 kHz with 60.4 pF capacitor. The self capacitance of the inductor would be-

A 1 m length wire has a resistance of 150 Ω. When it is subjected to strain, its length becomes 1.01 m. The measurement is conducted by a strain gauge whose gauge factor is 2. The change in resistance of the wire is

Which of the following transducers requires a high input impedance preamplifier for proper measurements?

The values of capacitance and inductance used in the series LCR circuit are 160 pF and 160 µH with the inherent tolerance ±10% in each. Then, the resonance frequency of the circuit is in the range of:

Potentiometer can be classified as:

In S.I system, unit of stress is:

If A = 629 ± 8 and B = 131 ± 3, A - B with range of doubt is

If an induction type energy meter runs fast, it can be slowed down by

A permanent magnet moving coil ammeter has a coil resistance of 99ohm and Full Scale DeflectionFSD. current of 0.1mA. Shunt resistance is 1 ohm. Current through the meter at 0.5 F.S.D is

The chemical effect of current is used in

Some wire- wound resistors have bifilar winding. This type of winding is used to

The pressure coil of a wattmeter should be connected on the supply side of the current coil when

A resistor of 10 kΩ with 5% tolerance is connected in parallel with a 5 kΩ resistor of 10% tolerance. What is the tolerance limit for the parallel network?

It is found that 10A current passes through a resistor of 10°hms. The resistor has 5% tolerance . The error in measurement of current can be as high as 5%. What is max error in measurement of power, calculated from measured value of I and the nominal value of resistor?

The EMF of Weston standard cell is measured using

A mulliammeter can be used as

Wagner earthing device is used to eliminate errors due to

The multiplier and the meter coil in a voltmeter are in

Which one of the following has a magnetic brake?

Use of high permeability core in moving iron instrument helps in

For the voltmeter, if meter movement is from 0-12 mA, then what will be its sensitivity?

A vector voltmeter can be used to measure 1. Complex insertion loss 2. Two-port network parameters 3. Amplifier gain and phase shift 4. Harmonic distortion Which of the above are correct?

The phenomenon of creeping occurs in

A compensated wattmeter has its reading corrected for error due to which one of the following parameters?

Consider the following statements in respect of two types of a dynamometer wattmeter connections are shown below the figure (a) and figure (b). 1. Figure (a) is used when applied voltage is high and load current flowing is low. 2. Figure (b) is used when applied voltage is low and load current flowing is high. 3. If the order of connections in Statements 1 and 2 are in opposite order, gross error will be increased. 4. If the order of connections in Statements 1 and 2 are in opposite order, gross error will be reduced. Which of the statements given above are correct?

Identify the correct matches: List-I List-II a. Spirometer 1. Electric activity of heart b. Sphygmomanometer 2. Respiratory volume measurement c. Plethysmograph 3. Measurement of change in volume of body part d. Electrocardiograph 4. Blood pressure measurement

For the measurement of electrical energy, we may use a

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the options given below: List-I (Transducer) List-II (Measured Quantity) a. Hall Effect pick-up 1. Pressure b. Piezoelectric pick-up 2. Velocity of a fluid c. Hot-wire anemometer 3. Flow rate d. Rotameter 4. Current

The form factor in AC is the ratio of

The error of an instrument is normally given as a percentage of

The repeat accuracy of an instrument can be judged from its

The resistance offered to the passage of an in-varying current by a column of mercury at the temperature of melting ice of mass 14.4521 gms of uniform cross-sectional area and length 106.3cm is

In a gravity controlled instrument, the deflection angle is proportional

The problem of Electrostatic coupling in a transformer is acute at

Which meter is suitable for the measurement of 10mV at 50MHz?

Which of the following devices should be used for accurate measurement of low D.C. voltage?

An instrument to be used for measurement and control should preferably have

Electrostatic instruments are normally used for

A megger is usually

Ampere is one of the

The internal resistance of an ammeter should be

A rectifier type instrument is connected to 100VDC and is operated in the DC measuring module reads

An oscilloscope indicates

Ryall crest voltmeter is used for measurement of

Direct method is used to measure

The resistance can be measured most accurately by

In a ballistic galvanometer, the deflecting torque is proportional to

A 0-250 V voltmeter has guaranteed accuracy of 1% full-scale reading (deflection). The voltage measured by this instrument is 100 V. The limiting error is given by

A 0-200 V voltmeter has a sensitivity of 1 kΩ/V. The resistance of the voltmeter is

Most common form of A.C. meters met with in every day domestic and industrial installation are

Volt Ratio box (VR box) is used in conjuction with

The FM telemetry as compared with AM telemetry requires a channel that is

Which of the following is correct?

Which of the following meters is based on the principle of Hall Effect?

Hysteresis error, in moving iron instruments may be reduced by using

A thermistor has a resistance temperature coefficient of -2% over a temperature range of 25°C to 50°C. If the resistance is 50 Ω at 25°C. What is the resistance at 45°C ?

Consider the following statements associated with electrical/electronic transducers: 1. Mass-inertia effects are minimized 2. These transducers consume very little power 3. The response time is large 4. Transmission and processing the signal for the purpose of measurement are easier Select the correct answer using the options given below:

Bridge circuits using resistance temperature detectors (RTD's) in temperature measurements usually employ the "three lead system" so as to obtain

Radiation pyrometers are used in the temperature range of

The strain gauge should have 1. High gauge factor 2. Low resistance temperature coefficient 3. High resistance Which of the above statements are correct?

Identify the 'CORRECT' statements, 1. Loading effect is primarily caused by instruments having low sensitivity. 2. Relative error is the difference between the measured value and the true value. 3. Resolution is small increment is measurand that can be detected with certainty by the instrument. 4. Moving-coil permanent magnet instruments can be used for the measurements of AC and DC.

Swamping resistor is connected with PMMC meter in order to:

A delay line is used in high speed CRO to introduce time delay in

Consider the following statements regarding data acquisition systems: 1. Digital data acquisition systems are used when wide frequency width is required. 2. Analog data acquisition system are more complex the digital systems. 3. Digital data acquisition systems are used when the physical quality being monitored has narrow bandwidth. Which of the above statements are not correct?

For controlling the vibration of the disc of an AC energy meter, damping torque is produced by

Gas flow and gas pressure can be measured by

What is the unit of measure for electrical pressure or electromotive force?

Error caused by the act of measurement on the physical system being tested is

Parameter defined as the nearness of the indicated value to the true value of the quantity being measured is

The principle of operation of Q-meter is based on

For accurate measurement of voltage the most suitable equipment

A coil is tuned to response at 1 MHz with a resonating capacitance of 72 pF. At 500 kHz, the resonance is obtained with a resonating capacitance value of 360 pF. The self-capacitance of the coil is

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the options given below: List-I (Characteristics) List-II (ADCs) a. Parallel comparator 1. Null balancing type b. Successive approximation 2. Fastest converter c. Dual-slope 3. Voltage dependent conversion time d. Counter-ramp 4. Integrating type

The internal resistance of the milliammeter must be very low for

Which of the following cannot provide as much time interval accuracy as the oscilloscope but can capture and display eight or more signals simultaneously, something that scopes cannot do?

The three impedances of an ac bridge shown in given figure are: Z 1 = 200Ω∠60°, Z 2 = 400Ω∠-90°, Z 3 = 300Ω∠0° The value of Z 4 for the bridge to be balanced is

In a linear variable differential transformer (LVDT).

Electrical positional system telemetering uses for transmission of signal in

A potentiometer is basically a

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the options given below: List-I (Bridge) List-II (Quantity) a. Wheatstone bridge 1. Capacitance b. Wien bridge 2. Very low resistance c. Kelvin double bridge 3. Resistance d. Schering bridge 4. Frequency

The torque transmitted by a cylindrical shaft is to be measured by using two strain gauges. The angles for mounting the strain gauges relative to the axis of the shaft for maximum sensitivity are

Which of the following methods can be used for measuring power without using wattmeter. 1. One voltmeter, one ammeter 2. Two voltmeters, two ammeters 3. Three voltmeters 4. Three ammeters

A vibration galvanometer is tunded:

The Q-factor measures

Consider the ammeter-voltmeter method of determining the value of the resistance R using the circuit shown in the figure. The maximum possible errors of the voltmeter and ammeter are known to be 1% and 2% of their readings, respectively. Neglecting the effects of meter resistances, the maximum possible percentage error in the value of R determined from the measurements, is:

Which of the following is used to measure the leakage resistance of a capacitor?

A piezoelectric crystal having a thickness of 2 mm and a voltage sensitivity of 0.02 V-m/N is subjected to a pressure of 20 × 10 3 Pa. What is the output voltage?

In orifice meter, vena contracta is a position where . . . . . . . . is maximum and . . . . . . . . is minimum.

On an induction type energy meter, is written "600 rev/kWh". If it is to be used an approximate wattmeter which is read off in rpm, a 600 watt load would read as

A d.c. circuit can be represented by a voltage source of 10 V in series with an output resistance of 1 kΩ. An ammeter of 50 Ω resistance is connected to the source terminals for measurement of current. The accuracy of measurement is nearly

Loading effect is primarily caused by instruments having:

A dual trace oscilloscope usually offers two modes, chop and alternate. The alternate mode can be used for displaying.

In a flux meter, the controlling torque is

The simplest and most common method of reducing any effect of inductive coupling between measurement and power circuits is achieved by using

The Q factor of an inductor would be higher it is made of

A seismic transducer working in the displacement mode should be designed to have

The power of a three phase, three wire balanced system was measured by two Wattmeter method. The reading of one Wattmeter was found to be doubled that of other. What is the power factor of the system?

A 100 Ω resistive potentiometer is used with an input supply voltage of 10 V. If the thermal resistance 30°C/W and the ambient temperature is 40°C, the temperature of the POT is

The measured value of a capacitor is 100 µF. The true value of the capacitor is 110 µF. The percentage relative error is

What are the advantages of resistance potentiometer? 1. They are inexpensive. 2. They are useful for measurement of large amplitudes of displacement. 3. Their electrical efficiency is very high and they provide sufficient output to permit control operations without further amplification.

A DVM has a $$4frac{1}{2}$$xa0digit display. The 1 volt range can read upto

Induction type single phase energy meters measure electric energy in

The lissajous pattern appearing on the screen of a CRT, when two sinusoidal voltages of equal frequencies, which are in phase with each other are applied to the CRO is

Which one of the following types of landline telemetry method has the advantage of simplicity and is free from noise, leakage and supply voltage variations?

When the voltage across a battery is measured using a D.C. potentiometer, the reading shows 1.08 V. But when the same voltage is measured using a Permanent Magnet Moving Coil (PMMC) voltmeter, the voltmeter reading shows 0.99 V. If the resistance of the voltmeter is 1100 Ω, the internal resistance of the battery, in Ω, is

A 0-25 A ammeter has a guaranteed accuracy of 1% of full scale reading. The current measured by this instrument is 10 A. The limiting error in % is,

Semiconductor strain gauges are usually made of

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

A capacitance transducer uses two quartz diaphragms of area 750 mm 2 separated by a distance 3.5 mm. The capacitance is 370 pF. When a pressure of 900 kN/m 2 is applied, the deflection is 0.6 mm. The capacitance at this pressure would be:

A digital linear displacement transducer normally uses

The measurement of the speed of a rotating shaft by means of an electric tachometer is a:

The null balance potentiometric measurement of voltage technique is not capable of measuring

What is the major cause of creeping in an energy-meter?

Q factor is measured using

Consider two metallic wires W 1 and W 2 . They are made up of same material and each has circular cross-section. The diameter of W 2 is twice that of W 1 and the length of W 2 is four times that of W 1 . Which one of the following statement is TRUE?

The following is not essential for the working of an indicating instrument

The advantage of Hay's bridge over Maxwell's inductance-capacitance bridge is

A circle is found on the screen of CRO when 2 time varying signals of same frequency and same magnitude are applied to X and Y plates of the CRO. What is the relative phase difference?

Which one of the following effect is used in measuring power?

Out of an ammeter, a milli ammeter, a voltmeter and a milli voltmeter, which pair of the instruments have maximum and minimum resistance respectively?

Consider the following data for the circuit shown above: Ammeter : Resistance 0.2 Ω

Reading 5.0 A Voltmeter: Resistance 2 kΩ

Reading 200 V Wattmeter : Current coil resistance 0.2 Ω Pressure coil resistance 2 KΩ Load : Power factor = 1 The reading of the Wattmeter is: