Horticulture
Name: _____________________
Date: _____________________
Instructions: Answer all questions. Write your answers clearly in the space provided.
Question 1:
Panchranga, Satranga are prepared from . . . . . . . .
A.
Cabbage
B.
Cauliflower
C.
Taro
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 2:
Roses are commonly propagated by
A.
Seeds
B.
Grafting
C.
Stem cutting
D.
All of these
Answer: _________
Question 3:
Cleistogamy is seen in
A.
Apricot
B.
Grape
C.
Strawberry
D.
Loquat
Answer: _________
Question 4:
Blossom end rot in tomato is caused by the deficiency of
A.
B
B.
Ca
C.
Mg
D.
Co
Answer: _________
Question 5:
Spore propagated ornamental is
A.
Fern
B.
Gymnosperms
C.
Palms
D.
Bryophytes
Answer: _________
Question 6:
Non-climacteric fruit among the following is
A.
Grape
B.
Jamun
C.
Litchi
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 7:
Which crop is known as vegetable meat
A.
Okra
B.
Cabbage
C.
Cowpea
D.
Pea
Answer: _________
Question 8:
Essential oil is extracted from which Tagetus species?
A.
T. erecta
B.
T. patula
C.
T. signata
D.
T. lemmonii
Answer: _________
Question 9:
Colour of flowers borne by Bombax malabaricum is
A.
Pink
B.
Blue
C.
Red
D.
White
Answer: _________
Question 10:
The per capita consumption of vegetable in India (gram) is
A.
300
B.
285
C.
175
D.
225
Answer: _________
Question 11:
F 1 hybrid of pepper is
A.
Paniyur-1
B.
Paniyur-4
C.
Paniyur-5
D.
Paniyur-6
Answer: _________
Question 12:
"Rutin" is associated with . . . . . . . . vegetable.
A.
Chilli
B.
Tomato
C.
Brinjal
D.
Potato
Answer: _________
Question 13:
Gladiolus is generally propagated by
A.
Bulb
B.
Corm
C.
Tuber
D.
Rhizome
Answer: _________
Question 14:
Browning in Cauliflower is due to
A.
Boron deficiency
B.
Nitrogen deficiency
C.
Excess of boron
D.
Sulphur deficiency
Answer: _________
Question 15:
National Seed Project was launched in . . . . . . . . with the financial support from World Bank.
A.
1971
B.
1975
C.
1977
D.
1987
Answer: _________
Question 16:
Kashmir Beauty and Golden Heart are the varieties of
A.
Radish
B.
Carrot
C.
Cabbage
D.
Cauliflower
Answer: _________
Question 17:
Commercial method of propogation of Gladiolus is
A.
Corms
B.
Suckers
C.
Tubers
D.
Bulbs
Answer: _________
Question 18:
The preservative used in colored juices for preservation is
A.
Citric acid
B.
KMS
C.
Benzoic acid
D.
MH
Answer: _________
Question 19:
Pusa Meghdoot and Pusa Manjari are the improved varieties of
A.
Snake gourd
B.
Bitter gourd
C.
Ridge gourd
D.
Bottle gourd
Answer: _________
Question 20:
The red colour of Jelly is due to addition of
A.
Charring of sugar
B.
Artificial colour
C.
Acid
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 21:
Azhukal rot affects which part of cardamom?
A.
Capsule
B.
Tiller
C.
Inflorescence
D.
Stem
Answer: _________
Question 22:
Vegetable included in Solanaceous fruit group
A.
Potato
B.
Tomato
C.
Both A and B
D.
Okra
Answer: _________
Question 23:
Central Plant Protection Training Institute (CPPTI) is situated at . . . . . . . .
A.
Chennai
B.
Bengaluru
C.
Hyderabad
D.
Kolkata
Answer: _________
Question 24:
Leaf scorch of mango is caused by
A.
Moisture stress
B.
Mg deficeincy
C.
Cu deficiency
D.
K deficiency
Answer: _________
Question 25:
Central Institute for Arid Horticulture is located at . . . . . . . .
A.
Varanasi
B.
Jodhpur
C.
Bikaner
D.
Kasargod
Answer: _________
Question 26:
Early bearing cultivar of coconut is
A.
Tall
B.
Dwarf
C.
Tall × Dwarf
D.
Naturally Crossed Dwarf
Answer: _________
Question 27:
Floral structure hindering natural pollination in Vanilla is
A.
Rostellum
B.
Labellum
C.
Stigma
D.
Pistil
Answer: _________
Question 28:
Late cauliflower does not set seed in plains due to absence of
A.
Long day and low temperature
B.
Long day and high temperature
C.
Short day and high temperature
D.
Short day and low temperature
Answer: _________
Question 29:
Which one of the following is not correctly matched in the term of Fruit and Fat?
A.
Cocoa ⇔ 37
B.
Cashew nut ⇔ 47
C.
Coconut ⇔ 20
D.
Avocado ⇔ 26
Answer: _________
Question 30:
Banana stores well at a temperature of
A.
10°C
B.
13°C
C.
0°C
D.
20°C
Answer: _________
Question 31:
Who established most famous LAL BAGH garden in Bangalore
A.
King Hyder Ali
B.
Ranjit Singh
C.
King Surajmal
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 32:
Watch flower is
A.
Clematis paniculata
B.
Ipomea palmate
C.
Ipomea leasrii
D.
Passiflora laurifolia
Answer: _________
Question 33:
Pusa Nasdar is a variety of
A.
Bottlegourd
B.
Ridge gourd
C.
Bittergourd
D.
Round gourd
Answer: _________
Question 34:
Dehydration temperature sufficient for fruits is
A.
55° - 60°C
B.
60° - 66°C
C.
66° - 71°C
D.
70° - 72°C
Answer: _________
Question 35:
Mushrooms are an excellent source of . . . . . . . . , a mineral that body needs to produce red blood cells.
A.
Mn
B.
Cu
C.
Fe
D.
Cl
Answer: _________
Question 36:
Minimum TSS specified by FPO for Crush is
A.
40%
B.
50%
C.
60%
D.
55%
Answer: _________
Question 37:
Chemical formula of colchicine is
A.
C 22 H 25 NO 6
B.
C 25 H 22 NO 6
C.
C 22 H 27 NO 8
D.
C 22 H 25 N 2 O 6
Answer: _________
Question 38:
Waxing is done to reduce
A.
Transpiration
B.
Respiration
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 39:
Central Seed Laboratory (CSL) is located in . . . . . . . .
A.
New Delhi
B.
Chennai
C.
Bengaluru
D.
Kolkata
Answer: _________
Question 40:
National Bio-diversity Authority is located at
A.
Bengaluru
B.
Chennai
C.
Mumbai
D.
New Delhi
Answer: _________
Question 41:
Colour of tomato are controlled by
A.
One gene
B.
Two genes
C.
Four genes
D.
Six genes
Answer: _________
Question 42:
Daily requirement of vitamin-D for a healthy adult is
A.
200 I.U.
B.
400 I.U.
C.
600 I.U.
D.
800 I.U.
Answer: _________
Question 43:
Hisar Shyamal is a variety of
A.
Tomato
B.
Brinjal
C.
Chilli
D.
Lady's finger
Answer: _________
Question 44:
In freezing which principle is used?
A.
Condensation
B.
Crystallization
C.
Drying
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 45:
Papaya is commercially propagated by
A.
Layering
B.
Cutting
C.
Budding
D.
Seed
Answer: _________
Question 46:
Which of the following is a recognized grading standard of tomato?
A.
Super-B
B.
Super-C
C.
Super-A
D.
Super-D
Answer: _________
Question 47:
Self incompatibility seen in cole crops is
A.
Gametophytic
B.
Sporophytic
C.
Genetic
D.
Heterostylic
Answer: _________
Question 48:
'RATNA' variety of mango is a cross of
A.
Dashehari × Niranjan
B.
Dashehari × Manjra
C.
Neelam × Alphonso
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 49:
Double the number plants than square system of planting can be accommodated in which other planting system?
A.
Cluster system
B.
Quincunx system
C.
Triangular system
D.
Both A and B
Answer: _________
Question 50:
Pant Anupama, Arka Komal and Blue Lake are the varieties of
A.
Indian bean
B.
French bean
C.
Moth bean
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 51:
Which of the following pair is not correctly matched
A.
Onion - bulb
B.
Garlic - clove
C.
Sweet potato - tuber
D.
Cauliflower - head
Answer: _________
Question 52:
Naturally sourced anti biotic used in canning is
A.
Ampicillin
B.
Nisin
C.
Penicillin
D.
Streptomycin
Answer: _________
Question 53:
Vaccum cooling is chiefly employed in
A.
Cole crops
B.
Leafy vegetables
C.
Temperate fruits
D.
Stem vegetab
Answer: _________
Question 54:
Which state is highest producer of fenugreek in India
A.
Rajasthan
B.
Haryana
C.
U. P.
D.
Bihar
Answer: _________
Question 55:
Cleavage type of polyembryony is seen in
A.
Mango
B.
Citrus
C.
Coconut
D.
Arecanut
Answer: _________
Question 56:
Pusa Phalguni, Pusa Barsati, Pusa-do fasli and Pusa Rituraj are the improved varieties of
A.
Brinjal
B.
Pea
C.
French bean
D.
Cowpea
Answer: _________
Question 57:
Variety of gladiolus developed by irradiation mutation is
A.
Kum Kum
B.
Pusa Manmohak
C.
Shobha
D.
Arka gold
Answer: _________
Question 58:
Which of the following cultivar belongs to bottlegourd?
A.
Pusa Meghdoot
B.
CO-1
C.
Australian Green
D.
Straight Eight
Answer: _________
Question 59:
Pyrethrin is extracted from which part of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium?
A.
Stem
B.
Roots
C.
Flowers
D.
Leaves
Answer: _________
Question 60:
Allium porrum is
A.
Leek
B.
Onion
C.
Chive
D.
Shallot
Answer: _________
Question 61:
Shade loving annual is
A.
Balsam
B.
Alyssum
C.
Salvia
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 62:
Downy mildew of muskmelon is controlled by systemic fungicide
A.
Ridomil MZ
B.
Blitox
C.
Indofil M 45
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 63:
Which one of the following is an aggregate fruit
A.
Strawberry
B.
Mango
C.
Litchi
D.
Orange
Answer: _________
Question 64:
Skiffing is practised in which plantation crop
A.
Rubber
B.
Coffee
C.
tea
D.
Cashewnut
Answer: _________
Question 65:
The quantity of leafy vegetables recommended by dieticians to be consumed daily for a balanced diet is
A.
80 gram
B.
100 gram
C.
115 gram
D.
120 gram
Answer: _________
Question 66:
Which one of the following is most suitable used as a filler crop in a mango orchard
A.
Pomegranate
B.
Banana
C.
Grape
D.
Papaya
Answer: _________
Question 67:
Generally, alternate bearing problem is noticed in fruit trees
A.
Orange
B.
Guava
C.
Mango
D.
Apple
Answer: _________
Question 68:
In which year, the Fruits Product Order (FPO) was passed?
A.
1950
B.
1955
C.
1960
D.
1965
Answer: _________
Question 69:
Weeping jelly occurs due to
A.
Low sugar
B.
Inadequate pectin
C.
Fermentation
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 70:
Metaxenia is commonly observed in which fruit plant
A.
Date
B.
Guava
C.
Mango
D.
Apple
Answer: _________
Question 71:
Economic part in Senna is
A.
Leaves
B.
Pods
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 72:
Potato contains following amount of Vitamin-C (mg per hundred grams of edible portion).
A.
15
B.
17
C.
20
D.
30
Answer: _________
Question 73:
Characteristics of apomictic seedlings are
A.
True to type
B.
Sexually produced
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 74:
Symptoms of calcium deficiency in plants is 1 st noticed in
A.
Middle leaves
B.
Lower leaves
C.
Terminal leaves
D.
All leaves simultaneously
Answer: _________
Question 75:
King of Spices is
A.
Black pepper
B.
Cardamom
C.
Ginger
D.
Turmeric
Answer: _________
Question 76:
Citrus fruit variety to be patented for the first time is
A.
Tangelo
B.
Ruby
C.
Duncan
D.
Foster
Answer: _________
Question 77:
Highest rate of ethylene synthesis is seen in
A.
Pineapple
B.
Mango
C.
Passion fruit
D.
Grapes
Answer: _________
Question 78:
Red pigment in tomato is due to
A.
Lycopene
B.
Carotenoid
C.
Prolycopene
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 79:
Pusa Hybrid-9, a hybrid of . . . . . . . . crop was released from IARI, New Delhi, India.
A.
Pumpkin
B.
Tomato
C.
Brinjal
D.
Bottle gourd
Answer: _________
Question 80:
The uniform flowering in pineapple can be induced by application of
A.
100 ppm GA 3
B.
50 ppm GA 3
C.
25 ppm Ethephon + 2% urea
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 81:
In-situ method of grafting in mango is
A.
Inarching
B.
Stone grafting
C.
Epicotyl grafting
D.
Soft wood grafting
Answer: _________
Question 82:
. . . . . . . . country has the highest per capita intake of vegetables.
A.
Greece
B.
Turkey
C.
Republic of Korea
D.
India
Answer: _________
Question 83:
Golden Acre, Pride of India and Express are the improved varieties of
A.
Cauliflower
B.
Cabbage
C.
Spinach
D.
Garlic
Answer: _________
Question 84:
While Pusa Lal is sweet potato, Pusa Red is
A.
Onion
B.
Garlic
C.
Carrot
D.
Cassava
Answer: _________
Question 85:
Art of developing plants by pruning or training into different shapes is called as
A.
Edging
B.
Hedging
C.
Pergola
D.
Topiary
Answer: _________
Question 86:
The non-preference insect resistant mechanism is known as
A.
Anticholorosis
B.
Antibiosis
C.
Antixenosis
D.
Antipheromonosis
Answer: _________
Question 87:
International Center for Tropical Agriculture is situated at . . . . . . . .
A.
Sri Lanka
B.
Peru
C.
Philippines
D.
Colombia
Answer: _________
Question 88:
Auxin-name was given by
A.
Kogl
B.
Skoog
C.
Miller
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 89:
Which of the following is most suitable for growing under arid zones of India
A.
Papaya
B.
Ber
C.
Sweet Orange
D.
Aonla
Answer: _________
Question 90:
National Horticulture Board was set up in . . . . . . . . at Gurgaon in Haryana.
A.
1982
B.
1983
C.
1984
D.
1985
Answer: _________
Question 91:
Pink fleshed variety of guava is
A.
Allahabad Surkha
B.
Arka Kiran
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 92:
The country having highest area under hydroponics is
A.
Canada
B.
UK
C.
USA
D.
Israel
Answer: _________
Question 93:
Nonslip stage variety of muskmelon is
A.
Pusa Shandar
B.
Arka Rajhans
C.
Hara Madhu
D.
Kashi Madhu
Answer: _________
Question 94:
Variety of cardamom resistant to virus is
A.
Vijetha
B.
Avinash
C.
Coorg Suvasini
D.
Appangala-1
Answer: _________
Question 95:
Petalloid and gummifer type of male sterility is found in
A.
Onion
B.
Carrot
C.
Beetroot
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 96:
Type of inflorescence in pear is
A.
Hypanthodium
B.
Spadix
C.
Raceme
D.
Corymbose
Answer: _________
Question 97:
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) was set up in 1977 at . . . . . . . .
A.
Aleppo, Syria
B.
Nairobi, Kenya
C.
Rome, Italy
D.
Paris, France
Answer: _________
Question 98:
In which crop, side harvesting or partial harvesting is practiced in our country
A.
Brinjal
B.
Onion
C.
Colocasia
D.
Garlic
Answer: _________
Question 99:
Banana variety suitable for making baby food is
A.
Robusta
B.
Poovan
C.
Nendran
D.
Pey Kunnan
Answer: _________
Question 100:
Central Agmark Laboratory is situated at
A.
Mumbai
B.
Nasik
C.
Pune
D.
Nagpur
Answer: _________
Question 101:
Which of the following acts as an anti-oxidant?
A.
Selenium
B.
Iodine
C.
Boron
D.
Calcium
Answer: _________
Question 102:
Manikara hexandra (Khirni) is used as root stock for
A.
Citrus
B.
Sapota
C.
Sweet orange
D.
Grape
Answer: _________
Question 103:
Pusa red is a variety of
A.
Chilli
B.
Carrot
C.
Tomato
D.
Onion
Answer: _________
Question 104:
The primary objective of green house cultivation of vegetables is
A.
To get early yield
B.
To get off season yield
C.
To protect the crop from diseases
D.
To get higher yield
Answer: _________
Question 105:
Which one of the following statements is not correct
A.
Maleness in fruit can be induced by the application of GA 3
B.
Femaleness in fruits can be induced by applications of maleic hydrazide
C.
Root formation in cutting can be increases by application of IBA
D.
Calcium carbide chemical is not used for artificial ripening in banana
Answer: _________
Question 106:
Best time of budding in ber is
A.
July - August
B.
October - November
C.
March - April
D.
May - June
Answer: _________
Question 107:
Polyembryonic varieties of mango is
A.
Chandrakaran
B.
Olour
C.
Salem
D.
All of these
Answer: _________
Question 108:
Cultivation of vegetables on Dal Lake in Kashmir is referred as
A.
Hydroponics
B.
Kitchen garden
C.
Floating garden
D.
Aeroponics
Answer: _________
Question 109:
In India, . . . . . . . . crop has the maximum % area under F1 hybrids.
A.
Tomato
B.
Cabbage
C.
Watermelon
D.
Onion
Answer: _________
Question 110:
The term king of flowers is used for
A.
Rose
B.
Dahlia
C.
Orchid
D.
Carnation
Answer: _________
Question 111:
Economic portion of sandal wood is
A.
Bark
B.
Heart wood
C.
Axillary buds
D.
Leaves
Answer: _________
Question 112:
Product obtained by tapping unopened spadix of coconut is called
A.
Nata-de-coco
B.
Virgin coconut oil
C.
Coconut jelly
D.
Toddy
Answer: _________
Question 113:
. . . . . . . . country grows the largest number of vegetable crops in the world.
A.
China
B.
USA
C.
India
D.
Netherlands
Answer: _________
Question 114:
Cereals are deficient in . . . . . . . . amino acid.
A.
Methionine
B.
Lysine
C.
Cysteine
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 115:
Pruning system followed for climbing roses is
A.
No pruning
B.
Light pruning
C.
Hard pruning
D.
Collar pruning
Answer: _________
Question 116:
How can one protect the stem-end of radish root from becoming green?
A.
By thinning
B.
By earthing
C.
By staking
D.
All the above
Answer: _________
Question 117:
Institute of Horticultural Technology (IHT) is located in . . . . . . . .
A.
Kolkata
B.
New Delhi
C.
Chennai
D.
Bengaluru
Answer: _________
Question 118:
Major alkaloid in periwinkle leaves is
A.
Withanin
B.
Reserpine
C.
Vinblastine
D.
Ajmalicine
Answer: _________
Question 119:
Pusa arpita is a variety of which crop?
A.
Gladiolus
B.
Marigold
C.
Crossandra
D.
Tuberose
Answer: _________
Question 120:
Only two chemical preservatives permitted by FPO are
A.
Sodium benzoate and Potassium meta-bisulphate
B.
Sodium benzoate and copper sulphate
C.
Calcium carbonate and Sodium diazide
D.
Acetic acid and Sodium chloride
Answer: _________
Question 121:
. . . . . . . . is used as ethylene scavenger in fruit packaging.
A.
Potassium metabisulphite
B.
Potassium permanganate
C.
Sodium chloride
D.
Sodium hydroxide
Answer: _________
Question 122:
White pepper is obtained from
A.
Immature berries
B.
Semi ripe berries
C.
Ripe berries
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 123:
National Project on Organic Farming (NPOF) was started in
A.
2000
B.
2004
C.
2010
D.
1996
Answer: _________
Question 124:
Scientific name of White Button Mushroom is
A.
Pleurotus sajarcaju
B.
Volvariella displacia
C.
Agaricus bisporus
D.
Lentinus edodes
Answer: _________
Question 125:
Dwarf mutant cultivar of papaya is
A.
Pusa Dwarf
B.
CO1
C.
Pusa Nanha
D.
Pusa Majesty
Answer: _________
Question 126:
Maximum concentration of alkaloids in Cinchona is found in
A.
Barks
B.
Heartwood
C.
Twigs
D.
Leaves
Answer: _________
Question 127:
Which glucoside is helpful in preventing spoilage of cooked vegetable of bitter gourd
A.
Cucurbitacin
B.
Quercetin
C.
Alliin
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 128:
Self blanched variety of cauliflower is
A.
Pusa early synthetic
B.
Pusa Deepali
C.
Pusa Karthik Shankar
D.
Pusa Katki
Answer: _________
Question 129:
Most important disease of banana in India is
A.
Panama wilt
B.
Cercospora leaf spot
C.
Sigatoka
D.
Bunchy top
Answer: _________
Question 130:
Central Institute of Post-harvest Engineering Technology (CIPHET) is located at
A.
Mumbai
B.
Kolkata
C.
Chennai
D.
Ludhiana
Answer: _________
Question 131:
"Thermoperiodicity" refers to response of the plant to high day temperature and low temperature rather than a constant temperature. It is commonly observed in
A.
Tomato
B.
Brinjal
C.
Chilli
D.
Okra
Answer: _________
Question 132:
Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched
A.
Date palm - Monoecious
B.
Papaya - Polygamous
C.
Walnut - Monoecious
D.
Pistachionut - Dioecious
E.
Colocasia - Tuber
F.
Potato - Tuber
G.
Yams - Tuber
H.
Turnip - Tuber
Answer: _________
Question 133:
The air in Controlled atmosphere storage is maintained such that it has
A.
High O 2 , Low CO 2
B.
Low O 2 , High CO 2
C.
High O 2 , High CO 2
D.
Low O 2 , Low CO 2
Answer: _________
Question 134:
Family breeding is very effective for the improvement of
A.
Carrot
B.
Radish
C.
Turnip
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 135:
Export variety of mango is
A.
Alphonso
B.
Bombay green
C.
Langra
D.
Chausa
Answer: _________
Question 136:
. . . . . . . . colour of light favors stem elongation which unfavorably resemble etiolated plants.
A.
Blue
B.
Green
C.
Ultra-violet
D.
Red
Answer: _________
Question 137:
Sweet lemon variety susceptible to granulation is
A.
Hamlin
B.
Sathgudi
C.
Malta
D.
Jaffa
Answer: _________
Question 138:
Radish is a
A.
Cross pollinated crop
B.
Self-pollinated crop
C.
Often cross pollinated crop
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 139:
Blue coloured annual is
A.
Alyssum
B.
Calendula
C.
Tagetus
D.
Corn flower
Answer: _________
Question 140:
Optimum seed rate (g/ha) of cabbage is
A.
100
B.
200
C.
400
D.
300
Answer: _________
Question 141:
Buttoning is related to which vegetable crops?
A.
Cauliflower
B.
Cabbage
C.
Knol-Khol
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 142:
Arka Krishika is a variety of
A.
China aster
B.
Gladiolus
C.
Rose
D.
Gerbera
Answer: _________
Question 143:
Epicotyl grafting is practiced in case of
A.
Mango
B.
Citrus
C.
Jamun
D.
Jackfruit
Answer: _________
Question 144:
Collection of trees is called
A.
Arboretum
B.
Herbarium
C.
Vineyard
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 145:
Optimum seed rate to get desired population of okra (kg/ha) in Kharif season is
A.
8 - 10
B.
5 - 8
C.
15 - 20
D.
20 - 25
Answer: _________
Question 146:
Among cucurbits, which fruit is richest in iron content
A.
Musk melon
B.
Bitter gourd
C.
Watermelon
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 147:
Which one of the following fruits botanically called as "Hesperidium"?
A.
Mango
B.
Orange
C.
Apple
D.
Jack fruit
Answer: _________
Question 148:
Hybrid RS-841 is a rootstock for
A.
Pointed gourd
B.
Watermelon
C.
Muskmelon
D.
Cucumber
Answer: _________
Question 149:
Minimum % of fruit juice in barley water should be (FPO Specification)
A.
0.25%
B.
10%
C.
25%
D.
30%
Answer: _________
Question 150:
Carrot belongs to the family
A.
Solanaceae
B.
Cruciferae
C.
Umbelliferae
D.
Malvaceae
Answer: _________
Question 151:
Mentha arvensis is
A.
Bergamont mint
B.
Spearmint
C.
Peppermint
D.
Japanese mint
Answer: _________
Question 152:
Baby's breath flower belongs to the botanical family
A.
Asteraceae
B.
Brassicaceae
C.
Caryophyllaceae
D.
Liliaceae
Answer: _________
Question 153:
Golden Acre-the variety of cabbage was introduced from which country?
A.
USA
B.
Philippines
C.
Israel
D.
Denmark
Answer: _________
Question 154:
Edible banana fruit is seedless because of
A.
Stimulated parthenocarpy
B.
Absence of ovule
C.
Vegetative parthenocarpy
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 155:
Triploid variety of crossandra is
A.
Delhi crossandra
B.
Orange crossandra
C.
Soundarya
D.
Arka ambara
Answer: _________
Question 156:
Recessive bud mutation is most likely to expressed in
A.
An inbred
B.
A clone
C.
A pureline
D.
A hybrid
Answer: _________
Question 157:
Fruit bud differentiation in Aonla takes place in
A.
July - August
B.
October - November
C.
March - April
D.
May - June
Answer: _________
Question 158:
National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI) is located at . . . . . . . .
A.
Lucknow
B.
Jodhpur
C.
Trichy
D.
Nagpur
Answer: _________
Question 159:
Sulphur fungicide can be freely used on all the vegetables except . . . . . . . .
A.
Peas and beans
B.
Root vegetables
C.
Bulbous vegetables
D.
Cucurbitaceous vegetables
Answer: _________
Question 160:
Diara method of cultivation is followed in case of
A.
Squashes
B.
Watermelon
C.
Pumpkin
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 161:
Major pest of potato during storage is
A.
Cut worms
B.
Aphids
C.
Jassids
D.
Potato tuber moth
Answer: _________
Question 162:
State with highest Acreage of Pumpkin is
A.
Odisha
B.
West Bengal
C.
Uttar Pradesh
D.
Karnataka
Answer: _________
Question 163:
Annual flower used as a live screen is
A.
Stock
B.
Sweet pea
C.
Pansy
D.
Hollyhock
Answer: _________
Question 164:
Roopa is an improved variety of
A.
Orange
B.
Walnut
C.
Mango
D.
Guava
Answer: _________
Question 165:
Russet sprouting in lettuce is caused due to
A.
Ethylene exposure
B.
Heat stress
C.
Moisture imbalance
D.
Nitrogen deficiency
Answer: _________
Question 166:
Which one of the following is not correctly matched?
A.
Phalsa - Tiliaceae
B.
Litchi - Sapindaceae
C.
Apple - Rosaceae
D.
Mulberry - Apocynaceae
Answer: _________
Question 167:
Which one of the following is a rich source of fat
A.
Guava
B.
Walnut
C.
Papaya
D.
Cashew nut
Answer: _________
Question 168:
Plum cot is a cross between
A.
Prunus salicina × P. armeniaca
B.
Prunus salicina × P. avium
C.
Prunus armeniaca × P. avium
D.
Prunus armeniaca × P. paddum
Answer: _________
Question 169:
Stock conveys message of
A.
Luxury
B.
Love
C.
Secrecy
D.
Regards
Answer: _________
Question 170:
Non parasitic disorder due to deficiency of Ca in tomato is
A.
Buttoning
B.
Greening
C.
BER
D.
Browning
Answer: _________
Question 171:
Rubberization is a physiological disorder of
A.
Onion
B.
Garlic
C.
Carrot
D.
Radish
Answer: _________
Question 172:
Prostrate bearing habit is found in which cultivar of Cardamom?
A.
Malabar
B.
Mysore
C.
Vazhukka
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 173:
In India, which of the following fruit has the highest production?
A.
Orange
B.
Grapes
C.
Banana
D.
Mango
Answer: _________
Question 174:
Freedom-II is a virus resistant transgenic variety of
A.
Brinjal
B.
Tomato
C.
Squash
D.
Potato
Answer: _________
Question 175:
Pithiness resistant turnip variety is
A.
Pusa Swati
B.
Pusa Kanchan
C.
Pusa Chandrima
D.
Pusa Swarnima
Answer: _________
Question 176:
Mango seed lose their viability within
A.
2 - 4 week
B.
4 - 5 week
C.
6 - 8 week
D.
8 - 12 week
Answer: _________
Question 177:
Optimum seed rate (g/ha) of cauliflower is
A.
300 - 400
B.
700 - 900
C.
700 - 800
D.
500 - 600
Answer: _________
Question 178:
Tutti-fruiti-a processed product is prepared from . . . . . . . .
A.
Papaya
B.
Bottle gourd
C.
Ash gourd
D.
Both A and B
Answer: _________
Question 179:
Economic part in Asafoetida is
A.
Female rhizome
B.
Male rhizome
C.
Female inflorescence
D.
Male inflorescence
Answer: _________
Question 180:
Oleoresin is extracted from
A.
Onion
B.
Ginger
C.
Chillies
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 181:
Glycoalkaloids imparting bitter taste in brinjal are
A.
Aubergine
B.
Solasodine
C.
Kaemferine
D.
Melongine
Answer: _________
Question 182:
Arabica coffee is
A.
Diploid
B.
Triploid
C.
Tetrapolid
D.
Hexaploid
Answer: _________
Question 183:
Arka Prasan is a variety of
A.
Bottle gourd
B.
Ridge gourd
C.
Cucumber
D.
Round melon
Answer: _________
Question 184:
Browning of media causing drying of explants is mainly due to
A.
Tannins
B.
Abscissic acid
C.
Benzoic acid
D.
Gibberelli
Answer: _________
Question 185:
Cucumber striped beetle is a vector of
A.
Leaf curl
B.
Cucumber mosaic
C.
Bacterial wilt
D.
Downy mildew
Answer: _________
Question 186:
Prevention of Food Adulteration (PFA) act was passed in . . . . . . . . year.
A.
1950
B.
1954
C.
1955
D.
1947
Answer: _________
Question 187:
Ratio of green onion to dry onion is
A.
5 : 1
B.
10 : 1
C.
20 : 1
D.
22 : 1
Answer: _________
Question 188:
The best pH for tomato cultivation is
A.
6.0 - 7.0
B.
8.5
C.
5.5
D.
4.5 - 5.0
Answer: _________
Question 189:
Agrifound red is a variety of
A.
Yellow onion
B.
White onion
C.
Red onion
D.
Multiplier onion
Answer: _________
Question 190:
Yeast is employed in the preparation of
A.
Barley water
B.
Wine
C.
Nectar
D.
Whey
Answer: _________
Question 191:
Boron deficiency in radish causes
A.
Akashin
B.
Hollow rot
C.
Warts
D.
Cracking
Answer: _________
Question 192:
Early blight of tomato is caused by
A.
Fungus
B.
Bacteria
C.
Virus
D.
Protozoan
Answer: _________
Question 193:
"Petha" falls under the category of which processed product?
A.
Jam
B.
Jelly
C.
Candy
D.
Preserve
Answer: _________
Question 194:
Tomato cultivar suitable for processing is
A.
Roma
B.
Punjab chhuara
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 195:
Poisonous baiting is done to control which of the following insect-pest?
A.
Borer
B.
Whitefly
C.
Thrips
D.
Fruitfly
Answer: _________
Question 196:
Sweet orange variety prone to pre harvest fruit drop is
A.
Jaffa
B.
Blood red malta
C.
Hamlin
D.
Pineapple
Answer: _________
Question 197:
Para rubber is
A.
Manihot glaziovii
B.
Hevea brasiliensis
C.
Ficus elastic
D.
Parthenium argentatum
Answer: _________
Question 198:
Who is the father of systematic pomology
A.
Decandole
B.
Watson
C.
Mendel
D.
Darwin
Answer: _________
Question 199:
An illness which is known as "favism" is caused in peoples due to allergy to pollen and to green pod of
A.
Indian bean
B.
Dew bean
C.
Broad bean
D.
Moth bean
Answer: _________
Question 200:
Pollination in mango takes place by
A.
Housefly
B.
Whitefly
C.
Wind
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 201:
FPO specification for concentration of SO 2 in squashes is
A.
600 ppm
B.
350 ppm
C.
1000 ppm
D.
585 ppm
Answer: _________
Question 202:
Fruit type in Pomegranate is
A.
Berry
B.
Hypanthodium
C.
Balausta
D.
Hesperidium
Answer: _________
Question 203:
Papaya latex is preserved using
A.
BA
B.
Citric Acid
C.
KMS
D.
AgNO 3
Answer: _________
Question 204:
Soil binding aromatic crops is
A.
Patchouli
B.
Japanese mint
C.
Ocimum
D.
Vetiver
Answer: _________
Question 205:
Major Alkaloid in Ashwagandha is
A.
Vinblastine
B.
Barbalioin
C.
Andrographaloid
D.
Withanine
Answer: _________
Question 206:
Pointed gourd (dioecious) is propagated by
A.
Root cutting
B.
Seeds
C.
Stem cutting
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 207:
Litchi is propogated by
A.
Seeds
B.
Trench layering
C.
Air layering
D.
Budding
Answer: _________
Question 208:
Cum-swelling is due to
A.
Presence of acid
B.
Clostridium botulinum
C.
Presence of sulphur
D.
Presence of iron
Answer: _________
Question 209:
Induction of more staminate flowers in cucurbits is seen under
A.
Short day condition
B.
Long day condition
C.
Day neutral condition
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 210:
Intergeneric hybrid of apple and pear is
A.
Applepar
B.
Pearpple
C.
Peapple
D.
Papple
Answer: _________
Question 211:
. . . . . . . . is a hybrid variety of brinjal which is most suitable for Bartha making.
A.
BH-2
B.
BH-1
C.
Pusa Anmol
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 212:
Onion and garlic are peeled by which method?
A.
Flame peeling
B.
Steam peeling
C.
Mechanical peeling
D.
Lye peeling
Answer: _________
Question 213:
Jaffna is a cultivar of
A.
Cinnamon
B.
Cardamom
C.
Drumstick
D.
Clove
Answer: _________
Question 214:
Olour is a polyembryonic variety of which fruit
A.
Apple
B.
Guava
C.
Mango
D.
Orange
Answer: _________
Question 215:
Class II preservatives like KMS and benzoic acid are added to
A.
Check respiration
B.
Preserve colour
C.
Inhibit microbial growth
D.
Reduce ethylene production
Answer: _________
Question 216:
Important practice in spray carnation is
A.
Pinching
B.
Half pinch
C.
Disbudding
D.
Double pinch
Answer: _________
Question 217:
Most abundant fat soluble vitamin is
A.
Vitamin A
B.
Vitamin D
C.
Vitamin E
D.
Vitamin K
Answer: _________
Question 218:
Most ideal method for top working in Mango mango is
A.
Inarching
B.
Veneer grafting
C.
Side grafting
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 219:
Vegetable crops occupy only . . . . . . . . % of the total cultivated area.
A.
5
B.
3.9
C.
2.8
D.
7.8
Answer: _________
Question 220:
Night temperature requerement for tomato is
A.
5° - 10°C
B.
15° - 20°C
C.
25° - 30°C
D.
10° - 15°C
Answer: _________
Question 221:
Which organization is related to agricultural marketing?
A.
NAFED
B.
APEDA
C.
NABARD
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 222:
"Potherbs" are generally
A.
Cool season crops
B.
Warm season crops
C.
Rainy season crops
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 223:
Onion belongs to the family
A.
Liliaceae
B.
Araceae
C.
Amaryllidaceae
D.
Solanaceae
Answer: _________
Question 224:
First successful transgenic fruit plant is produced in which fruit
A.
Banana
B.
Fig
C.
Pear
D.
Papaya
Answer: _________
Question 225:
International Year of Potato was observed in
A.
2005
B.
2006
C.
2007
D.
2008
Answer: _________
Question 226:
Which of the following plant hormone is most effective in induction of bolting in rosette plant?
A.
Auxin
B.
GA3
C.
Cytokinin
D.
Ethylene
Answer: _________
Question 227:
CIMAP Trishna and CIMAP Tripta are varieties of
A.
Palmarosa
B.
Lemongrass
C.
Citronella
D.
Vetiver
Answer: _________
Question 228:
Hybrid tea roses are a cross of
A.
Rosa chinensis × R. gigantean
B.
Tea rose × Polyanthas
C.
Polyanthas × Hybrid perpetual
D.
Hybrid perpetual × Tea roses
Answer: _________
Question 229:
Choose annual crucifer
A.
Heading Chinese cabbage
B.
Non-heading Chinese cabbage
C.
Radish
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 230:
Cause of sleepiness in carnation is
A.
SO 2
B.
Gibberlic Acid
C.
Ethylene
D.
CO 2
Answer: _________
Question 231:
Fruit of roses is called
A.
Rose crone
B.
Rose hips
C.
Capsule
D.
Rose berry
Answer: _________
Question 232:
An example of tropical orchid is
A.
Vanda
B.
Dendrobium
C.
Onicidium
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 233:
National Bio-diversity Board is situated at
A.
Bengaluru
B.
Chennai
C.
Mumbai
D.
New Delhi
Answer: _________
Question 234:
"Hillocks are made to create a natural mountains scenery" are the characteristic feature of (informal style)
A.
Mughal garden
B.
Japanese garden
C.
Rose garden of Ludhiana
D.
Persian garden
Answer: _________
Question 235:
Brinjal variety developed by Dr. H. B. Singh is
A.
Pusa kranti
B.
Pusa purple long
C.
Arka sheel
D.
Pant rituraj
Answer: _________
Question 236:
Poor blood clotting is associated with the deficiency of which Vitamin?
A.
Vitamin-A
B.
Vitamin-B
C.
Vitamin-C
D.
Vitamin-K
Answer: _________
Question 237:
Project Directorate of Vegetable Research (PDVR) was started in . . . . . . . . at New Delhi.
A.
1987
B.
1978
C.
2000
D.
1992
Answer: _________
Question 238:
Spur pruned variety of grape is
A.
Arka soma
B.
Gulabi
C.
Pusa seedless
D.
Bangalore Blue
Answer: _________
Question 239:
Major acid present in carrot is
A.
Citric
B.
Oxalic
C.
Malic
D.
Tartaric
Answer: _________
Question 240:
Pre-bearing period in oil palm is
A.
3 years
B.
5 years
C.
7 years
D.
9 years
Answer: _________
Question 241:
Gum is extracted from
A.
French bean
B.
Winged bean
C.
Broad bean
D.
Cluster bean
Answer: _________
Question 242:
Seed rate for spring summer crop of Okra is
A.
12 - 15 kg
B.
18 - 20 kg
C.
10 - 12 kg
D.
25 - 28 kg
Answer: _________
Question 243:
Which of the following sex form observed in cucumber?
A.
Monoecious
B.
Gynoecious
C.
Trimonoecious
D.
All of these
Answer: _________
Question 244:
Best time for the propagation of apple is
A.
December - January
B.
May - June
C.
October - November
D.
March - April
Answer: _________
Question 245:
Buttoning is a physiological disorder in
A.
Knol-khol
B.
Cauliflower
C.
Onion
D.
Broccoli
Answer: _________
Question 246:
Male sterility in onion was first located by HA Jones is the year
A.
1925
B.
1935
C.
1995
D.
1965
Answer: _________
Question 247:
Headquarter of AICVIP is located at
A.
IARI, New Delhi
B.
IIHR, Bengaluru
C.
IIVR, Varanasi
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 248:
Pusa Kesar is the variety of
A.
Radish
B.
Turnip
C.
Beetroot
D.
Carrot
Answer: _________
Question 249:
Tomato hybrid developed using male sterile line is
A.
Pusa Divya
B.
Arka Vishal
C.
Pusa Hybrid-2
D.
Pusa 120
Answer: _________
Question 250:
Yellow leaf disease of Arecanut is caused by
A.
MLO
B.
Virus
C.
Viroid
D.
Bacteria
Answer: _________
Question 251:
Mango variety free from malformation is
A.
Pusa Arunima
B.
Ambika
C.
Sundar langra
D.
Sindhu
Answer: _________
Question 252:
The red colour in chilli fruits at the ripening stage is due to pigment
A.
Mimosine
B.
Capsanthin
C.
Alkaglucoside
D.
Capsaicin
Answer: _________
Question 253:
Tip hooking-a disorder in cauliflower due to the deficiency of . . . . . . . . mineral.
A.
Ca
B.
fe
C.
Mn
D.
B
Answer: _________
Question 254:
Filler flowers in Japanese are known as
A.
Soe
B.
Shin
C.
Jushi
D.
Ikebana
Answer: _________
Question 255:
Which one of the following fruits is grown in semi-wild form in wasteland of peninsular India but is one of the largest foreign exchange earners
A.
Coconut
B.
Cashew
C.
Orange
D.
Banana
Answer: _________
Question 256:
Which one of the following citrus type is source of monoembryonic
A.
Citron
B.
Mandarin
C.
Pummelo
D.
Sour lime
Answer: _________
Question 257:
Hand pollination is most useful in which fruit
A.
Apple
B.
Pear
C.
Litchi
D.
Date palm
Answer: _________
Question 258:
Which fruit crop has the highest chromosome (2n = 308)
A.
Banana
B.
Guava
C.
Mulberry
D.
Cashew nut
Answer: _________
Question 259:
Onion variety suitable for kharif crop is
A.
Pusa ratnar
B.
Pusa red
C.
Agrifound dark red
D.
All of these
Answer: _________
Question 260:
. . . . . . . . is also known as "four angled bean".
A.
French bean
B.
Cluster bean
C.
Winged bean
D.
Lima bean
Answer: _________
Question 261:
Increase in ethylene production during ripening is a characteristic of
A.
Non-climactric fruits
B.
Climactric fruits
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 262:
Haulms in seed crop of potato are cut during
A.
End of the December or, 1 st week of the January
B.
1 st fortnight of the January
C.
2 nd fortnight of the January
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 263:
Citrus fruit with highest malic acid content is
A.
Sour orange
B.
Sweet lime
C.
Lemon
D.
Grape fruit
Answer: _________
Question 264:
Which fruit is richest source of riboflavin
A.
Bael
B.
Mango
C.
Ber
D.
Guava
Answer: _________
Question 265:
Pant sudarshan is a variety of
A.
Karonda
B.
Loquat
C.
Mangosteen
D.
Phalsa
Answer: _________
Question 266:
Pusa Bindu is brinjal while Arka Bindu is
A.
Onion
B.
Carrot
C.
Radish
D.
Okra
Answer: _________
Question 267:
Brown heart in turnip is a physiological disorder caused by deficiency of
A.
Cu
B.
Fe
C.
Mo
D.
B
Answer: _________
Question 268:
Which of the following vegetables are classified as solanaceous fruits?
A.
Peas, beans
B.
Potato, tomato, brinjal
C.
Lettuce, celery, parsely
D.
Cucumber, okra, pumpkin
Answer: _________
Question 269:
Pole type variety of French bean is
A.
Arka Jay
B.
Arka Soumya
C.
Arka Vijay
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 270:
Heterostyly is seen in
A.
Ageratum
B.
Primula
C.
Petunia
D.
Sunflower
Answer: _________
Question 271:
Dwarfing rootstock for pear is
A.
Sand pear
B.
Quince
C.
Loquat
D.
Crab apple
Answer: _________
Question 272:
Prevention of sprouting in onion during storage is prevented by a pre harvest spray of
A.
Maleic hydrazide
B.
Ethephon
C.
GA 3
D.
IBA
Answer: _________
Question 273:
Mutant variety of Okra is
A.
Pusa Sawani
B.
Punjab-7
C.
Prabhani Kranti
D.
Punjab-8
Answer: _________
Question 274:
Shading structure used in betel vine cultivation is called
A.
Bower
B.
Bareja
C.
Pendal
D.
Pergola
Answer: _________
Question 275:
The optimum storage temperature of banana is
A.
0°C
B.
13°C
C.
20°C
D.
-10°C
Answer: _________
Question 276:
Which of the following is the late ripening cultivar of ber?
A.
Umran
B.
Gola
C.
Sindhura Narnaul
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 277:
In India the productivity of banana is highest in
A.
Uttar Pradesh
B.
Tamil Nadu
C.
Kerala
D.
West Bengal
Answer: _________
Question 278:
ELISA is . . . . . . . . linked test.
A.
Bacteria
B.
Virus
C.
Enzyme
D.
Protozoa
Answer: _________
Question 279:
Plant exploration would be most successful when it is targeted at
A.
Farmer's field
B.
Primary center of origin
C.
A microcenter
D.
Secondary center of origin
Answer: _________
Question 280:
In India, 'Sapota' tree comes in fruiting
A.
After two year
B.
Twice in a year
C.
Thrice in a year
D.
Once in a year
Answer: _________
Question 281:
The best temperature for storing tomato fruits
A.
5° - 10°C
B.
10° - 12°C
C.
12° - 15°C
D.
15° - 20°C
Answer: _________
Question 282:
Sweet corn belongs to the family
A.
Liliaceae
B.
Alliaceae
C.
Poaceae
D.
Araceae
Answer: _________
Question 283:
Browning of cut apples is due to
A.
Bacteria
B.
Moulds
C.
Yeasts
D.
Enzymes
Answer: _________
Question 284:
Bitter principle in cucurbits is due to
A.
Cucurbitacins
B.
Methionine
C.
Coumarine
D.
Solasodine
Answer: _________
Question 285:
Gladiolus belongs to the family
A.
Iridaceae
B.
Liliacece
C.
Caryophyllaceae
D.
Asteraceae
Answer: _________
Question 286:
Fruit which show either a rise in respiration rate or an associated production of ethylene during the ripening process are called
A.
Parthenogenetic
B.
Non-Climacteric
C.
Parthenocarpic
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 287:
Bitter taste in brinjal fruit is due to
A.
Anti-vitamin E factor
B.
Trypsin inhibitor
C.
Solasodine
D.
CN-glucosides
Answer: _________
Question 288:
Pre-cooling is meant to
A.
Improve fruit quality
B.
Remove the field heat
C.
Fresh the object
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 289:
Pungency principle in chilli is
A.
Capsorubin
B.
Capsaicin
C.
Anthocyanin
D.
Capsanthin
Answer: _________
Question 290:
The equilateral triangle system of planting accommodates how many more trees than square system?
A.
15%
B.
20%
C.
25%
D.
30%
Answer: _________
Question 291:
Fruit of potato is called
A.
Pepo
B.
Seed ball
C.
Capsule
D.
Berry
Answer: _________
Question 292:
The yellow pigment in papaya fruit is
A.
Carotene
B.
Anthocyanin
C.
Xanthophyll
D.
Caricaxanthin
Answer: _________
Question 293:
Which of the following variety of cabbage is late variety?
A.
Pusa Drum Head
B.
Golden Acre
C.
Pride of India
D.
September
Answer: _________
Question 294:
Gros Michel is a high yielding variety of banana, but susceptible to
A.
Bunchy top
B.
Panama wilt
C.
Black tip
D.
Anthracnose
Answer: _________
Question 295:
Tamarind fruit botanically is a type of fruit
A.
Pome
B.
Hesperidium
C.
Pod (lomentum)
D.
Berry
Answer: _________
Question 296:
A cabbage pod is called
A.
Drup
B.
Siliqua
C.
Berry
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 297:
Herkogamy favours
A.
Self-pollination
B.
Cross-pollination
C.
Mutation
D.
Wide hybridization
Answer: _________
Question 298:
Krishna and Kanchan are varieties of
A.
Orange
B.
Grape
C.
Aonla
D.
Mango
Answer: _________
Question 299:
Generally seedless watermelon is
A.
Polyploid
B.
Triploid
C.
Diploid
D.
Tetraploid
Answer: _________
Question 300:
Bottleneck is a physiological disorder of
A.
Cucumber
B.
Bottle gourd
C.
Bitter gourd
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 301:
Pusa Giant variety of papaya is
A.
Dioecious
B.
Gynodioecious
C.
Monoecious
D.
Andromonoecious
Answer: _________
Question 302:
How many plants of Amarpali Mango can be planted in one hectare?
A.
100
B.
400
C.
1600
D.
1000
Answer: _________
Question 303:
Coconut Development Board is located at
A.
Kasargod
B.
Puttur
C.
Cochin
D.
New Delhi
Answer: _________
Question 304:
Flower cluster of tomato is known as
A.
Umbel
B.
Hip
C.
Spadix
D.
Truss
Answer: _________
Question 305:
Optimum seed rate of onion to get desired plant population (kg/ha)
A.
8 - 10
B.
20 - 25
C.
10 - 15
D.
1 - 5
Answer: _________
Question 306:
In green vegetables, the limiting amino acid is
A.
Methionine
B.
Lysine
C.
Arginine
D.
Tryptophan
Answer: _________
Question 307:
Grafted mango becomes ready for transplanting
A.
Very late
B.
Never
C.
Early
D.
Late
Answer: _________
Question 308:
Which of the following pea variety is the shortest duration variety?
A.
Arkel
B.
Bonneville
C.
Asauji
D.
Azad Pea
Answer: _________
Question 309:
Pinching is important in the cultivation of which crop?
A.
Carnation
B.
Rose
C.
Jasmine
D.
Gladiolus
Answer: _________
Question 310:
Pick the climacteric vegetable.
A.
Chilli
B.
Pumpkin
C.
Cucumber
D.
Muskmelon
Answer: _________
Question 311:
Which of the following fruits contains the highest amount of Ascorbic Acid?
A.
Grapes
B.
Aonla
C.
Apple
D.
Orange
Answer: _________
Question 312:
Ideal conditions for storing onions is
A.
5°C, 85% RH
B.
5°C, 60% RH
C.
0°C, 70% RH
D.
0°C, 85% RH
Answer: _________
Question 313:
For getting optimum plant population of chilli how much seed will be required (Kg/ha)
A.
2.0 - 2.5
B.
1.5 - 2.0
C.
3.0 - 4.5
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 314:
A dwarf root stock of apple is
A.
M-9
B.
M-13
C.
M-12
D.
M-25
Answer: _________
Question 315:
First earthing in potato should be done . . . . . . . . days after planting to provide optimum space for tuberization.
A.
20 - 25
B.
30 - 35
C.
38 - 45
D.
40 - 50
Answer: _________
Question 316:
Harvesting stage for datepalm grown in India is
A.
Hababouk
B.
Chimri
C.
Doka
D.
Dang
Answer: _________
Question 317:
Commonly used refrigerant in India is
A.
Calcium
B.
Sodium acetate
C.
Ammonia
D.
Methane
Answer: _________
Question 318:
Tijarti is a F 1 hybrid of
A.
Bottle gourd
B.
Bittergourd
C.
Watermelon
D.
Pumpkin
Answer: _________
Question 319:
Immature pods of criollo cocoa are
A.
Green colored
B.
Red colored
C.
Orange colored
D.
Yellow colored
Answer: _________
Question 320:
Which of the following tomato variety are resistant to fruit borer?
A.
Pusa Uphar
B.
BT-10
C.
BT-1
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 321:
Marigold originated in
A.
Eurasia
B.
Mexico
C.
China
D.
India
Answer: _________
Question 322:
Daria method of cultivation is followed in which vegetable crop?
A.
Cucurbits
B.
Cole crops
C.
Tubers
D.
Root crops
Answer: _________
Question 323:
Ricyness in cauliflower is due to
A.
Growing in rice field
B.
Unfavorable temperature
C.
No deficiency
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 324:
Cymbopogon flexuosus is
A.
Java citronella
B.
Jammu lemongrass
C.
West Indian lemongrass
D.
East Indian lemongrass
Answer: _________
Question 325:
Pragati is the variety of brinjal developed crossing between
A.
Vaishali and Manjari Gota
B.
Arka Kushumkar and Manjari Gota
C.
PPC and Pusa Kranti
D.
Jamuni Gole and Pant Rituraj
Answer: _________
Question 326:
Gerbera variety suitable for cultivation under open conditions is
A.
YCD-1
B.
Sunset
C.
Arka Krishika
D.
Arka Gold
Answer: _________
Question 327:
The yellow colour in onion is due to the pigment
A.
Carotene
B.
Quercetin
C.
Lycopene
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 328:
Blue mould rot in Citrus fruits is caused by
A.
Penicillium digitatum
B.
Penicillium italicum
C.
Penicillium notatum
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 329:
Panama disease of banana is prevented by
A.
Spraying copper fungicide
B.
Spraying zinc carrier
C.
Application of lime to the soil
D.
Providing adequate irrigation
Answer: _________
Question 330:
Deficiency of which vitamin causes Beribery?
A.
Vitamin-A
B.
Vitamin-B1
C.
Vitamin-B2
D.
Vitamin-B3
Answer: _________
Question 331:
For synthesis of IAA in plants, . . . . . . . . mineral is essential.
A.
Zinc
B.
Copper
C.
Calcium
D.
Manganese
Answer: _________
Question 332:
Hybrid produced by crossing Dashehari and Neelum is
A.
Manjira
B.
Amrapali
C.
Ratna
D.
Sindhu
Answer: _________
Question 333:
Central Food Laboratory (CFL) is located at
A.
Mysore
B.
Kolkata
C.
Chennai
D.
Hyderabad
Answer: _________
Question 334:
Indoles that help in cancer prevention are found in
A.
Cucurbitaceous crops
B.
Solaneceous crops
C.
Cole crops
D.
Leguminous crops
Answer: _________
Question 335:
Quarantine inspection of Agricultural and Horticultural plants is carried out by
A.
Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata
B.
Forest Research Institute, Dehradun
C.
Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi
D.
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi
Answer: _________
Question 336:
Which of the following Asiatic variety of radish?
A.
Pusa Chetki
B.
Pusa Himani
C.
Scarlet Globe
D.
Scarlet Long
Answer: _________
Question 337:
In 1949, Government of India started vegetable breeding station at
A.
Kullu
B.
Manali
C.
Katrain
D.
Varanasi
Answer: _________
Question 338:
Arka Ananya, a variety of tomato having combined resistance to . . . . . . . . and . . . . . . . .
A.
LCV and BW
B.
LCV and PM
C.
PM and BW
D.
PM and Thrips
Answer: _________
Question 339:
Process of removal of gases from the can prior sealing is called
A.
Blanching
B.
Exhausting
C.
Lacquering
D.
Heat processing
Answer: _________
Question 340:
The term 'recon' was coined by
A.
Morgan
B.
Benzer
C.
Bridges
D.
Mullar
Answer: _________
Question 341:
Dormancy in potato can be break by use of
A.
Thiourea
B.
Ethylene chlorohydrin
C.
Potasium thiocynate
D.
All of these
Answer: _________
Question 342:
Main aromatic component in Clove is
A.
Camphor
B.
Geranoil
C.
Eugenol
D.
Cineol
Answer: _________
Question 343:
The stem above the ground in banana is known as
A.
Rhizome
B.
Pseudostem
C.
Sucker
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 344:
Most ancient type of vegetable garden is
A.
Market garden
B.
Kitchen garden
C.
Home garden
D.
Both B and C
Answer: _________
Question 345:
Fruits of vegetable marrow are ready for 1 st picking after
A.
40 - 50 days
B.
60 - 80 days
C.
80 - 100 days
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 346:
Bolting problem in onion occur when temperature goes below
A.
25°C
B.
20°C
C.
15°C
D.
10°C
Answer: _________
Question 347:
Sree Dhara is a variety of
A.
Yam
B.
Rubarb
C.
Celery
D.
Chinese potato
Answer: _________
Question 348:
1 st Hybrid tea rose variety developed was
A.
La France
B.
La Paquerette
C.
Paradise
D.
Lamarque
Answer: _________
Question 349:
The nutrient involved in oil-biosynthesis is
A.
Calcium
B.
Magnesium
C.
Molybdenum
D.
Sulphur
Answer: _________
Question 350:
Sweet potato belongs to family
A.
Palmae
B.
Convolvulaceae
C.
Solanaceae
D.
Scrophullrceae
Answer: _________
Question 351:
Triploid species of Citrus is
A.
Citrus limon
B.
Citrus pseudlemon
C.
Citrus latifolia
D.
Citrus medica
Answer: _________
Question 352:
Guava bears fruits on
A.
Current season growth
B.
Old season growth
C.
Mixed bearing
D.
Spurs
Answer: _________
Question 353:
Monoembryoic variety of Mandarin is
A.
Temple
B.
Clementine
C.
Satsuma
D.
Khashi
Answer: _________
Question 354:
Storing of seeds at freezing temperature is
A.
Orthodox
B.
Recalcitrant
C.
Ex-situ conservation
D.
In-situ conservation
Answer: _________
Question 355:
Deficiency of which vitamin causes night blindness?
A.
Vitamin-A
B.
Vitamin-B
C.
Vitamin-C
D.
Vitamin-E
Answer: _________
Question 356:
The yellow colour in tomato is due to
A.
Carotene
B.
Anthocyanin
C.
Lycopene
D.
Solanin
Answer: _________
Question 357:
The botanical family of Lotus is
A.
Alliaceae
B.
Nymphaceae
C.
Liliaceae
D.
Luteaceae
Answer: _________
Question 358:
Punjab Barsati is a cultivar of
A.
Brinjal
B.
Onion
C.
Garlic
D.
Pumpkin
Answer: _________
Question 359:
Richest source of Vitamin 'A' is
A.
Ripe mango fruit
B.
Cabbage
C.
Ripe guava fruit
D.
Ripe tomato fruit
Answer: _________
Question 360:
. . . . . . . . is known as "Vegetable of Immense Value."
A.
Ash gourd
B.
Pumpkin
C.
Cucumber
D.
Little gourd
Answer: _________
Question 361:
Directorate of Mushroom Research (DMR) is situated at . . . . . . . .
A.
Solan, Himachal Pradesh
B.
Nagpur, Maharashtra
C.
Kolkata, West Bengal
D.
Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Answer: _________
Question 362:
Each beetroot fruit contain 2 - 6 seeds, hence requires
A.
Thinning
B.
Weeding
C.
Hoeing
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 363:
Introduction of genes coding for Bacillus thuringenesis insecticidal crystal protein confer resistance to
A.
Insects
B.
Bacteria
C.
Fungi
D.
Virus
Answer: _________
Question 364:
'Vegetable Science' journal is published from
A.
New Delhi
B.
Bengaluru
C.
Taiwan
D.
Varanasi
Answer: _________
Question 365:
The first synthetic cabbage variety was recommended in the year
A.
1990
B.
1991
C.
1992
D.
1993
Answer: _________
Question 366:
Apple is a type of
A.
Samara
B.
Achene
C.
Caryopsis
D.
False fruit
Answer: _________
Question 367:
Tag colour of breeder seed is
A.
Golden yellow
B.
Azure blue
C.
White
D.
Opal green
Answer: _________
Question 368:
Pest posing problem to mango export is
A.
Mango mealy bug
B.
Fruit fly
C.
Gall midge
D.
Mango hopper
Answer: _________
Question 369:
In flowering plants, each anther has . . . . . . . . number(s) of pollen sac(s).
A.
1
B.
2
C.
3
D.
4
Answer: _________
Question 370:
Kunwari, Giant Snow Ball and Pusa synthetic are varieties of
A.
Brinjal
B.
Knol-Khol
C.
Cabbage
D.
Cauliflower
Answer: _________
Question 371:
Edible banana is
A.
Diploid
B.
Triploid
C.
Polyploid
D.
Tetraploids
Answer: _________
Question 372:
Varsha upahar is a variety of
A.
Okra
B.
Brinjal
C.
Radish
D.
Chilli
Answer: _________
Question 373:
Indian Society of Vegetable Science was established in . . . . . . . .
A.
1945
B.
1990
C.
1973
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 374:
Chrysanthemum species that is used for extraction of Pyrethrum is
A.
C. morifolium
B.
C. coronarium
C.
C. cinerarifolium
D.
C. frutescens
Answer: _________
Question 375:
Aroma containing compound in potato is
A.
Dimethyl pyrazine
B.
Dimethyl disulphide
C.
Iso-thiocyanate
D.
Non-adienal
Answer: _________
Question 376:
. . . . . . . . is the most convenient method of classification of vegetables.
A.
Botanical classification
B.
Based on hardiness
C.
Based on culture
D.
Based on parts used
Answer: _________
Question 377:
The most susceptible fruit crop to water logging is
A.
Erucic acid
B.
Mango
C.
Papaya
D.
Banana
Answer: _________
Question 378:
Preservative used in canning of mango pulp is
A.
Citric acid
B.
Potassium metabisulphate
C.
Sugar
D.
Sodium benzoate
Answer: _________
Question 379:
Edible portion in Elephant Foot Yam is
A.
Modified stem
B.
Modified root
C.
Modified tap root
D.
Modified adventitious root
Answer: _________
Question 380:
Bajrang and Swarna are the cultivars of
A.
Cabbage
B.
Cauliflower
C.
Chilli
D.
Kale
Answer: _________
Question 381:
Tag colour of foundation seed is
A.
Golden yellow
B.
Azure blue
C.
White
D.
Opal green
Answer: _________
Question 382:
Edible portion in knol-kohl is
A.
Modified inflorescence
B.
Leaves
C.
Root
D.
Swollen stem
Answer: _________
Question 383:
AGMARK (grading and marketing) act was passed in . . . . . . . . year.
A.
1930
B.
1935
C.
1937
D.
1947
Answer: _________
Question 384:
Granulation is a physiological disorder of
A.
Sapota
B.
Citrus
C.
Litchi
D.
Loquat
Answer: _________
Question 385:
Which of the following fruits are indigenous to India
A.
Mango, Banana
B.
Bael, Jack fruit
C.
Aonla, Phalsa
D.
All of these
Answer: _________
Question 386:
Pollen grains are in . . . . . . . . stage at the time of pollination.
A.
Binucleate
B.
Uninucleate
C.
Tetrad
D.
Triploid
Answer: _________
Question 387:
Passion fruit is a
A.
Short day plant
B.
Long day plant
C.
Day neutral plant
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 388:
The richest source of iron is
A.
Banana
B.
Spinach
C.
Pea
D.
Orange
Answer: _________
Question 389:
Hill soils are deficient in
A.
Potassium
B.
Nitrogen
C.
Phosphorus
D.
Calcium
Answer: _________
Question 390:
Optimum seed rate for marigold is (kg/ha)
A.
1.5
B.
2.0
C.
0.5
D.
3.0
Answer: _________
Question 391:
Wax coating treatments enhances the shelf life of fruits because it blocks
A.
Transpiration
B.
Respiration
C.
Photosynthesis
D.
Ripening process
Answer: _________
Question 392:
Manganese deficiency causes marsh spot in pea. This disorder is prevalent in which type of soil?
A.
Acid
B.
Calcareous
C.
Alkaline
D.
Neutral
Answer: _________
Question 393:
Indian Institute of Crop Processing Technology (IICPT) is located at
A.
Mysore
B.
Kolkata
C.
Chennai
D.
Thanjavur
Answer: _________
Question 394:
Pruning in ber is done
A.
During summer
B.
During rainy
C.
During spring
D.
During winter
Answer: _________
Question 395:
Which Nitrogenous fertilizers is considered suitable for pineapple?
A.
Urea
B.
C. A. N.
C.
Ammonium sulphate
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 396:
Optimum seed rate for beet root (Chukandar) is (kg/ha)
A.
14 - 16
B.
6 - 9
C.
10 - 12
D.
5 - 10
Answer: _________
Question 397:
Wind breaks are planted in orchards towards
A.
South West
B.
North West
C.
South East
D.
North South
Answer: _________
Question 398:
Hermaphrodite variety of ridge gourd is
A.
Pusa Nasdar
B.
Arka Vikram
C.
Satputia
D.
Punjab Sadabahar
Answer: _________
Question 399:
Cells without cell wall are termed as
A.
Chloroplast
B.
Protoplast
C.
Protoplastics
D.
Chromoplast
Answer: _________
Question 400:
Improved variety of cinnamon is
A.
IISR- Nithyashree
B.
Rajendra Swathi
C.
IISR Vijetha
D.
IISR Varada
Answer: _________
Question 401:
Commercial source for tartaric acid extraction is
A.
Tamarind
B.
Grapes
C.
Acid lime
D.
Citron
Answer: _________
Question 402:
Which is the anti-gibberellin factor?
A.
Cycocel
B.
BA
C.
Cultar
D.
IBA
Answer: _________
Question 403:
Which of the following is not a self pollinated vegetables
A.
Brinjal
B.
Cowpea
C.
Chilli
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 404:
Inflorescence of Anthurium is
A.
Spadix
B.
Raceme
C.
Cyme
D.
Hypanthodium
Answer: _________
Question 405:
Basrai Dwarf and Amrit Sagar are the varieties of fruits because it blocks of
A.
Banana
B.
Papaya
C.
Litchi
D.
Guava
Answer: _________
Question 406:
Major alkaloid in coleus is
A.
Forskholin
B.
Ajmalicine
C.
Reserpine
D.
Colchicine
Answer: _________
Question 407:
Resistance breeding is done by
A.
Hybridization
B.
Back crossing
C.
Mass selection
D.
Pedigree selection
Answer: _________
Question 408:
Kinnow is basically a
A.
Tangerine
B.
Tangor
C.
Mandarin
D.
Citrange
Answer: _________
Question 409:
Tapping of young female inflorescence in palmyrah is called
A.
Aripani
B.
Thattupalai
C.
Vallupanai
D.
Kaivetty
Answer: _________
Question 410:
Almond is originated from which center of origin
A.
Asia minor
B.
American
C.
Chinese
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 411:
Seed plantation for production of Naturally crossed dwarf seedling of coconut is located at
A.
Kochin
B.
Puttur
C.
Kidu
D.
Chintamani
Answer: _________
Question 412:
The restricting temperature for growth of broad leaved evergreen trees is
A.
5°C
B.
8°C
C.
10°C
D.
13°C
Answer: _________
Question 413:
Celery belongs to the botanical family
A.
Apiaceae
B.
Alliaceae
C.
Asteraceae
D.
Aizoaceae
Answer: _________
Question 414:
Colour of Pusa Sweti variety of turnip is
A.
White
B.
Red
C.
Golden
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 415:
Fruit crop suitable for high soil pH
A.
Aonla
B.
Guava
C.
Mango
D.
Ber
Answer: _________
Question 416:
Pusa early dwarf is an improved variety of
A.
Orange
B.
Guava
C.
Strawberry
D.
Litchi
Answer: _________
Question 417:
Plant Introduction Scheme, headed by Dr. Harbhajan Singh that marked the beginning of systematic evolution of exotic and indigenous vegetable varieties was started at IARI during . . . . . . . .
A.
1947 - 48
B.
1950 - 51
C.
1954 - 55
D.
1967 - 68
Answer: _________
Question 418:
High production in protected cultivation is due to
A.
High photosynthetic efficiency
B.
High temperature
C.
High O 2
D.
Low temperature
Answer: _________
Question 419:
Most common training system of apple in India is
A.
Open Centre
B.
Modified leader
C.
Spindle bush system
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 420:
Higher lycopene synthesis is seen in tomato at a temperature of
A.
21° - 24°C
B.
25° - 27°C
C.
16° - 20°C
D.
10° - 14°C
Answer: _________
Question 421:
Almost all vegetables belong to division
A.
Gymnosperms
B.
Angiosperms
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 422:
Global diversity of vegetable crops consists of about
A.
200 spp.
B.
400 spp.
C.
300 spp.
D.
500 spp.
Answer: _________
Question 423:
Viviparous germination is seen in
A.
Chow-chow
B.
Bitter gourd
C.
Watermelon
D.
Sponge gourd
Answer: _________
Question 424:
Papaya is rich in
A.
Vitamin A
B.
Vitamin B
C.
Vitamin E
D.
Vitamin D
Answer: _________
Question 425:
Which of the following vegetable is not transplanted?
A.
Tomato
B.
Cabbage
C.
Radish
D.
Brinjal
Answer: _________
Question 426:
Vegetable that is a rich source of ascorbic acid is
A.
Chilli
B.
Cabbage
C.
Potato
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 427:
Potato tubers cotains less then . . . . . . . . mg solanine per 100 g fresh weight is considered safe for human consumption
A.
20
B.
12
C.
15
D.
10
Answer: _________
Question 428:
"Pungency" in chilli is due to presence of
A.
Capsaicin
B.
Sulphur
C.
Amides
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 429:
Indicator plant for tristeza virus in citrus is
A.
Citrus timmetoides
B.
C. aurantifolia
C.
C. reticulata
D.
C. paradisi
Answer: _________
Question 430:
The modern method of propagation of 'Guava' is
A.
Budding
B.
Air layering
C.
Incharging
D.
Stooling
Answer: _________
Question 431:
Conditioning of cut flowers is done to
A.
Restore turgidity
B.
Open buds
C.
Maintain bloom
D.
Cool the stems
Answer: _________
Question 432:
Method of training for kiwi fruit is
A.
T-bar system
B.
Pergola system
C.
Head system
D.
Kniffin system
Answer: _________
Question 433:
'Sui generis' is a Latin phrase which means
A.
A new system
B.
A secure system
C.
A conventional system
D.
A system of it's own
Answer: _________
Question 434:
Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched
A.
Stone grafting - Mango
B.
Cutting - Strawberry
C.
Tongue grafting - Apple
D.
Ring budding - Jujube
Answer: _________
Question 435:
Malling Merton series is related to
A.
Apple varieties
B.
Apple rootstocks
C.
Peach varieties
D.
Peach rotstocks
Answer: _________
Question 436:
Tag colour of truthfully labeled seed (TFL) is
A.
Golden yellow
B.
Azure blue
C.
White
D.
Opal green
Answer: _________
Question 437:
Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI) is located in . . . . . . . .
A.
Lucknow
B.
Jodhpur
C.
Trichy
D.
Nagpur
Answer: _________
Question 438:
Black rot resistant cabbage variety is
A.
Pusa Sambandh
B.
Pusa Mukta
C.
Pusa Ageti
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 439:
Seed production method followed in cabbage for higher seed yield is
A.
Head intact method
B.
Stump method
C.
Core intact method
D.
Any of the above
Answer: _________
Question 440:
. . . . . . . . pest of potato attacks the tuber in both field and storage.
A.
Potato aphid
B.
Lady bird beetle
C.
Potato black cut worm
D.
Potato tuber moth
Answer: _________
Question 441:
Bougainvillea variety with variegated foliage is
A.
Cherry blossom
B.
Thimma
C.
Partha
D.
Stanza
Answer: _________
Question 442:
Almost all vegetables belong to sub-community
A.
Spermatophyte
B.
Bryophyte
C.
Pteridophyte
D.
Thalopyhte
Answer: _________
Question 443:
Pusa Kranti is brinjal, while Arka Kranti is . . . . . . . .
A.
Cabbage
B.
Cauliflower
C.
Tomato
D.
Capsicum
Answer: _________
Question 444:
Non-astringent variety of persimmon are
A.
Jiro
B.
Fuyu
C.
Neither A nor B
D.
Both A and B
Answer: _________
Question 445:
. . . . . . . . is the thermo-sensitive vitamin.
A.
Vitamin-A
B.
Vitamin-B
C.
Vitamin-C
D.
Vitamin-D
Answer: _________
Question 446:
Which chemical acts as an aid for mechanical harvesting
A.
ABA
B.
GA 3
C.
Ethephon
D.
IAA
Answer: _________
Question 447:
Botanical name of Mango ginger is
A.
Curcuma longa
B.
Curcuma aromatic
C.
Curcuma angustifolia
D.
Curcuma amada
Answer: _________
Question 448:
Leaf scorching in Mango is due to
A.
Chloride toxicity
B.
Nitrogen deficiency
C.
P deficiency
D.
N deficiency
Answer: _________
Question 449:
The world collection of sweet potato germplasm is maintained in
A.
Peru
B.
China
C.
New Zealand
D.
Australia
Answer: _________
Question 450:
Cucumber hybrid developed using gynoecious lines is
A.
Japanese long green
B.
Pusa Uday
C.
Sheetal
D.
Pusa Sanyog
Answer: _________
Question 451:
Which one of the following is the gynodioecions cultivar of papaya?
A.
Ranchi
B.
Pusa Dwarf
C.
Pusa Giant
D.
Pusa Majesty
Answer: _________
Question 452:
% of outcrossing in autogamous crops is
A.
> 5%
B.
5 - 10%
C.
< 5%
D.
> 10%
Answer: _________
Question 453:
Pollination behaviour of Robusta coffee is
A.
Self pollinated
B.
Cross pollinated
C.
Partially self pollinated
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 454:
Little leaf in brinjal is caused by
A.
Zn-deficiency
B.
Bacteria
C.
Mycoplasma
D.
Virus
Answer: _________
Question 455:
In floating garden, floating base is prepared from the roots of . . . . . . . .
A.
Mimosa pudica
B.
Sakaranda grass (Erianthus arundinaceus)
C.
Typha grass
D.
Any of the above
Answer: _________
Question 456:
Black tip of mango is caused by
A.
Virus
B.
Fungus
C.
Bacterium
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 457:
Pungency in garlic is due to
A.
Isothiocynates
B.
Allyl propyl disulphide
C.
Diallyl disulphide
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 458:
Medicinal plant with antiobesity property is
A.
Guggal
B.
Ashwagandha
C.
Senna
D.
Isabgol
Answer: _________
Question 459:
Which is the drought resistant crop?
A.
Sweet potato
B.
Okra
C.
Cauliflower
D.
Potato
Answer: _________
Question 460:
Maximum concentration of invert sugar in Jam should not exceed
A.
40%
B.
45%
C.
50%
D.
63%
Answer: _________
Question 461:
Horticultural Society of India (HSI) was set up in 1942 at . . . . . . . .
A.
Bengaluru
B.
Pusa
C.
Varanasi
D.
Shimla
Answer: _________
Question 462:
Spice Board works under Ministry of
A.
Agriculture
B.
Horticulture
C.
Commerce
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 463:
Budding is most commonly done when there is
A.
Good sap flow in the plants
B.
No sap flow in the plants
C.
Early initiation of growth in the plants
D.
Late initiation of growth in the plants
Answer: _________
Question 464:
Sweet banana is a variety of
A.
Apple
B.
Capsicum
C.
Tomato
D.
Sweet potato
Answer: _________
Question 465:
The Queen of tropical fruits is
A.
Kokum
B.
Rambutan
C.
Grapes
D.
Mangosteen
Answer: _________
Question 466:
International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) was established in . . . . . . . . at Geneva, Switzerland.
A.
1921
B.
1922
C.
1923
D.
1924
Answer: _________
Question 467:
Pungency in onion is to due presence of
A.
Allyl propyl disulphide
B.
Diallyl disulphide
C.
Isothiocyanate
D.
Capsaicin
Answer: _________
Question 468:
Pusa Rohini is the variety of
A.
Chilli
B.
Tomato
C.
Potato
D.
Brinjal
Answer: _________
Question 469:
Plant suitable for edge is
A.
Inga dulcis
B.
Lawsonia inermis
C.
Iresine
D.
Acacia
Answer: _________
Question 470:
Quantitative traits having low heritability are improved by using
A.
Pedigree selection
B.
Recurrent selection
C.
Mass selection
D.
Pure line selection
Answer: _________
Question 471:
Determination of pectin content is done using
A.
Lactometer
B.
Refractometer
C.
Jelmeter
D.
Spectrophotometer
Answer: _________
Question 472:
Improved variety of medicinal yam is
A.
Marusudha
B.
Arka Sanjeevini
C.
Arka Komal
D.
Arka Upkar
Answer: _________
Question 473:
Fenugreek is diploid with chromosome number
A.
2n = 14
B.
2n = 12
C.
2n = 16
D.
2n = 18
Answer: _________
Question 474:
In budding and grafting the union between stock and scion take place through
A.
Cortex
B.
Xylem
C.
Phloem
D.
Cambium
Answer: _________
Question 475:
Amaranth species that is called as Badi Chauli is
A.
Hypochondriacus
B.
Tricolor
C.
Blitum
D.
Caudatus
Answer: _________
Question 476:
International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) is located at . . . . . . . .
A.
Aleppo, Syria
B.
Nairobi, Kenya
C.
Hyderabad, India
D.
Paris, France
Answer: _________
Question 477:
Which of the following vegetables crops is a day neutral crop?
A.
Tomato
B.
Radish
C.
Lettuce
D.
Cabbage
Answer: _________
Question 478:
Citrus species, resistant to canker is
A.
Citrus aurantifolia
B.
Citrus paradisi
C.
Citrus limonia
D.
Citrus harna
Answer: _________
Question 479:
If the immature potato tubers are harvested, the outer tissues are rapidly loosened. This disorder of potato is termed as . . . . . . . .
A.
Greening
B.
Hollow heart
C.
Internal breakdown
D.
Feathering
Answer: _________
Question 480:
Which of the following root crop is the most useful for intercrop and companion planting?
A.
Turnip
B.
Carrot
C.
Radish
D.
Beetroot
Answer: _________
Question 481:
Application of . . . . . . . . PPM GA 3 at 2 and 4 true leaf stage in cucumber promotes the induction of male flower.
A.
200 - 300
B.
100 - 200
C.
50 - 100
D.
1500 - 2000
Answer: _________
Question 482:
The crop showing greatest inbreeding depression is
A.
Onion
B.
Lettuce
C.
Tomato
D.
Limabean
Answer: _________
Question 483:
Phalsa belongs to the botanical family
A.
Asteraceae
B.
Meliaceae
C.
Tiliaceae
D.
Rosaceae
Answer: _________
Question 484:
Largest producer of cauliflower is
A.
China
B.
Kenya
C.
India
D.
Australia
Answer: _________
Question 485:
Oil palm is pollinated by
A.
Honey bee
B.
Weevil
C.
Bumblebee
D.
Wasp
Answer: _________
Question 486:
Major post harvest problem in Gerbera is
A.
Bent neck
B.
Bullhead
C.
Calyx splitting
D.
Conking
Answer: _________
Question 487:
Pant shubhra and pusa shubhra are the varieties of
A.
Cauliflower
B.
Tomato
C.
Cabbage
D.
Brinjal
Answer: _________
Question 488:
Which one of the following is the F 1 hybrid of tomato?
A.
Mangla
B.
S-12
C.
S-152
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 489:
The chemical commercially used for prevention of sprouting in potato during storage is
A.
Calcium chloride
B.
Calcium carbide
C.
CIPC
D.
CEPA
Answer: _________
Question 490:
Pectin is measured by
A.
Jelmeter
B.
Thermometer
C.
Refractometer
D.
Lactometer
Answer: _________
Question 491:
Garlic contain amino acid
A.
Alliin
B.
Allicin
C.
Diallyl disulphide
D.
Allinage
Answer: _________
Question 492:
First picking in bittergourd can be done after
A.
50 - 60 days
B.
70 - 80 days
C.
80 - 90 days
D.
90 - 110 days
Answer: _________
Question 493:
Commercial rootstock of sweet cherry is
A.
Tetra
B.
Mahaleb
C.
Colt
D.
Mazzard
Answer: _________
Question 494:
Welsh and Grimbell in 1947 1 st reported male sterility in
A.
Radish
B.
Carrot
C.
Onion
D.
Cucumber
Answer: _________
Question 495:
'Petha' is made from
A.
Ash gourd
B.
Sponge gourd
C.
Pumpkin
D.
Squash
Answer: _________
Question 496:
Match List-I (Vegetable Crops) with List-II (Insect Pests) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists. List I (Vegetable Crops) List II (Insect Pests) a. Cauliflower 1. Thrips b. Chilli 2. Diamond back moth c. Okra 3. Cut worm d. Potato 4. Shoot and fruit borer
A.
a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
B.
a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4
C.
a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
D.
a-1, b-2, c-4, d-3
Answer: _________
Question 497:
Pusa Early Dwarf, Pusa Ruby and Angurlata are improved varieties of
A.
Onion
B.
Tomato
C.
Brinjal
D.
Cabbage
Answer: _________
Question 498:
Floating gardening is very much common in . . . . . . . . state.
A.
Himachal Pradesh
B.
Kerala
C.
Tamil Nadu
D.
Jammu and Kashmir
Answer: _________
Question 499:
Bean used for making wine is
A.
Lima bean
B.
Broad bean
C.
Winged bean
D.
Sword bean
Answer: _________
Question 500:
The seed requirement for carrot cultivation is
A.
2 - 4 kg/ha
B.
5 - 6 kg/ha
C.
9 - 10 kg/ha
D.
1 - 2 kg/ha
Answer: _________
Question 501:
"Bulletin of Vegetable Crop Research" is published from
A.
USA
B.
Taiwan
C.
Poland
D.
India
Answer: _________
Question 502:
Universal donor variety of cherry is
A.
Vega
B.
Stella
C.
Vista
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 503:
Raw material for synthesis for Synthetic Vitamin-A is
A.
Geranium
B.
Citronella
C.
Lemongrass
D.
Palmarosa
Answer: _________
Question 504:
Sympodial Orchid is
A.
Aerides
B.
Aranda
C.
Cattleya
D.
Vanda
Answer: _________
Question 505:
Mineral found abundantly in bitter gourd is
A.
Mg
B.
Ca
C.
K
D.
Fe
Answer: _________
Question 506:
Which of the following vegetable rich in iron?
A.
Bottle gourd
B.
Bitter gourd
C.
Round gourd
D.
Cowpea
Answer: _________
Question 507:
Acetic acid content in Tomato sauce is
A.
0.2%
B.
0.5%
C.
1.2%
D.
2%
Answer: _________
Question 508:
Indian Farming is a publication of
A.
IARI, New Delhi
B.
CAZRI, Jodhpur
C.
ICRISAT, Hyderabad
D.
ICAR, New Delhi
Answer: _________
Question 509:
Hen and chicken is a disorder of
A.
Guava
B.
Grape
C.
Litchi
D.
Banana
Answer: _________
Question 510:
Arka Harit is a cultivar of
A.
Bittergourd
B.
Bottle gourd
C.
Amaranthus
D.
Brinjal
Answer: _________
Question 511:
Propagation of annual drumstick is done by
A.
Root cuttings
B.
Grafting
C.
Limb Cuttings
D.
Seeds
Answer: _________
Question 512:
Which of the following is a tropical type carrot cultivar?
A.
Zeno
B.
Ooty-1
C.
Pusa yamadagni
D.
Sel no. 29
Answer: _________
Question 513:
Which growth regulator is a substitute for low chilling treatment?
A.
Auxin
B.
Cytokinin
C.
Gibberellin
D.
ABA
Answer: _________
Question 514:
Running water, high protecting wall, terminal building and Baradari are the important parts of
A.
Mughal garden
B.
English garden
C.
Persian garden
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 515:
Which of the following is a parthenocarpic for jam making grape variety
A.
Perlette
B.
Arka hans
C.
Black corianth
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 516:
When is Slaughter tapping done in rubber?
A.
Once a month
B.
Once a year
C.
Twice a year
D.
Prior to replacing plantation
Answer: _________
Question 517:
Type of parthenocarpy in sindhu variety of Mango is
A.
Stenospermocarpy
B.
Vegetative
C.
Stimulative
D.
All of these
Answer: _________
Question 518:
Onion bulbs are stored well at
A.
0° to 1°C
B.
5° to 10°C
C.
8° to 10°C
D.
15° to 20°C
Answer: _________
Question 519:
Central Temperate Horticulture Research Institute is situated at . . . . . . . .
A.
Lucknow
B.
Srinagar
C.
Bengaluru
D.
Varanasi
Answer: _________
Question 520:
Best method of vegetative propagation in Aonla is
A.
Veneer grafting
B.
Air layering
C.
Chip budding
D.
Patch budding
Answer: _________
Question 521:
Commonly used preservative in tomato ketchup is
A.
Citric acid
B.
SO 2
C.
Benzoic acid
D.
KMS
Answer: _________
Question 522:
Sodium benzoate is added for the preservation of fruit juice in the concentration of
A.
0.02 - 0.5%
B.
0.06 - 0.10%
C.
1.5 - 2.5%
D.
0.01 - 0.4%
Answer: _________
Question 523:
The upper stem of banana is called
A.
Rhizome
B.
Suckers
C.
Pseudostem
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 524:
French Breakfast, Pusa Chetki, Arka Nishant and Bombay Red are the varieties of
A.
Carrot
B.
Radish
C.
Beet root
D.
Turnip
Answer: _________
Question 525:
Arka Pink star is a variety of
A.
Chrysanthemum
B.
Gladiolus
C.
China aster
D.
Rose
Answer: _________
Question 526:
Rosette formation is due to the deficiency of
A.
Mn
B.
Zn
C.
Cu
D.
Mo
Answer: _________
Question 527:
Fire blight of pear is caused by
A.
Virus
B.
Bacteria
C.
Fungus
D.
Nematode
Answer: _________
Question 528:
Harvesting of latex from opium capsules is called
A.
Tapping
B.
Lancing
C.
Peeling
D.
Gleaning
Answer: _________
Question 529:
Auxanometer is used to measure
A.
TSS
B.
Transpiration rate
C.
Acidity
D.
Growth of the plant
Answer: _________
Question 530:
Chemical formula of potassium metabisulphite is
A.
KMS
B.
K 2 S 2 O 5
C.
K 2 SO 2
D.
KSO 2
Answer: _________
Question 531:
The richest source of mineral Selenium is
A.
Walnuts
B.
Dry Karonda
C.
Brazilnuts
D.
Pecan nuts
Answer: _________
Question 532:
Canna is also known as
A.
Spanish lily
B.
Indian shot
C.
Century plant
D.
African lily
Answer: _________
Question 533:
. . . . . . . . plant hormone prevents the mechanism of apical dominance in plants.
A.
Cytokinin
B.
Gibberellin
C.
ABA
D.
Auxin
Answer: _________
Question 534:
CNSL is extracted from
A.
Cocoa
B.
Cashew nut
C.
Coconut
D.
Oil palm
Answer: _________
Question 535:
Acute Magnesium deficiency is seen when ratio is
A.
Lower than 0.5
B.
Above 1.0
C.
Lower than 0.2
D.
Above 3
Answer: _________
Question 536:
Weikang-a processed product is prepared from . . . . . . . .
A.
Cassava
B.
Sweet potato
C.
Bottle gourd
D.
Ash gourd
Answer: _________
Question 537:
Maximum fruit set in brinjal is seen in
A.
Short styled flowers
B.
Pseudo short styled
C.
Medium styles
D.
Long styles
Answer: _________
Question 538:
Much hoeing is not advisable in carrot as the smell of the leaves attracts
A.
Wire worm
B.
Aphid
C.
Fruit fly
D.
Carrot fly
Answer: _________
Question 539:
International Institute of Horticulture is situated in
A.
Brazil
B.
USA
C.
Italy
D.
Canada
Answer: _________
Question 540:
To get desired plant population of french bean, seed rate will be (kg/ha)
A.
60 - 70
B.
70 - 80
C.
85 - 95
D.
110 - 120
Answer: _________
Question 541:
Segmental allopolyploidy is found in
A.
Sweet potato
B.
Carrot
C.
Potato
D.
Radish
Answer: _________
Question 542:
Disease free plants in micropropagation can be obtained through
A.
Anther culture
B.
Micropropagation
C.
Meristem culture
D.
Embryo rescue
Answer: _________
Question 543:
Necrosis susceptible variety of Aonla is
A.
NA-5
B.
Kanchan
C.
Neelum
D.
Francis
Answer: _________
Question 544:
Protandry is a problem in
A.
Mango
B.
Walnut
C.
Guava
D.
Banana
Answer: _________
Question 545:
Fertilizer important for carrot is
A.
K
B.
N
C.
P
D.
Mg
Answer: _________
Question 546:
Carnation variety tolerant to nematodes and fusarium wilt is
A.
Arka Tejas
B.
Arka Flame
C.
Pico
D.
White sim
Answer: _________
Question 547:
Arka Vikas is a cultivar of
A.
Tomato
B.
Pumpkin
C.
Watermelon
D.
Muskmelon
Answer: _________
Question 548:
The weed that causes Asthma is
A.
Hirankhuri
B.
Bathua
C.
Krishna neel
D.
Parthenium
Answer: _________
Question 549:
Brinjal variety that is bicoloured is
A.
Arka Kusumakar
B.
Pusa Kranti
C.
Vaishali
D.
Arka Anand
Answer: _________
Question 550:
The botanical name of cauliflower is
A.
Brassica oleracea var. caulorapa
B.
Brassica oleracea var. batrytis
C.
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
D.
Brassica oleracea var. italica
Answer: _________
Question 551:
In knol-rabi, fleshy edible part is the enlargement of
A.
Stem
B.
Root
C.
Bud
D.
Leaf
Answer: _________
Question 552:
In watermelon, the most important indicator of maturity is
A.
Days after anthesis
B.
Dull sound when fruit is thumped
C.
Metallic sound when fruit is thumped
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 553:
Lantana (Lantana camera) belongs to the family
A.
Luthraceae
B.
Rosaceae
C.
Vervenaceae
D.
Acanthaceae
Answer: _________
Question 554:
Bearing habit of Cocao is
A.
Ranifloros
B.
Axial
C.
Cauliflorous
D.
Terminal
Answer: _________
Question 555:
Cucurbit plants are
A.
Bushes
B.
Trees
C.
Vines
D.
Erect vines
Answer: _________
Question 556:
Double type of marigold is
A.
Arka Nirantara
B.
Suvasini
C.
Rajat Rekha
D.
Prajwal
Answer: _________
Question 557:
In metaphase stage of cell division chromosomes are arranged on
A.
Equatorial plate
B.
Polar plate
C.
Centromere
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 558:
Method followed for the production of inbreds in Self-incompatible lines is
A.
Selfing
B.
Sibbing
C.
Bud pollination
D.
Both B and C
Answer: _________
Question 559:
Cowpea variety that is unaffected by day length is (Photo insensitive)
A.
Pusa Komal
B.
Pusa Mausami
C.
Pusa Dofasli
D.
Pusa Basanti
Answer: _________
Question 560:
Strains of Bt produce toxins, which confer resistance against
A.
Dipteran insects
B.
Coleopteran insects
C.
Lepidopteran larvae
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 561:
Quisqualis indica is a
A.
Climber
B.
Creeper
C.
Shrub
D.
Tree
Answer: _________
Question 562:
Botanically loquat fruit is a
A.
Stone
B.
Sorosis
C.
Pome
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 563:
Public Health Laboratory is located at
A.
Mumbai
B.
Nasik
C.
Pune
D.
Nagpur
Answer: _________
Question 564:
Which of the following radish variety is tropical type?
A.
Pusa Chetki
B.
White Icicle
C.
Scarlet Globe
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 565:
Gladiolus is propagated by which method?
A.
Roots
B.
Bulbs
C.
Stem cutting
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 566:
Plants which become dormant during summer are known as
A.
Deciduous
B.
Evergreen
C.
Caducous
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 567:
Optimum seed rate of garlic (kg/ha) in terms of clove
A.
800 - 1000
B.
500 - 700
C.
400 - 500
D.
100 - 200
Answer: _________
Question 568:
Ploidy level in case of Persimmon is
A.
Diploid
B.
Pentaploid
C.
Hexaploid
D.
Octaploid
Answer: _________
Question 569:
In which crop the adventitious roots are present?
A.
Sweet potato
B.
Carrot
C.
Potato
D.
Radish
Answer: _________
Question 570:
Whip tail of cauliflower is caused by deficiency of
A.
Mo
B.
K
C.
N
D.
B
Answer: _________
Question 571:
Gynodioecious variety of papaya is
A.
Pusa delicious
B.
Pusa dwarf
C.
Pusa giant
D.
Pusa nanha
Answer: _________
Question 572:
Interspecific hybrid variety of tomato is
A.
Pusa Ruby
B.
Pusa Gaurav
C.
Pusa Red plum
D.
Pusa Uphar
Answer: _________
Question 573:
Foliage purpose shrub is
A.
Nycanthes
B.
Acanthus
C.
Croton
D.
Russelia
Answer: _________
Question 574:
Mango malformation is associated with
A.
Mites
B.
Fungus
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 575:
Acidic fruits are packed in
A.
R-enamel cans
B.
C-enameled cans
C.
SR-cans
D.
S-cans
Answer: _________
Question 576:
Black leg of Cabbage is more incident in
A.
Saline soils
B.
Acid soils
C.
Laterite soils
D.
Sodic soil
Answer: _________
Question 577:
D-Ieaf is a best indicator of nutrient status of
A.
Pineapple
B.
Ber
C.
Banana
D.
Mango
Answer: _________
Question 578:
Sago is made from
A.
Potato
B.
Beetroot
C.
Sweet potato
D.
Cassava
Answer: _________
Question 579:
Cultivated single seeded cucurbit is
A.
Chayote
B.
Kakrol
C.
Kartoli
D.
Parwal
Answer: _________
Question 580:
Which of the following fruit is a single seeded nut
A.
Litchi
B.
Dale
C.
Mango
D.
Almond
Answer: _________
Question 581:
Wine flower is caused by
A.
Yeast
B.
Fungi
C.
Bacteria
D.
MLO
Answer: _________
Question 582:
Jobner Green is a high yielding variety of
A.
Indian spinach (beet leaf)
B.
Spinach
C.
Brinjal
D.
Garlic
Answer: _________
Question 583:
Sex form in betel vine is
A.
Monoecious
B.
Dioecious
C.
Andromonoecious
D.
Gynoecious
Answer: _________
Question 584:
Seed longevity (years) is presented. Find out the wrong one.
A.
Lettuce-6
B.
Cucumber-5
C.
Onion-1
D.
Okra-5
Answer: _________
Question 585:
Vitamin abundantly found in rose hips is
A.
Vitamin A
B.
Vitamin B
C.
Vitamin C
D.
Vitamin D
Answer: _________
Question 586:
Pusa Urmi and Pusa Shreya are the latest varieties of
A.
Ash gourd
B.
Pumpkin
C.
Cucumber
D.
Little gourd
Answer: _________
Question 587:
Which country ranked 1 st in export of floricultural products in the world
A.
South America
B.
Netherlands
C.
Pakistan
D.
India
Answer: _________
Question 588:
% of protein in potato is . . . . . . . .
A.
0.5
B.
1.0
C.
1 - 2
D.
2.5
Answer: _________
Question 589:
Which of the following is not a variety of pea?
A.
Azad P-1
B.
Azad P-3
C.
Madhu
D.
Chanchal
Answer: _________
Question 590:
In 1883 late blight of potato was inadvertently introduced in India from
A.
Europe
B.
USA
C.
Mexico
D.
Peru
Answer: _________
Question 591:
September' is the variety of
A.
Cabbage
B.
Knol-khol
C.
Pea
D.
Cauliflower
Answer: _________
Question 592:
All India Coordinated Vegetable Improvement Project (AICVIP) was started in . . . . . . . . and under this, India is divided into 8 operational zones.
A.
1951 - 52
B.
1970 - 71
C.
1968 - 69
D.
1976 - 77
Answer: _________
Question 593:
First variety of Hybrid Teas (H. T.) class of rose is
A.
La France
B.
Tushar
C.
Vasant
D.
Sonia
Answer: _________
Question 594:
Most serious disease of vegetable seedling is
A.
Root rot
B.
Damping off
C.
Bacterial wilt
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 595:
Granulation can be reduced by spraying of
A.
KNO 3
B.
MgSO 4
C.
Lead arsenate
D.
IAA
Answer: _________
Question 596:
Tip-top variety related to
A.
Chilli
B.
Tomato
C.
Brinjal
D.
Cabbage
Answer: _________
Question 597:
Citrus exanthema is caused by
A.
Cu deficiency
B.
Bo deficiency
C.
Fe deficiency
D.
S deficiency
Answer: _________
Question 598:
Asafoetida is harvested by
A.
Cutting and threshing
B.
Distillation
C.
Tapping
D.
Bark peeling
Answer: _________
Question 599:
Which portion of the plant is considered free from viruses
A.
Phloem
B.
Embryo
C.
Meristem
D.
Xylem
Answer: _________
Question 600:
An example for biennial vegetable is
A.
Tomato
B.
Cucumber
C.
Carrot
D.
Peas
Answer: _________
Question 601:
Browning in cauliflower is corrected by
A.
Ammonium molybdate
B.
Boric acid
C.
Zinc sulphate
D.
Urea
Answer: _________
Question 602:
Sweetest sugar in fruit is
A.
Sucrose
B.
Glucose
C.
Fructose
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 603:
Art of training plants into different shapes of birds, domes, animals, umbrellas etc is known as
A.
Topiary
B.
Standard shrubs
C.
Baradari
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 604:
The medicinal plant known as "Second shilajeet" is
A.
Safed musli
B.
Asparagus
C.
Kal Megh
D.
Isabgol
Answer: _________
Question 605:
Pungency in onion is due to
A.
Isothioeynate
B.
Capsacin
C.
Allyl propyl disulphide
D.
None of the abov
Answer: _________
Question 606:
Seed coat related dormancy is observed in
A.
Walnuts
B.
Ber
C.
Guava
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 607:
Botanical Name of Long melon is
A.
Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus
B.
Citrullus colocynthis
C.
Cucumis melo var chito
D.
Cucumis melo var utillissimus
Answer: _________
Question 608:
For biological control of tomato fruit borer, the ideal trap crop is
A.
Marigold
B.
Pea
C.
Onion
D.
Radish
Answer: _________
Question 609:
Iron deficiency in plant is characterised by
A.
Little leaf
B.
Yellowing of new leaves
C.
Interveinal chlorosis of old leaves
D.
Curling of leaves
Answer: _________
Question 610:
International Water Management Institute (IWMI) is located in . . . . . . . .
A.
Sri Lanka
B.
Peru
C.
Philippines
D.
Colombia
Answer: _________
Question 611:
Non cracking seedless variety of litchi is
A.
Rose scented
B.
Swarna Roopa
C.
Muzzagarpur
D.
Darjeeling
Answer: _________
Question 612:
Diamond back moth is the serious pest of
A.
Pea
B.
Tomato
C.
Cauliflower
D.
Bottle gourd
Answer: _________
Question 613:
Lasoda (Cordia mixa) is a minor fruit of-India belongs to family
A.
Myrtaceae
B.
Bromeliaceae
C.
Boraginaceae
D.
Euphorbiaceae
Answer: _________
Question 614:
Plantation crop originally introduced for soil conservation is
A.
Cocoa
B.
Coconut
C.
Cashewnut
D.
Arecanut
Answer: _________
Question 615:
Very shallow rooted (15-30 centimeter) crop is
A.
Onion
B.
Cole crops
C.
Cucumber
D.
Summer squash
Answer: _________
Question 616:
Salt resistant tomato species is
A.
Solanum lycopersicum
B.
Solanum Chilense
C.
Solanum Pimpinellifolium
D.
Solanum cheesmaniae
Answer: _________
Question 617:
A disease having regular occurrence in a particular area is termed as
A.
Endemic
B.
Epidemic
C.
Sporadic
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 618:
Self incompatibility in cole crops is overcome by
A.
Bud pollination
B.
CO 2 Treatment
C.
NaCl spray
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 619:
The blue colour of flowers of Hydron macrophylla as opposed regular pink colour is associated with the presence of which element in soil?
A.
Cu
B.
Al
C.
Fe
D.
Co
Answer: _________
Question 620:
Which one of the following soil type is best for vegetable cultivation?
A.
Sandy
B.
Clay
C.
Sandy-loam
D.
Clay-loam
Answer: _________
Question 621:
Patented chocolate coloured variety of Rose is
A.
Chavelier
B.
Mohini
C.
Meera
D.
Priya
Answer: _________
Question 622:
Ripening mutants rin, nor, Nr are found in which crop?
A.
Muskmelon
B.
Tomato
C.
Chilli
D.
Peas
Answer: _________
Question 623:
Protein is found in abundance in
A.
Cabbage
B.
Bitter gourd
C.
Pea and beans
D.
Watermelon
Answer: _________
Question 624:
vegetables are rich source of
A.
vitamins
B.
proteins
C.
minerals
D.
carbohydrates
Answer: _________
Question 625:
Karonda (Carrisa Carandus) is belongs to family
A.
Apocynaceae
B.
Euphorbiaceae
C.
Ancardiaceae
D.
Palmae
Answer: _________
Question 626:
The Indian Institute of Vegetable Research is located at
A.
Varanasi
B.
Lucknow
C.
Kanpur
D.
Meerut
Answer: _________
Question 627:
Which one is not the variety of banana
A.
Lal vechi
B.
Sardar (L-49)
C.
Poovan
D.
Mauritius
Answer: _________
Question 628:
Kt-1 is a variety of capsicum, while Kt-4 is a variety of . . . . . . . . resistant to bacterial wilt.
A.
Tomato
B.
Chilli
C.
Pea
D.
Brinjal
Answer: _________
Question 629:
Important vegetable crop belonging to the botanical family Asteraceae is
A.
Spinach
B.
Okra
C.
Artichoke
D.
Kale
Answer: _________
Question 630:
Fruit known as Adam's fig is
A.
Apple
B.
Banana
C.
Date palm
D.
Litchi
Answer: _________
Question 631:
Rubber tapping method having 100% intensity is
A.
S 2 d 1
B.
S 3 d 1
C.
S 2 d 3
D.
S 2 d 2
Answer: _________
Question 632:
The botanical name of cabbage is
A.
Brassica oleracea var. capitata
B.
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
C.
Brassica oleracea var. caulorapa
D.
Brassica oleracea var. italica
Answer: _________
Question 633:
Sweetening of potato tubers caused due to
A.
Poorly ventilated storage condition
B.
Tuber maturing in warm sandy soil
C.
Long term tuber storage at 0° - 50°C
D.
Excess irrigation and fertilization in potato field
Answer: _________
Question 634:
Which plant is not a summer annual?
A.
Salvia
B.
Kochia
C.
Coreopsis
D.
Cosmos
Answer: _________
Question 635:
Type of Self-incompatibility observed in tomato is
A.
Sporophytic
B.
Gametophytic
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 636:
Medicinal plant used for extraction of steroids for oral contraceptives preparation is
A.
Medicinal Yam
B.
Isabgol
C.
Ashwagandha
D.
Sarpagandha
Answer: _________
Question 637:
Scientific name of Oyster mushroom is
A.
Pleurotus ostreatus
B.
Volvariella displacia
C.
Agaricus bisporus
D.
Lentinus edodes
Answer: _________
Question 638:
Delayed harvesting in radish may cause
A.
Forking
B.
Pithiness
C.
Deformed root
D.
High pungency
Answer: _________
Question 639:
Which fruit is known as "Miracle fruit of China"
A.
Kiwi fruit
B.
Citrus
C.
Litchi
D.
Guava
Answer: _________
Question 640:
Which of the following is not an anti gibberellin or growth retardant?
A.
Phosfon D
B.
Cycocel
C.
Amo-1618
D.
Benzyl adenine
Answer: _________
Question 641:
Fruit which starts bearing in one year of planting
A.
Mango
B.
Apple
C.
Papaya
D.
Strawberry
Answer: _________
Question 642:
Fruits are blanched before canning at
A.
80°C
B.
100°C
C.
200°C
D.
95°C
Answer: _________
Question 643:
In 1900, potato moth came in to India from
A.
Italy
B.
Ireland
C.
U.S.A
D.
New Zealand
Answer: _________
Question 644:
Treatment to get rid of fruit flies in mango is
A.
Vernalization
B.
Lye treatment
C.
VHT
D.
Pasteurization
Answer: _________
Question 645:
In India the black soil is mostly found in . . . . . . . . State.
A.
Maharashtra
B.
Tamil Nadu
C.
Kerala
D.
Karnataka
Answer: _________
Question 646:
Jasmine sambac is
A.
Joohi
B.
Italian jasmine
C.
Arabian jasmine
D.
Spanish jasmine
Answer: _________
Question 647:
Irish famine was caused by
A.
Phytopthora
B.
Alternaria
C.
Fusarium
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 648:
. . . . . . . . plant hormone promotes the mechanism of apical dominance in plants.
A.
Cytokinin
B.
Gibberellin
C.
ABA
D.
Auxin
Answer: _________
Question 649:
The pungency in radish is due to
A.
Capsanthin
B.
Sulphur
C.
Isothiocyanates
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 650:
International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) is located at
A.
Geneva, Switzerland
B.
Bonn, Germany
C.
Paris, France
D.
New Delhi, India
Answer: _________
Question 651:
Arka Surabhi is a variety of
A.
Jasminum sambac
B.
Jasminum grandiflorum
C.
Jasminum auriculatum
D.
Jasminum flexile
Answer: _________
Question 652:
Citronella is used for
A.
Flavouring the cosmetics and soaps
B.
Recovery of health
C.
Curing respiratory troubles
D.
Checking bleeding
Answer: _________
Question 653:
Brinjal seedlings are transplanted at a spacing of
A.
60 × 30.45 cm
B.
75 × 60 cm
C.
50 × 50 cm
D.
90 × 70 cm
Answer: _________
Question 654:
Vegetable of 20 th century was
A.
Cluster bean
B.
Amaranthus
C.
Winged bean
D.
Chekurmanis
Answer: _________
Question 655:
Powdery mildew in cucurbits is controlled by spraying
A.
Ridomil MZ
B.
Wettable sulphur
C.
Hexaconazole
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 656:
Sel-32 variety of tomato was developed at
A.
HAU, Hisar
B.
IIHR, Hasarghatta
C.
IARI, New Delhi
D.
Pau, Ludhiana
Answer: _________
Question 657:
Often cross-pollinated crops have . . . . . . . . % of cross-pollination.
A.
> 5%
B.
5 - 10%
C.
< 5%
D.
> 10%
Answer: _________
Question 658:
'Cricket ball' is an improved variety of
A.
Sapota
B.
Papaya
C.
Banana
D.
Guava
Answer: _________
Question 659:
Which one of the following variety of mangoes is developed by clonal selection and bears fruit regularly
A.
Amrapali
B.
Neelam
C.
Dashehari-51
D.
Arka Neelkiran
Answer: _________
Question 660:
Seed Constitutes more than 50% of cost of production in the crop
A.
Hybrid Sunflower
B.
Potato
C.
Tomato
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 661:
Long day plant among the following is
A.
Carrot
B.
Lettuce
C.
Cluster bean
D.
Beetroot
Answer: _________
Question 662:
Anti diabetic principle cheratin is present in
A.
Cucumber
B.
Bitter gourd
C.
Chow-chow
D.
Muskmelon
Answer: _________
Question 663:
Pusa sawani, Pusa Makhamali and Punjab Padmani are the varieties of
A.
Brinjal
B.
Onion
C.
Garlic
D.
Okra
Answer: _________
Question 664:
Pigment in purple coloured carrots is
A.
Lycopene
B.
Carotene
C.
Anthocyanin
D.
Xanthophyll
Answer: _________
Question 665:
Habit of black pepper vine is
A.
Annual
B.
Biennia
C.
Perennial
D.
Deciduous
Answer: _________
Question 666:
Application of which chemical in the form of foliar spray at the beginning of flower bud development may improved drought resistance in pea
A.
I.A.A.
B.
D.D.T.
C.
Diuron
D.
Chlormequat
Answer: _________
Question 667:
Tomato variety suitable to be grown under high temperatures is
A.
Pusa Sadabahar
B.
Pusa hybrid-1
C.
Pusa Red plum
D.
Pusa Ruby
Answer: _________
Question 668:
Curry leaf variety with red petiole variety is
A.
DWD-1
B.
DWD-2
C.
PKM-1
D.
Senkaambu
Answer: _________
Question 669:
Important factor affecting the condition to cut flowers during transportation is
A.
Hydrotropism
B.
Physiotropism
C.
Paleotropism
D.
Geotropism
Answer: _________
Question 670:
Botanically, the fruit of litchi is a
A.
Nut
B.
Stone
C.
Pome
D.
Drupe
Answer: _________
Question 671:
Z scheme of electron transport was 1 st proposed by
A.
Hill and Bendall
B.
Hatch and Boardman
C.
Halliwell
D.
Calvin
Answer: _________
Question 672:
In India the red soil is mostly found in . . . . . . . . state.
A.
Assam
B.
Tamil Nadu
C.
Andhra Pradesh
D.
Bihar
Answer: _________
Question 673:
International Potato Center was established in 1967 at . . . . . . . .
A.
Sri Lanka
B.
Peru
C.
Philippines
D.
Colombia
Answer: _________
Question 674:
Karol is common name for
A.
Sweet gourd
B.
Bitter gourd
C.
Ivy gourd
D.
Spine gourd
Answer: _________
Question 675:
French basil belongs to the family
A.
Lamiaceae
B.
Asteraceae
C.
Apiaceae
D.
Leguminaceae
Answer: _________
Question 676:
The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) is an apex body under which of the following Ministry?
A.
Ministry of Science and Technology
B.
Ministry of Environment and Forests
C.
Ministry of Commerce and Industry
D.
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Answer: _________
Question 677:
Sheetal variety related to which of the following vegetable?
A.
Cucumber
B.
Snapmelon
C.
Muskmelon
D.
Watermelon
Answer: _________
Question 678:
Indicator plant for fluoride pollution is
A.
Sunflower
B.
Gladiolus
C.
Gerbera
D.
Tuberose
Answer: _________
Question 679:
Chandra Shankara is a cross berween
A.
LO × GB
B.
WCT × MYD
C.
COD × GBGD
D.
COD × WCT
Answer: _________
Question 680:
Which fruit follows a double sigmoid curve
A.
Ber
B.
Fig
C.
Pear
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 681:
Which of the following crops is produced maximum in the world?
A.
Sugarcane
B.
Brinjal
C.
Potato
D.
Orange
Answer: _________
Question 682:
Separation of fermented wines from the residual solids is termed as
A.
Enoking
B.
Raking
C.
Racking
D.
Airing
Answer: _________
Question 683:
Durian belong to the botanical family:
A.
Rosaceae
B.
Moraceae
C.
Bombaceae
D.
Rutaceae
Answer: _________
Question 684:
Predominant sex form in Cucumis melo is
A.
Andromonoecious
B.
Gynoecious
C.
Gynomonoecious
D.
Monoecious
Answer: _________
Question 685:
1 st transgenic crop plant was . . . . . . . . , developed in 1983.
A.
Soybean
B.
Brinjal
C.
Cotton
D.
Tobacco
Answer: _________
Question 686:
Over ripe banana give up Aronia due to
A.
Allyl dipropyl
B.
Sugar
C.
Isopentanol
D.
Acid
Answer: _________
Question 687:
Vegetables are canned in
A.
Brine
B.
Syrup
C.
pistilled water
D.
All of these
Answer: _________
Question 688:
Which of the following fruit plants bear fruits twice a year 1. Cashew 2. Grape 3. Jack fruit 4. Pomegranate
A.
1, 2, 3
B.
1 and 3
C.
2, 3, 4
D.
1, 2, 4
Answer: _________
Question 689:
Chilling requirement for cabbage is
A.
4° - 10°C for 6 - 8 weeks
B.
4° - 10°C for 2 - 3 weeks
C.
10° - 15°C for 2 - 3 weeks
D.
10° - 15°C for 4 - 8 weeks
Answer: _________
Question 690:
Pre-emergence of seed stalks prior to time of their formation at the cost of bulb formation and development in onion is known as
A.
Buttoning
B.
Bolting
C.
Browning
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 691:
Which planting system is best suited for mechanized fruit cultivation?
A.
Square system
B.
Contour system
C.
Double hedge system
D.
Hedge row planting system
Answer: _________
Question 692:
Total number of National Bureau are
A.
4
B.
5
C.
6
D.
7
Answer: _________
Question 693:
The plant growth hormone which helps in enlarging the grape fruit is
A.
Ethylene
B.
Gibberellic acid
C.
Cytokinnins
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 694:
Best suited variety for green ginger is
A.
IISR varada
B.
Suruchi
C.
Rio-de-Janerio
D.
Himgiri
Answer: _________
Question 695:
Which vitamin is called as coagulating vitamin
A.
Vitamin C
B.
Vitamin D
C.
Vitamin K
D.
Vitamin B
Answer: _________
Question 696:
According to ISI, tomato has been specialized into . . . . . . . . grades.
A.
4
B.
3
C.
2
D.
Only one
Answer: _________
Question 697:
The most cold hardy citrus root stock is
A.
Trifoliate orange
B.
Mosambi
C.
Sour lime
D.
Lemon
Answer: _________
Question 698:
Which of the following glucosides is present in bitter gourd?
A.
Allin
B.
Cucurbitacin
C.
Sinigrin
D.
All of these
Answer: _________
Question 699:
Fruits of Okra is rendered unmarketable due to the attack of
A.
Aphids
B.
Painted bug
C.
Mites
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 700:
Under the AICVIP, India is divided into . . . . . . . . agroclimatic zones.
A.
8
B.
10
C.
12
D.
17
Answer: _________
Question 701:
Removal of remnant male flower bud after completion of female flowering phase in banana is termed as
A.
Denavelling
B.
Desuckering
C.
Mattocking
D.
Propping
Answer: _________
Question 702:
Ice box variety of watermelon is
A.
Arka Aishwarya
B.
Arka Muthu
C.
Durgapur Kesar
D.
Durgapur Meetha
Answer: _________
Question 703:
Black Scurf resistant variety of potato is
A.
Kufri Kuber
B.
Kufri Megha
C.
Kufri Jyoti
D.
Kufri Sherpa
Answer: _________
Question 704:
KGMR-1, a hybrid of . . . . . . . . crop was released from IARI, New Delhi, India.
A.
Cabbage
B.
Cauliflower
C.
Brinjal
D.
Capsicum
Answer: _________
Question 705:
Pellagra is due to the deficiency of . . . . . . . .
A.
Niacin
B.
Biotin
C.
Folic acid
D.
Pyroxidine
Answer: _________
Question 706:
'Angoorlata' is a variety of
A.
Grape
B.
Lobia
C.
Tomato
D.
Potato
Answer: _________
Question 707:
Mutant variety of Isabgol is
A.
Asteraceace
B.
Ovaceae
C.
Plantaginaceae
D.
Lamiaceae
Answer: _________
Question 708:
Pusa Srijan is a rootstock of
A.
Mango
B.
Lemon
C.
Apple
D.
Guava
Answer: _________
Question 709:
Almost gynoecious variety of coconut is
A.
Nana
B.
Javanica
C.
Spicata
D.
San Ramon
Answer: _________
Question 710:
Harvesting stage of walnut is
A.
Turning stage
B.
PTB Stage
C.
Greeb bud stage
D.
Bursting stage
Answer: _________
Question 711:
Rapid removal of field heat from harvested produce is called
A.
Curing
B.
Pre-cooling
C.
Turfing
D.
Conditioning
Answer: _________
Question 712:
Which one of the following is not a variety of mango
A.
Arka Aruna
B.
Arka Puneet
C.
Arka Anmol
D.
Arka Hans
Answer: _________
Question 713:
Minimum content of juice in a RTS beverage as per FPO recommendations is
A.
5%
B.
10%
C.
15%
D.
20%
Answer: _________
Question 714:
Ricyness, fuzziness, hollow stem, leafyness and pinking are physiological disorder of
A.
Brinjal
B.
Chilli
C.
Cauliflower
D.
Broccoli
Answer: _________
Question 715:
The term used for a pruning system wherein low hanging branches are removed is
A.
Thinning
B.
Skirting
C.
Bushing
D.
Gleaning
Answer: _________
Question 716:
Apple crop flowers during
A.
December - January
B.
September - October
C.
June - July
D.
March - April
Answer: _________
Question 717:
Santa rosa is a popular variety of
A.
Plum
B.
Orange
C.
Litchi
D.
Strawberry
Answer: _________
Question 718:
Freezing tolerant rootstock of citrus is
A.
Limon
B.
C. unishu
C.
Jambhiri
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 719:
Bitter gourd witches broom is caused by
A.
Virus
B.
Viroid
C.
MLO
D.
Boron deficiency
Answer: _________
Question 720:
Many fold effects of a gene refers to
A.
Penetrance
B.
Epistasis
C.
Pleiotropy
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 721:
Seed plot technique in potato was developed by . . . . . . . .
A.
Dr. S. Ramanujan
B.
Dr. Puskarnath
C.
Dr. K. L. Chadha
D.
Dr. S. Ayappan
Answer: _________
Question 722:
The inception of ripening in grape is termed as
A.
Colour break
B.
Turning stage
C.
Verasion
D.
Break even point
Answer: _________
Question 723:
Haploid plants have been produced by anther culture in tomato by
A.
Greshof and Doy
B.
Mehta and Upadhaya
C.
Tyagi and Prasad
D.
H. B. Singh
Answer: _________
Question 724:
Fruit thinning growth regulator is
A.
NAA
B.
IAA
C.
CK
D.
Ethylene
Answer: _________
Question 725:
In India, hydroponics was 1 st introduced at
A.
Nilgiri Hills
B.
Kalimpong
C.
Gangtok
D.
Shimla
Answer: _________
Question 726:
Polyembryony in case of mango is seen in which of the following cultivars?
A.
Neelum
B.
Vellaicolumban
C.
Alphonso
D.
Badami
Answer: _________
Question 727:
Inflorescence of onion is called
A.
Umbel
B.
Spike
C.
Cyme
D.
Raceme
Answer: _________
Question 728:
Plants preferred for xeriscaping are
A.
Cacti
B.
Shrubs
C.
Palms
D.
Cycads
Answer: _________
Question 729:
Most acidic citrus fruit is
A.
Citrus megalaxycarpa
B.
C. jambhiri
C.
C. medurensis
D.
C. pennivesuculata
Answer: _________
Question 730:
Ideal storage temperature for Anthuriums is
A.
0°C
B.
2°C
C.
8°C
D.
13°C
Answer: _________
Question 731:
Tiger lily is
A.
Haploid
B.
Diploid
C.
Triploid
D.
Aneuploid
Answer: _________
Question 732:
Common name of Lentinus edodes is
A.
Oyster mushroom
B.
Shiitake mushroom
C.
Paddy straw mushroom
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 733:
Commonly used carbon energy source in plant tissue culture media is
A.
Sucrose
B.
Glucose
C.
Lactose
D.
Galactose
Answer: _________
Question 734:
A dwarf rootstock of pear is
A.
Quince A
B.
Quince B
C.
Kainth
D.
Quince C
Answer: _________
Question 735:
Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched in the term of Vegetable and Seed rate(kg/ha)?
A.
Cucumber ⇔ 4 - 5
B.
Bottle gourd ⇔ 6 - 8
C.
Bitter gourd ⇔ 4 - 6
D.
Sponge gourd ⇔ 8 - 10
Answer: _________
Question 736:
Wine prepared from juice of pears is
A.
Berry wine
B.
Perry
C.
Fenni
D.
Cider
Answer: _________
Question 737:
Botanically pumpkin is
A.
Berry
B.
Drupe
C.
Pome
D.
Pepo
Answer: _________
Question 738:
How much area (m 2 ) is recommended for kitchen gardening for a family of five?
A.
50
B.
100
C.
200
D.
250
Answer: _________
Question 739:
Ber variety suitable for making chuhara is
A.
Umran
B.
Gols
C.
Goma kirti
D.
Elaichi
Answer: _________
Question 740:
National Horticultural Mission (NHM) was started during . . . . . . . .
A.
2000 - 01
B.
2005 - 06
C.
2010 - 11
D.
2017 - 18
Answer: _________
Question 741:
Which of the following onion cultivars is not red colour?
A.
Pusa Ratnar
B.
N-53
C.
Arka Bindu
D.
Udaipur-102
Answer: _________
Question 742:
The chief ingredient of the medicinal value of the bael is
A.
Ficin
B.
Lycopene
C.
Marmelosin
D.
Annonine
Answer: _________
Question 743:
Which country ranked highest in vegetables production
A.
India
B.
Pakistan
C.
China
D.
USA
Answer: _________
Question 744:
Pusa Purple long, Pusa Kranti and Arka Sheel are the improved varieties of
A.
Brinjal
B.
Garlic
C.
Cauliflower
D.
Knol-Khol
Answer: _________
Question 745:
Okra belongs to family
A.
Myrtaceae
B.
Malvaceae
C.
Euphorbiaceae
D.
Palmae
Answer: _________
Question 746:
Pink colour in skin of the radish root is due to
A.
Anthocyanin
B.
Capsanthin
C.
Carotenoid
D.
Chlorophyll
Answer: _________
Question 747:
Head Quarter of World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is located in . . . . . . . .
A.
Geneva, Switzerland
B.
Rome, Italy
C.
Melbourne, Australia
D.
Nairobi, Kenia
Answer: _________
Question 748:
Multivitamin packed leafy vegetable is
A.
Asparagus
B.
Palak
C.
Basella
D.
Chekkurmanis
Answer: _________
Question 749:
Seedlessness in lemon (Citrus lemon) is due to
A.
Self incompatibility
B.
Parthenocarpy
C.
Ovule sterility
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 750:
Best grade of cashewnut is
A.
W-240
B.
W-360
C.
W-200
D.
W-180
Answer: _________
Question 751:
The periodical 'Vegetables' is published by
A.
ICAR
B.
US Dept. of Agriculture
C.
NHRDF
D.
IIHR
Answer: _________
Question 752:
Flat gardens in Japanese are known as
A.
Rayonaji
B.
Hira-Niwa
C.
Roji-Niwa
D.
Seki-rita
Answer: _________
Question 753:
An example for live fence is
A.
Duranta
B.
Opuntia
C.
Silver oak
D.
Agave
Answer: _________
Question 754:
Low chilling variety of apricot is
A.
Suffaida
B.
Moorpark
C.
New castle
D.
Hemskerk
Answer: _________
Question 755:
Shoot and fruit borer of okra belongs to
A.
Earias vitella
B.
Heliothis armigera
C.
Tetranychus spp
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 756:
Protogynous diuranally synchronous dichogamy is observed in
A.
Chestnut
B.
Avocado
C.
Fig
D.
Pistachio
Answer: _________
Question 757:
Pre-canning treatment of fruits and vegetables with boiling water for a short time is called
A.
Blanching
B.
Vapor treatment
C.
Pasteurization
D.
Steaming
Answer: _________
Question 758:
The native place of cabbage is
A.
America
B.
Brazil
C.
Western Europe
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 759:
Extent of natural cross-pollination and the desired isolation distance are given. Find out the wrong one.
A.
50 - 75%, 500 - 1000 meter
B.
25 - 50%, 300 - 500 meter
C.
11 - 25%, 200 - 300 meter
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 760:
Exhausting temperature of canned fruits and vegetables is
A.
100° - 105°C
B.
80° - 82°C
C.
70° - 75°C
D.
90° - 95°C
Answer: _________
Question 761:
The book HORTI SCIENCE is written by
A.
Willium Gadd
B.
Swaminathan
C.
Jennick
D.
Randhawa
Answer: _________
Question 762:
Most commonly used sugar in flower preservation solution is
A.
Sucrose
B.
Galactose
C.
Maltose
D.
Glucose
Answer: _________
Question 763:
Blue Lake is the cultivar of
A.
Peas
B.
French bean
C.
Board bean
D.
Lablab bean
Answer: _________
Question 764:
. . . . . . . . is an extensive method of vegetable cultivation.
A.
Market gardening
B.
Truck gardening
C.
Kitchen garden
D.
Floating garden
Answer: _________
Question 765:
Which fruit is most suited for preparation of marmalade
A.
Guava
B.
Ber
C.
Orange
D.
Litchi
Answer: _________
Question 766:
Dwarfing rootstock in mango is
A.
Totapuri red small
B.
Dashehari
C.
Olour
D.
Neelam
Answer: _________
Question 767:
Copper sulphate is sprayed in roses for
A.
Root pruning
B.
Defoliation
C.
Bud bursting
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 768:
Allopolyploid variety reported in mango is
A.
Neelam
B.
Vellai kolamban
C.
Olour
D.
Amarapali
Answer: _________
Question 769:
Monoembryonic variety of lemon is
A.
Clementine
B.
Meyer
C.
Valencia
D.
Temple
Answer: _________
Question 770:
Which one of the following fruits belongs to family Anacardiaceae
A.
Aonla
B.
Litchi
C.
Cashewnut
D.
Citrus
Answer: _________
Question 771:
Most commonly used chemical agent for doubling of plant chromosome is
A.
Nitrous oxide
B.
Colchicine
C.
EMS
D.
Sulphur di oxide
Answer: _________
Question 772:
Base of cut flowers is subjected to hot water treatment in
A.
Rose
B.
Gerbera
C.
Gladiolus
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 773:
In north India pruning in grape is done in the month of
A.
October
B.
March
C.
January
D.
July
Answer: _________
Question 774:
Bharat, the first F 1 hybrid of capsicum in India was released by
A.
JK Seeds
B.
IAHS
C.
MAHYCO
D.
Namdhari seeds
Answer: _________
Question 775:
Kisan Call Center answering farmers queries during the time
A.
2 PM - 5 PM
B.
6 AM - 10 AM
C.
10 AM - 4 PM
D.
6 AM - 10 PM
Answer: _________
Question 776:
Person regarded as the father of tomato in India is
A.
Dr. Harbhajan Singh
B.
Dr. G. Kallo
C.
Dr. Shyam Dibakar
D.
Dr. C. M. Rick
Answer: _________
Question 777:
'Little leaf' of mango is due to the deficiency to India of
A.
Fe
B.
Cu
C.
Zn
D.
Mn
Answer: _________
Question 778:
The Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marketing) Act was passed in
A.
1909
B.
2001
C.
1929
D.
1937
Answer: _________
Question 779:
Biocide used in vase solution for preservation of flowers is
A.
IAA
B.
8-HQC
C.
Sucrose
D.
Glucose
Answer: _________
Question 780:
Pungency in radish is due to volatile compound
A.
Erucic acid
B.
Isothiocyanates
C.
Diallyl disulphide
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 781:
Cabbage is a . . . . . . . . season crop.
A.
cool
B.
summer
C.
spring
D.
rainy
Answer: _________
Question 782:
Arecanut processed by boiling is known as
A.
Chali
B.
Kalipak
C.
Kottapak
D.
llyon
Answer: _________
Question 783:
Fruit of bael (Aegle marmelos) is botanically
A.
Stone
B.
Hard Shelled berry
C.
Drupe
D.
Hesperidium
Answer: _________
Question 784:
Carrot is a heavy feeder particularly for
A.
K
B.
P
C.
N
D.
Ca
Answer: _________
Question 785:
Highly salt tolerant fruit crop among the following is
A.
Ber
B.
Citrus
C.
Apple
D.
Cashew
Answer: _________
Question 786:
Which of the following variety is resistant to little leaf of brinjal
A.
Pusa purple cluster
B.
Pusa purple round
C.
Manjari
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 787:
The percentage of sugar for complete preservation of fruits in jam is
A.
30%
B.
50%
C.
63%
D.
70%
Answer: _________
Question 788:
Kunwari is the variety of
A.
Cabbage
B.
Knol-khol
C.
Cauliflower
D.
Lady finger
Answer: _________
Question 789:
Neer vazhai is a malady of
A.
Mango
B.
Jackfruit
C.
Banana
D.
Garcinia
Answer: _________
Question 790:
An important ingredient of Panchkutta vegetable is
A.
Tomato
B.
Bean
C.
Cucurbit
D.
Brinjal
Answer: _________
Question 791:
Paradox is a rootstock of
A.
Almond
B.
Peach
C.
Plum Walnut
D.
Pecan nut
Answer: _________
Question 792:
The seed required for raise seedling for planting of one hectare crop of cabbage
A.
200 - 250 gm
B.
300 - 400 gm
C.
400 - 500 gm
D.
550 - 650 gm
Answer: _________
Question 793:
Bleached ginger is treated with
A.
Copper sulphate
B.
Rock salt
C.
Lime solution
D.
Chloride solution
Answer: _________
Question 794:
Colour blindness genes are located on
A.
Y chromosomes
B.
X chromosomes
C.
Autosomes
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 795:
First time cytoplasmic genetic male sterility is used in
A.
Onion
B.
Pea
C.
Carrot
D.
Brinjal
Answer: _________
Question 796:
The cultivated carrot (Daucus carota L.) has a chromosome number of
A.
2n = 24
B.
2n = 18
C.
2n = 48
D.
2n = 15
Answer: _________
Question 797:
In preservation of food . . . . . . . . PPM of colour is permitted.
A.
200
B.
250
C.
300
D.
350
Answer: _________
Question 798:
Enzymes are inactivated in produce by
A.
Freezing
B.
Drying
C.
Blanching
D.
Brining
Answer: _________
Question 799:
Isolation distance for production of certified seeds of Okra is
A.
400 m
B.
200 m
C.
100 m
D.
50 m
Answer: _________
Question 800:
Purple Top Roll disease of potato is transmitted by . . . . . . . .
A.
Thrips
B.
Aphid
C.
Leaf hopper
D.
Mechanical transmission
Answer: _________
Question 801:
Moisture level for better storage of vegetables is
A.
12%
B.
20%
C.
Less than 8%
D.
5 - 7%
Answer: _________
Question 802:
Synthetic variety of cabbage is
A.
Pusa Mukta
B.
Pusa Ageti
C.
Pusa Sambandh
D.
Pusa Drum head
Answer: _________
Question 803:
Origin place of pineapple is
A.
Brazil
B.
South America
C.
Australia
D.
India
Answer: _________
Question 804:
Cross protection is done in citrus against which disease?
A.
Tristeza
B.
Xyloporosis
C.
Exocortis
D.
Psorosis
Answer: _________
Question 805:
Guava belongs to family
A.
Myrtaceae
B.
Caricaceae
C.
Apocynaceae
D.
Sapindaceae
Answer: _________
Question 806:
GMS is exploited in the commercial hybrid seed production of
A.
Onion
B.
Garden beet
C.
Radish
D.
Musk melon
Answer: _________
Question 807:
Type of fruit in Citrus spp. is
A.
Pome
B.
Pepo
C.
Berry
D.
Hesperidium
Answer: _________
Question 808:
1 st transgenic crop commercially cultivated in our country is . . . . . . . .
A.
Soybean
B.
Brinjal
C.
Cotton
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 809:
Flowering season of gladiolus is
A.
Spring summer
B.
Mid winter
C.
Autumn
D.
Rainy season
Answer: _________
Question 810:
Tetraploid variety of medicinal solanum is
A.
Arka Upkar
B.
Arka Mahima
C.
Pusa-1
D.
Sangam
Answer: _________
Question 811:
Types of vegetable gardens based on the purpose for which they have been developed are
A.
2
B.
4
C.
6
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 812:
Tag colour of certified seed is
A.
Golden yellow
B.
Azure blue
C.
White
D.
Opal green
Answer: _________
Question 813:
Rose are belong to family
A.
Rosaceae
B.
Malvaceae
C.
Cyperaceae
D.
Crucifereae
Answer: _________
Question 814:
Amphidiploid cucurbit is
A.
Chow-chow
B.
Pumpkin
C.
Bottle gourd
D.
Ridge gourd
Answer: _________
Question 815:
Refractometer is used to determine
A.
Minerals
B.
T. S. S. (total soluble solids)
C.
Vitamins
D.
Hormones
Answer: _________
Question 816:
Plant Introduction Scheme was sanctioned at IARI, New Delhi in . . . . . . . .
A.
1947
B.
1948
C.
1949
D.
1950
Answer: _________
Question 817:
Which of the following growth regulator is recommended for the maintenance of freshness in cut leafy vegetables?
A.
ABA
B.
Auxin
C.
Ethylene
D.
Cytokinin
Answer: _________
Question 818:
True potato seed concept was 1 st realized to raise commercial crop in India by . . . . . . . .
A.
Dr. S. Ramanujan
B.
Dr. Puskarnath
C.
Dr. K. L. Chadha
D.
Dr. S. Ayappan
Answer: _________
Question 819:
The word "Olericulture" is derived from . . . . . . . . word.
A.
Greek
B.
Latin
C.
Spanish
D.
French
Answer: _________
Question 820:
Man made vegetable is
A.
Cabbage
B.
Kale
C.
Rutabaga
D.
Cauliflower
Answer: _________
Question 821:
The botanical name of radish is
A.
Daucus carota
B.
Raphanus sativus
C.
Pisum sativum
D.
Brassica rapa
Answer: _________
Question 822:
Tentruier variety of grape in India is
A.
Arka Majestic
B.
Pusa seedless
C.
Pusa Navrang
D.
Muscat
Answer: _________
Question 823:
Which of the following preservative is used for preparation of tomato ketchup?
A.
Citric Acid
B.
Sodium benzoate
C.
Sodium metabisulphite
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 824:
Harvesting stage for watermelon is
A.
Tender stage
B.
Half mature
C.
Half slip stage
D.
Full slip stage
Answer: _________
Question 825:
Hormone used for degreening of citrus fruits is
A.
Ethylene
B.
Gibberlin
C.
Auxin
D.
Abscisic acid
Answer: _________
Question 826:
Which one of the following is ethylene absorbent
A.
KCl
B.
KMnO 4
C.
Mg SO 4
D.
NaCl
Answer: _________
Question 827:
1 st project Coordinator of AICVIP was
A.
Dr. Vishnu Swaroop
B.
Dr. G. Kallo
C.
Dr. K. V. Peter
D.
Dr. Pritam Kalia
Answer: _________
Question 828:
Glabrous Seedling-a morphological marker for identification of male sterility is found in
A.
Tomato
B.
Watermelon
C.
Muskmelon
D.
Onion
Answer: _________
Question 829:
. . . . . . . . crop is known as "Vegetable Meat".
A.
Soybean
B.
Peas
C.
French bean
D.
Cowpea
Answer: _________
Question 830:
Colour of roses with Cyanidin anthocyanin is
A.
Orange
B.
Bluish-red
C.
Brown
D.
Yellow
Answer: _________
Question 831:
. . . . . . . . is termed as Anti-sterility vitamin.
A.
Vitamin-A
B.
Vitamin-B
C.
Vitamin-C
D.
Vitamin-E
Answer: _________
Question 832:
Very high respiratory activity is seen in
A.
Turnip
B.
Onion
C.
Spinach
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 833:
Cashewnut has originated from
A.
India
B.
South East Asia
C.
Brazil
D.
South America
Answer: _________
Question 834:
Grape fan leaf virus is transmitted by
A.
Fungus
B.
Nematode
C.
Beetle
D.
Mites
Answer: _________
Question 835:
The recommended storage temperature to extend the shelf life of banana is
A.
20° - 25°C
B.
0°C
C.
12° - 15°C
D.
2° - 5°C
Answer: _________
Question 836:
Early season variety of apple is
A.
Iirish peach
B.
Aambri
C.
Granny smith
D.
Red delicious
Answer: _________
Question 837:
Central Institute of Sub-tropical Horticulture (CISH) is located at . . . . . . . .
A.
Varanasi
B.
Lucknow
C.
Pune
D.
Bengaluru
Answer: _________
Question 838:
Economic part of Pimenta dioica is
A.
Fresh fruits
B.
Seeds
C.
Dried berries
D.
Quills
Answer: _________
Question 839:
Ricyness, fuzziness, leafyness, browning physiological disorders belongs to which of the following vegetable?
A.
Cauliflower
B.
Carrot
C.
Broccoli
D.
Beetroot
Answer: _________
Question 840:
. . . . . . . . is a phenolic factor present in onion which has anti-fungal properties.
A.
Quercetin
B.
Catechol
C.
Sinigrin
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 841:
Low chilling variety of pear is
A.
Punjab Nectar
B.
Flemish beauty
C.
Starkimson
D.
Bartlett
Answer: _________
Question 842:
In tomatoes antifreeze gene has been transferred from
A.
Fish
B.
Insect
C.
Human
D.
Buffalo
Answer: _________
Question 843:
Balanced diet includes at least . . . . . . . . g of vegetables
A.
130
B.
210
C.
80
D.
300
Answer: _________
Question 844:
An improved varitey 'Pusa Mukta' of cabbage is resistant to
A.
White rot
B.
Black rot
C.
Powdery mildew
D.
Downy mildew
Answer: _________
Question 845:
Where is Lal Bagh located?
A.
Bengaluru
B.
Lucknow
C.
Mumbai
D.
Kolkata
Answer: _________
Question 846:
Big Vein of lettuce is transmitted by
A.
Nematode
B.
Fungus
C.
Bacteria
D.
Aphids
Answer: _________
Question 847:
. . . . . . . . cultivation is mostly concentrated in peri-urban areas.
A.
Fruits
B.
Ornamental crops
C.
Spices
D.
Vegetables
Answer: _________
Question 848:
Cat face is a physiological disorder of
A.
Cabbage
B.
Brinjal
C.
Pea
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 849:
Wood apple belongs to the family
A.
Rosaceae
B.
Rutaceae
C.
Moraceae
D.
Myrteaceae
Answer: _________
Question 850:
Inflorescence of Coriander is called
A.
Spike
B.
Umbel
C.
Raceme
D.
Cyme
Answer: _________
Question 851:
Allium cepa var. aggregatum is a scientific name of
A.
Potato onion
B.
Underground onion
C.
Multiple onion
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 852:
Which one of the following is a rich source of iron
A.
Aonla
B.
Orange
C.
Mango
D.
Karonda
Answer: _________
Question 853:
Maillard reaction is
A.
Enzymatic browning
B.
Non enzymatic browning
C.
Enzyme assisted browning
D.
Non enzymatic degradation
Answer: _________
Question 854:
Arka Sahan is a variety of
A.
Custard apple
B.
Grape
C.
Guava
D.
Passion fruit
Answer: _________
Question 855:
Most used fining agent for wine is
A.
Bentonite clay
B.
Kaoline clay
C.
Gelatin
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 856:
. . . . . . . . was the 1 st deputy director general of Horticulture, ICAR.
A.
Dr. Pritam Kalia
B.
Dr. K. L. Chadha
C.
Dr. S. Swaminathan
D.
Dr. Vishnu Swaroop
Answer: _________
Question 857:
Flower colour of Pusa Narangi Gainda is
A.
Red
B.
Sulphur yellow
C.
Orange
D.
Chreome yellow
Answer: _________
Question 858:
Hypoglycemic ingredient (blood sugar lowering) in bitter gourd is
A.
Momordicins
B.
Charantin
C.
Ellagic acid
D.
Indoles
Answer: _________
Question 859:
Bitterness in cucurbits is due to the presence of
A.
Anthocyani
B.
Hydrocyanic acid
C.
Carotene
D.
Cucurbitacin
Answer: _________
Question 860:
Which of the following seed rate of TPS is recommended for planting 1 hectare land?
A.
150 gram
B.
250 gram
C.
1 kg
D.
400 gram
Answer: _________
Question 861:
Which of the following fruit is not suitable for jam making
A.
Mango
B.
Banana
C.
Aonla
D.
Lemon
Answer: _________
Question 862:
Puffy fruit in tomato is caused by
A.
Virous
B.
Bacteria
C.
Fungus
D.
Physiological disorder
Answer: _________
Question 863:
Select the element constituent of amino acid, which is essential for synthesis of protein.
A.
Calcium
B.
Magnesium
C.
Manganese
D.
Sulphur
Answer: _________
Question 864:
International Registration Authority for Roses is located at
A.
UK
B.
Canada
C.
USA
D.
Belgium
Answer: _________
Question 865:
The effectiveness of wind break is up to how many times its height?
A.
2
B.
3
C.
4
D.
5
Answer: _________
Question 866:
Recommended level of Sodium benzoate for preservation of fruit juices is
A.
0.01%
B.
0.05 - 1%
C.
0.02 - 0.8%
D.
0.06 - 0.1%
Answer: _________
Question 867:
Serpentine layering is followed in propagation of . . . . . . . .
A.
Guava
B.
Muscadine grapes
C.
Sweet cherry
D.
Passion fruit
Answer: _________
Question 868:
Carrot roots become longer
A.
Above 10°C temperature
B.
Below 10°C temperature
C.
Above 25°C temperature
D.
Below 25°C temperature
Answer: _________
Question 869:
Sporophytic Self-incompatibility is reported in
A.
Beetroot
B.
Radish
C.
Brussels sprout
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 870:
Fern leaf disorder in potato is associated with deficiency of . . . . . . . .
A.
Mn
B.
Mo
C.
Zn
D.
B
Answer: _________
Question 871:
Which one of the following fruits contain more fat than the rest
A.
Avocado
B.
Mango
C.
Grape
D.
Ber
Answer: _________
Question 872:
Pectin content is a predetermining factor in the manufacture of
A.
Jams
B.
Squash
C.
Jellies
D.
Marmalade
Answer: _________
Question 873:
The antisterility vitamin is
A.
Vitamin C
B.
Vitamin A
C.
Vitamin E
D.
Vitamin K
Answer: _________
Question 874:
Larger ice crystals are formed in the frozen produce when the freezing method followed is
A.
De-hydro freezing
B.
Air blast freezing
C.
Quick freezing
D.
Sharp freezing
Answer: _________
Question 875:
Commercially tissue culture is adopted for the propagation of
A.
Apple
B.
Banana
C.
Mango
D.
Walnut
Answer: _________
Question 876:
Aroma containing compound in cucumber is
A.
Dimethyl pyrazine
B.
Dimethyl disulphide
C.
Iso-thiocyanate
D.
Nonadienal
Answer: _________
Question 877:
Seed (tuber) rate per hectare of potato (quintal) is
A.
1
B.
5
C.
10
D.
15
Answer: _________
Question 878:
Black tip in mango is a physiological disorder due to
A.
Chloride toxicity
B.
Carbon monoxide
C.
Deficiency of Nitrogen
D.
Excess of Mg
Answer: _________
Question 879:
Major aroma component in cooked cabbage is
A.
Dimethyl trisulphide
B.
Dimethyl disulphide
C.
Allyl propyl disulphide
D.
Sulphur dioxide
Answer: _________
Question 880:
Flavour in cabbage leaves is due to the glycoside
A.
Erucic acid
B.
Sinigrin
C.
Oleoresin
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 881:
Inbreeding depression is highest in
A.
Carrot
B.
Beet
C.
Onion
D.
Bhindi
Answer: _________
Question 882:
Pollen sterility is a serious problem in
A.
Guava
B.
Grape
C.
Orange
D.
Ber
Answer: _________
Question 883:
While applying DAP (as a basal dose), it should be never mixed with
A.
Zn
B.
Cu
C.
Fe
D.
Mg
Answer: _________
Question 884:
Triple disease resistant variety of tomato is
A.
Arka Meghali
B.
Arka Ahuti
C.
Arka Samrat
D.
Arka Vishal
Answer: _________
Question 885:
Friendship fruit is the term given to
A.
Fig
B.
Pineapple
C.
Mango
D.
Olive
Answer: _________
Question 886:
Which one of the following is a regular bearing variety of mango
A.
Samar bahista chausa
B.
Langra
C.
Amrapali
D.
Alphonso
Answer: _________
Question 887:
According to ICMR, daily requirement of vegetable per capita per day is
A.
285 gm
B.
300 gm
C.
400 gm
D.
250 gm
Answer: _________
Question 888:
Destructive Insect and Pest Act (DIPA) was passed in . . . . . . . .
A.
1995
B.
1914
C.
1942
D.
1947
Answer: _________
Question 889:
"Parbhani Kranti" is a popular variety of
A.
Radish
B.
Okra
C.
Turnip
D.
Tomato
Answer: _________
Question 890:
Maximum calorie per 100 gram is obtained from . . . . . . . . vegetable.
A.
Sweet potato
B.
Carrot
C.
Potato
D.
Radish
Answer: _________
Question 891:
The effect of pollen parent on the developing ovules in the mother plant is termed as
A.
Apomixis
B.
Carpelloidy
C.
Xenia
D.
Metaxenia
Answer: _________
Question 892:
Sun red is a variety of
A.
Plum
B.
Peach
C.
Nectarine
D.
Apricot
Answer: _________
Question 893:
Brinjal's edible part is
A.
Seeds
B.
Capsule
C.
Mature stage
D.
Tender stage
Answer: _________
Question 894:
Economic part of Ambrette is
A.
Capsules
B.
Seed coat
C.
Leaves
D.
Stigma
Answer: _________
Question 895:
The minimum TSS of tomato sauce must be
A.
12%
B.
15%
C.
30%
D.
36%
Answer: _________
Question 896:
Fruit on the basis of respiration can be classified as
A.
Parthenocarpic
B.
Climacteric and Non climacteric
C.
Non climacteric
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 897:
Which of the following early variety of cauliflower?
A.
Pusa Synthetic
B.
Sel-7
C.
Hissar-1
D.
Pusa Katki
Answer: _________
Question 898:
Seed of crop with least storage potential is
A.
Tomato
B.
Onion
C.
Cucumber
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 899:
Agrifound Parvati is a variety of
A.
Garlic
B.
Onion
C.
Carrot
D.
Radish
Answer: _________
Question 900:
In India date is harvested at . . . . . . . .
A.
Doka stage
B.
Dang stage
C.
Pind stage
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 901:
The chromosome number of tomato is
A.
2n = 48
B.
2n = 42
C.
2n = 24
D.
2n = 14
Answer: _________
Question 902:
Yellow coloured fruits and vegetables are rich source of
A.
Vitamin D
B.
Vitamin B
C.
Vitamin A
D.
Vitamin E
Answer: _________
Question 903:
Common name for Plumeria alba is
A.
Bottle brush
B.
Pagoda tree
C.
Coral tree
D.
Tree of life
Answer: _________
Question 904:
High forskolin Yielding variety released from UAS, Bangalore is
A.
K-8
B.
Arka Sanjeevini
C.
Aisiri
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 905:
Arka Sanjeevini is an improved variety of
A.
Ashwagandha
B.
Periwinkle
C.
Medicinal solanum
D.
Opium
Answer: _________
Question 906:
Class I preservative is
A.
Sugar
B.
Salt
C.
Spices
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 907:
C. F. T. R. I. is located at
A.
Nagpur
B.
Hyderabad
C.
Mumbai
D.
Mysore
Answer: _________
Question 908:
Which one of the following is a rich source of protein
A.
Ber
B.
Cashew nut
C.
Banana
D.
Mango
Answer: _________
Question 909:
CH-1 variety of chilli is developed at
A.
TNAU
B.
PAU
C.
GBPUAT
D.
IARI
Answer: _________
Question 910:
Male sterile variety of peach is
A.
Sun lite
B.
Florida pride
C.
Sharbati
D.
J. H. Hale
Answer: _________
Question 911:
Fruits of cabbage are known as
A.
Head
B.
Stump
C.
Siliqua
D.
Capsule
Answer: _________
Question 912:
Litchi is commercially propagated by
A.
March grafting
B.
Tip layering
C.
Air layering
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 913:
Sulphur containing food is stored in
A.
AR cans
B.
SR cans
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 914:
Pusa Mukta, an improved variety of cabbage is resistant to
A.
Powdery mildew
B.
Black rot
C.
Downey mildew
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 915:
The breakdown of vertical resistance due to the development of a new physiological race is
A.
Vertifolia effect
B.
Horizontal spread
C.
Pseudoresistance
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 916:
Multi storyed cropping is practiced in
A.
U. P. and Kerala
B.
Bihar and Madhya Pradesh
C.
Karnataka and Kerala
D.
J & K and Haryana
Answer: _________
Question 917:
Oxalic acid in leafy vegetables reduce the bio-availability of
A.
Calcium
B.
Iron
C.
Zinc
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 918:
Ultra dwarfing rootstock of apple is
A.
MM-111
B.
M-106
C.
M-27
D.
M-9
Answer: _________
Question 919:
The concept of center of origin of crop plants was proposed by
A.
J. R. Harlan
B.
N. I. Vavilov
C.
J. G.Mendal
D.
C. Linnaeus
Answer: _________
Question 920:
1 st company to supply vegetable seeds in our country is
A.
Pochas
B.
Sutton and Sons
C.
MAHYCO
D.
IAHS
Answer: _________
Question 921:
The Ministry of Agriculture has announced the year . . . . . . . . as the "Year of Horticulture".
A.
1995
B.
2010
C.
2012
D.
2018
Answer: _________
Question 922:
Akashin is a disorder in radish cause due to the deficiency of
A.
Mg
B.
Mn
C.
B
D.
Ca
Answer: _________
Question 923:
Copenhagen Market is a variety of . . . . . . . .
A.
Lettuce
B.
Leek
C.
Cabbage
D.
Both B and C
Answer: _________
Question 924:
Amino acids limiting in legumes is
A.
Lys
B.
Try
C.
Met
D.
Phe
Answer: _________
Question 925:
Seedless variety of lime is
A.
Pramalini
B.
Sai sharbati
C.
Vikram
D.
Chakradhar
Answer: _________
Question 926:
Which of the following are resistant to powdery mildew in chilli?
A.
Arka Lohit
B.
Pusa Sadabahar
C.
Pant C-1
D.
Pusa Jwala
Answer: _________
Question 927:
Main pollination mode of palak is
A.
Entemophily
B.
Anemophily
C.
Zoophily
D.
Autogamy
Answer: _________
Question 928:
Headquarter of AGMARK is located at
A.
Jaipur
B.
Faridabad
C.
New Delhi
D.
Lucknow
Answer: _________
Question 929:
Litchi is native to
A.
India
B.
South America
C.
North America
D.
South China
Answer: _________
Question 930:
Purple coloured broccoli variety is
A.
Palam kanchan
B.
Punjab broccoli
C.
Palam samriddhi
D.
Palam vichitra
Answer: _________
Question 931:
Edible portion of brussels sprouts is
A.
Small head or bud
B.
Leaves
C.
Root
D.
Stem
Answer: _________
Question 932:
In which variety of cauliflower seed production pis not possible in North Indian plains?
A.
Pusa Deepali
B.
Pusa Subhra
C.
Pusa Synthetic
D.
Pusa Snowball-1
Answer: _________
Question 933:
Principle of preservation by pickling is based on
A.
Lactic acid fermentation
B.
Acetic acid fermentation
C.
Alcoholic fermentation
D.
CO 2 fermentation
Answer: _________
Question 934:
Cock's comb belongs to the botanical family
A.
Amaranthaceae
B.
Aizoaceae
C.
Asteraceae
D.
Solanaceae
Answer: _________
Question 935:
Seedless in Black Corianth grapes is due to
A.
Obligatory Parthenocarpy
B.
Vegetative parthenocarpy
C.
Facultative parthenocarpy
D.
Stimulative Parthenocarpy
Answer: _________
Question 936:
Perigynous ovary is seen in
A.
Palak
B.
Cucumber
C.
Brinjal
D.
Bhindi
Answer: _________
Question 937:
In cryopreservation, seeds are immersed in liquid nitrogen at . . . . . . . . °C temperature.
A.
100
B.
-100
C.
-196
D.
0
Answer: _________
Question 938:
Pusa Hybrid-1, a hybrid of . . . . . . . . crop(s) was released from IARI, New Delhi, India.
A.
Pumpkin
B.
Bottle gourd
C.
Tomato
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 939:
Most heavily pruned fruit plant is
A.
Ber
B.
Guava
C.
Mango
D.
Aonla
Answer: _________
Question 940:
Chemical name of Vitamin-K is
A.
Retinol
B.
Calciferol
C.
Tocopherol
D.
Phylloquinone
Answer: _________
Question 941:
The growth regulator used to reduce flower drop in chilli is
A.
ABA
B.
Etephon
C.
NAA
D.
GA 3
Answer: _________
Question 942:
TSS of ripe muskmelon lies between
A.
11 - 17%
B.
20 - 25%
C.
5 - 9%
D.
18 - 22%
Answer: _________
Question 943:
Which one of the following is also known as "Egg plant"?
A.
Knol-khol
B.
Tomato
C.
Brinjal
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 944:
Which one of the following is dioecious plant
A.
Peach
B.
Pomegranate
C.
Pea
D.
Pointed gourd
Answer: _________
Question 945:
Which temperature range is suitable for the development of red colour in tomato fruits?
A.
18° - 25°C
B.
30° - 40°C
C.
5° - 10°C
D.
40° - 45°C
Answer: _________
Question 946:
Potato Witches Broom is caused by
A.
MLOs
B.
Bacteria
C.
Fungus
D.
Virus
Answer: _________
Question 947:
Cluster bean contains mucilaginous substance is
A.
Mannogalacton
B.
Glutamine
C.
Asparagine
D.
Galacturonic acid
Answer: _________
Question 948:
Which one of the following is the permanent method of preservation of fruits and vegetables?
A.
Pasteurization
B.
Blanching
C.
Canning and bottling
D.
Exlusion of moisture
Answer: _________
Question 949:
Premature setting of jam is due to
A.
Low TSS
B.
High TSS
C.
Microbial spoilage
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 950:
Which crop gives higher protein recovery per unit area?
A.
Pea
B.
Gherkin
C.
Carrot
D.
Potato
Answer: _________
Question 951:
Embryo abortion by extreme temperatures or by soil super saturation is typical symptom of which physiological disorder in tomato?
A.
Cat face
B.
Unfruitfulness
C.
Puffiness
D.
Blotchy ripening
Answer: _________
Question 952:
Bent neck is a Physiological disorder of
A.
Carnation
B.
Gladiolus
C.
Rose
D.
Gerbera
Answer: _________
Question 953:
Arka Nishant is a variety of
A.
Amaranthus
B.
Garlic
C.
Onion
D.
Radish
Answer: _________
Question 954:
Allo-Octaploid mango variety is
A.
Vellai colomban
B.
Olour
C.
Bappakai
D.
Alphonso
Answer: _________
Question 955:
Kinnow mandarin was developd by
A.
Watson & Crick
B.
L. Moss
C.
W. B. Hayes
D.
H. B. Frost
Answer: _________
Question 956:
The Taj garden of Agra (Taj Mahsl) is the typical example of
A.
Italian Style of gardening
B.
Japanese Style of gardening
C.
Indian Style of gardening
D.
Mughal Style of gardening
Answer: _________
Question 957:
Most suitable fruit for preparation of jelly is
A.
Apple
B.
Banana
C.
Orange
D.
Guava
Answer: _________
Question 958:
Optimum seed rate of cluster bean to sow one hectare area is (kg)
A.
20 - 30
B.
10 - 15
C.
15 - 20
D.
50 - 60
Answer: _________
Question 959:
Dry wines are made by
A.
50% sugar w/v
B.
7% sugar/°Brix
C.
No added sugar
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 960:
Which of the following is used to check sprouting of onion under storage?
A.
N. A. A
B.
M. H.
C.
G. A
D.
I. A. A
Answer: _________
Question 961:
NRC of Orchids is located in
A.
Tripura
B.
Assam
C.
Sikkim
D.
Meghalaya
Answer: _________
Question 962:
Optimum seed rate for turnip is (kg/ha)
A.
3 - 4
B.
2 - 3
C.
5 - 7
D.
9 - 11
Answer: _________
Question 963:
Samrat is a cultivar of
A.
Brinjal
B.
Sweet potato
C.
Tapioca
D.
All of these
Answer: _________
Question 964:
Best root stock for citrus in south India is
A.
Citrange
B.
Cleopatra mandarin
C.
Rangpur lime
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 965:
Redness in apple is due to
A.
Anthocyanin
B.
Carotene
C.
Xanthophyll
D.
Lycopene
Answer: _________
Question 966:
Localized incompatibility in grafting is overcome by
A.
Use of hormones
B.
Use of interstock
C.
Use of stratification
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 967:
Extremely high respiratory activity (> 60 mg CO 2 kg -1 hour -1 ) is found in . . . . . . . . vegetable.
A.
Asparagus
B.
Cauliflower
C.
Cabbage
D.
Potato
Answer: _________
Question 968:
Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL) is situated at
A.
Mysore
B.
Kolkata
C.
Chennai
D.
Hyderabad
Answer: _________
Question 969:
1 st Project Director for PDVR was
A.
Dr. Vishnu Swaroop
B.
Dr. G. Kalloo
C.
Dr. K. V. Peter
D.
Dr. Pritam Kalia
Answer: _________
Question 970:
The edible part of pomegranate is
A.
Thalamus
B.
Mesocarp
C.
Endocarp
D.
Aril
Answer: _________
Question 971:
Good storage requires
A.
High temperature and high relative humidity
B.
Low temperature and high relative humidity
C.
High temperature and low relative humidity
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 972:
Glycoalkaloid providing nematode resistance in tomato is
A.
Tomarine
B.
Solanine
C.
Tomatine
D.
Nematine
Answer: _________
Question 973:
The leading vegetable production state in India is
A.
Paschim Bangal
B.
Uttar Pradesh
C.
Andhra Pradesh
D.
Odisha
Answer: _________
Question 974:
Chrysanthemum is commercially propagated by
A.
Seeds
B.
Suckers
C.
Stem cuttings
D.
Terminal cuttings
Answer: _________
Question 975:
Vegetative parthenocarpy is found in
A.
Guava
B.
Banana
C.
Fig
D.
Grape
Answer: _________
Question 976:
The optimum range of temperature is required for tomato crop
A.
20° - 24°C
B.
18° - 19°C
C.
12° - 15°C
D.
40° - 45°C
Answer: _________
Question 977:
Which of the following was originated from our country?
A.
Pea
B.
Cowpea
C.
Cluster bean
D.
French bean
Answer: _________
Question 978:
Which one of the following state has the maximum coefficient of variation in rainfall?
A.
Assam
B.
Maharashtra
C.
Rajasthan
D.
West Bengal
Answer: _________
Question 979:
Variety of damask rose released by NBRI is
A.
Noor jahan
B.
Gladiator
C.
Delhi princess
D.
Mohini
Answer: _________
Question 980:
. . . . . . . . is the intensive method of vegetable cultivation.
A.
Market gardening
B.
Truck gardening
C.
Kitchen gardening
D.
Floating gardening
Answer: _________
Question 981:
'Spongy tissue' is a serious problem of mango is cultivar
A.
Dashehari
B.
Alphonso
C.
Totapari
D.
Langra
Answer: _________
Question 982:
The scientist, . . . . . . . . has been called as the father of Organic Farming.
A.
Albert Howard
B.
La-Flitze
C.
Peter Decresenzi
D.
S. C. Salamone
Answer: _________
Question 983:
Flower colour in Kochia is
A.
Pink
B.
Red
C.
White
D.
Indistinguishable
Answer: _________
Question 984:
1 st crop raised in hydroponics is
A.
Cucumber
B.
Bittergourd
C.
Tomato
D.
Brinjal
Answer: _________
Question 985:
Which of the following monoecious line is used for the development of muskmelon F1 hybrid-Pusa Rasraj?
A.
M1
B.
M2
C.
M3
D.
M4
Answer: _________
Question 986:
Largest Annona fruit is borne by
A.
Annona squamosa
B.
Annona muricata
C.
Annona cherimola
D.
Annona glabra
Answer: _________
Question 987:
The precursor of ethylene synthesis in higher plants is
A.
Histidine
B.
Glutamine
C.
Methionine
D.
Tryptophan
Answer: _________
Question 988:
Pink colour of onion is due to
A.
Qucertin
B.
Anthocyanin
C.
Carotene
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 989:
Stable form of papaya is
A.
Staminate
B.
Hermaphrodite
C.
Pistillate
D.
All forms
Answer: _________
Question 990:
Which one of the following is a stem vegetable
A.
Radish
B.
Sweet potato
C.
Knol-khol
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 991:
Storage temperature of cucumber is
A.
0°C
B.
4° - 5°C
C.
6° - 7°C
D.
10°C
Answer: _________
Question 992:
Biggest cultivated fruit in the world is
A.
Papaya
B.
Jack fruit
C.
Orange
D.
Coconut
Answer: _________
Question 993:
Ploidy level in French Marigold is
A.
Aneuplioid
B.
Diploid
C.
Triploid
D.
Tetraploid
Answer: _________
Question 994:
Long day onion variety is
A.
Arka Sona
B.
Palam Lohit
C.
Pusa Madhavi
D.
Brown Spanish
Answer: _________
Question 995:
New Zealand spinach belongs to the family
A.
Araceae
B.
Liliaceae
C.
Basellaceae
D.
Aizoaceae
Answer: _________
Question 996:
Durgapura Meetha, Durgapur Kesar and Pusa Bendana are the improved varieties of
A.
Watermelon
B.
Beet
C.
Sweet potato
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 997:
Crop that is least tolerate soil acidity is
A.
Okra
B.
Potato
C.
Sweet potato
D.
Chilli
Answer: _________
Question 998:
Maturity indices for harvesting of apple is
A.
T-Stage
B.
Mean heat units
C.
Juice content
D.
Both A and B
Answer: _________
Question 999:
Minimum standard TSS for muskmelon (%) is
A.
2
B.
5
C.
10
D.
20
Answer: _________
Question 1000:
Which of the following cultivar of tomato is suitable for processing?
A.
S-120
B.
Siox
C.
Roma
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1001:
Pineapple variety preferred for canning
A.
Kew
B.
Queen
C.
Hilo
D.
Sugar leaf
Answer: _________
Question 1002:
Super dwarfing rootstock of apple is
A.
M 9
B.
M 11
C.
M 25
D.
M-27
Answer: _________
Question 1003:
Arecanut for preparation of kalipak are harvested at
A.
3 - 4 months
B.
5 - 6 months
C.
7 - 8 months
D.
9 - 10 months
Answer: _________
Question 1004:
Diploid apogamy is found in
A.
Knol-khol
B.
Onion
C.
Okra
D.
Beans
Answer: _________
Question 1005:
1 st commercial vegetable seed production unit in India was set up in 1942 at
A.
Quetta
B.
Katrain
C.
Kullu
D.
Pusa, Bihar
Answer: _________
Question 1006:
Genomic compostion of gold finger banana is
A.
ABB
B.
AAAA
C.
AAAB
D.
AAB
Answer: _________
Question 1007:
Zero energy cool chamber operates on the principles of
A.
Second law of thermodynamics
B.
Charles law
C.
Boyle's law
D.
Evaporative cooling
Answer: _________
Question 1008:
The ability of a cell to generate into a whole plant is known as
A.
Regeneration capacity
B.
Autolysis
C.
Totipotancy
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 1009:
Natural cytokinin is
A.
Zeatin
B.
Kinetin
C.
Benzyl Adenine (BA)
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 1010:
Pruus cerasus is
A.
Sweet cherry
B.
Desert cherry
C.
Table cherry
D.
Cooking cherry
Answer: _________
Question 1011:
Agriculture and Processed Development Authority (APEDA) was came in existence in
A.
1965
B.
1970
C.
1985
D.
1980
Answer: _________
Question 1012:
The red colour in tomato is due to pigment
A.
Lycopene
B.
Capsaicin
C.
Capsanthin
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1013:
In hexagonal system of planting how much more percentages of trees can be planted as compared to square method
A.
15
B.
10
C.
20
D.
30
Answer: _________
Question 1014:
Pinching of male buds before anthesis in the female parents of cucurbitaceous vegetables was 1 st suggested by
A.
Choudhury and Singh
B.
Seshadhri and More
C.
Tyagi and Sigh
D.
V. Swaroop
Answer: _________
Question 1015:
Spanish day is the common name for which plant?
A.
Daisy
B.
Xoconostle
C.
Agave
D.
Yucca
Answer: _________
Question 1016:
AICVIP was shifted from IARI, New Delhi to Varanasi in
A.
1987
B.
1992
C.
1991
D.
2004
Answer: _________
Question 1017:
Brinjal also called as
A.
Egg plant
B.
Aubergine
C.
Both A and B
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 1018:
Sex form of potato flower is
A.
Gynoecious
B.
Hermaphrodite
C.
Andromonoecious
D.
Monoecious
Answer: _________
Question 1019:
Generally, how many methods of classification are followed for vegetables?
A.
2
B.
3
C.
4
D.
5
Answer: _________
Question 1020:
A 12 door canopied structure characteristic of Mughal garden is
A.
Neher
B.
Daria
C.
Chabutra
D.
Baradari
Answer: _________
Question 1021:
Which of the following is considered as the finest mandarin in the world?
A.
Satsuma
B.
Coorg
C.
Nagpur
D.
Khasi
Answer: _________
Question 1022:
Delphinidin- a plant pigment is responsible for the development of . . . . . . . . colour.
A.
Red
B.
Blue
C.
Orange
D.
Pink
Answer: _________
Question 1023:
Food Safety and Standardization Authority (FSSAI) act was passed in . . . . . . . . year.
A.
2002
B.
2003
C.
2004
D.
2006
Answer: _________
Question 1024:
. . . . . . . . is the only cultivated member of cucurbitaceae family which is single seeded.
A.
Pointed gourd
B.
Kartoli
C.
Kakrol
D.
Chayote
Answer: _________
Question 1025:
Chilli variety suitable for colour extraction is
A.
Puri Red
B.
Arka Abir
C.
Pusa Sadabahar
D.
Arka Suphal
Answer: _________
Question 1026:
The leading Indian State in Floriculture trade is
A.
Uttar Pradesh
B.
Bihar
C.
Karnataka
D.
Punjab
Answer: _________
Question 1027:
. . . . . . . . % of Nitrogen is present in CAN.
A.
46
B.
20.6
C.
25
D.
81.5
Answer: _________
Question 1028:
Area of kitchen garden sufficient for a family of 4 is
A.
50 m 2
B.
100 m 2
C.
150 m 2
D.
200 m 2
Answer: _________
Question 1029:
The inflorescence of banana is
A.
Raceme
B.
Catkin
C.
Spadix
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1030:
World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization that regulates international trade, was officially commenced on . . . . . . . . under the Marrakesh Agreement.
A.
1 st January, 1994
B.
1 st January, 1995
C.
1 st January, 2001
D.
1 st January, 2002
Answer: _________
Question 1031:
Ideal stage for harvesting carnations is
A.
Calyx spread stage
B.
Calyx splitting
C.
Paint brush stage
D.
Full bloom stage
Answer: _________
Question 1032:
Tomato is a . . . . . . . . crop.
A.
Cool season
B.
Rainy season
C.
Warm season
D.
Spring season
Answer: _________
Question 1033:
Triple sigmoid growth curve is seen in
A.
Mango
B.
Plum
C.
Kiwi
D.
Apple
Answer: _________
Question 1034:
Indian Institute of Horticulture was established at Bengaluru during . . . . . . . .
A.
1955
B.
1968
C.
1990
D.
1947
Answer: _________
Question 1035:
The red colour of tomato is due to Pigment
A.
Chromoplast
B.
Lycopene
C.
β-carotene
D.
Anthocyanin
Answer: _________
Question 1036:
Calcium deficiency in tomato causes BER and fruits with BER having Ca level of . . . . . . . . %.
A.
> 0.1%
B.
> 0.05%
C.
> 0.2%
D.
> 0.5%
Answer: _________
Question 1037:
Seedless mango 'Sindhu' has developed by back cross between
A.
Ratna and Alphonso
B.
Ratna and Neelam
C.
Alphonso and Amrapali
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1038:
Japanese flower arrangement that includes fruits and vegetables along with flowers is known as
A.
Morimono
B.
Zeneika
C.
Jiyubana
D.
Nageire
Answer: _________
Question 1039:
Part used as spice in Mace is
A.
Kernel
B.
Bark
C.
Aril
D.
Leaves
Answer: _________
Question 1040:
Fruit stored in a cold chamber exhibit longer storage life because
A.
The rate of respiration is decreased
B.
There is an increase in humidity
C.
Exposure to sun light is prevented
D.
CO 2 conc. in the environment is decreased
Answer: _________
Question 1041:
Ridge of greenhouses should be oriented in . . . . . . . . direction to avoid sun scorching.
A.
East-west
B.
North-south
C.
South-west
D.
North-east
Answer: _________
Question 1042:
Okra varietys suitable for ratoon cropping is
A.
Arka anamika
B.
Azad kranti
C.
Arka abhay
D.
Pusa sawani
Answer: _________
Question 1043:
The type of fruit in jackfruit is
A.
Synconus
B.
Sorosis
C.
Capsule
D.
Balausta
Answer: _________
Question 1044:
"Pusa-Meghali" is an improved variety of
A.
Carrot
B.
Onion
C.
Cotton
D.
Garlic
Answer: _________
Question 1045:
Leaf curl virus of chilli is transmitted by
A.
Aphid
B.
White fly
C.
Jassid
D.
Honey bees
Answer: _________
Question 1046:
Viviparous seed are reported in
A.
Ber
B.
Orange
C.
Jack fruit
D.
Grapes
Answer: _________
Question 1047:
The chilli hybrid Arka Harita was developed using
A.
Emasculation and pollination
B.
CMS lines
C.
GMS lines
D.
CGMS lines
Answer: _________
Question 1048:
White bud-a physiological disorder in sweet corn is caused by the deficiency of which mineral nutrient?
A.
Magnesium
B.
Manganese
C.
Molybdenum
D.
Zinc
Answer: _________
Question 1049:
The edible portion of cabbage is
A.
Head
B.
Leaves
C.
Swollen stem
D.
Curd
Answer: _________
Question 1050:
Which of the following is a single seeded cucurbit?
A.
Kakrol
B.
Kartoli
C.
Chayote
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1051:
The ancestor of all cultivated cole crops is
A.
Brassica oleracea var capitata
B.
Brassica oleracea var oleracea
C.
Brassica oleracea var sylvestris
D.
Brassica oleracea var italica
Answer: _________
Question 1052:
Mutant variety of almond is
A.
IXL
B.
Neplus ultra
C.
Sloh
D.
Supernova
Answer: _________
Question 1053:
An ideal fruit for making jelly should be rich in
A.
Pectin and proteins
B.
Acids and sugars
C.
Sugars and proteins
D.
Pectin and acids
Answer: _________
Question 1054:
Pomology is the study of
A.
Fruit Science
B.
Forest Science
C.
Vegetable Science
D.
Flower Science
Answer: _________
Question 1055:
Potato is a . . . . . . . . day plant but it is cultivated as . . . . . . . . day plant for its tuber, respectively.
A.
Long, short
B.
Short, intermediate
C.
Long, intermediate
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1056:
Pineapple is highly suited for
A.
Tropical humid region
B.
Arid region
C.
Temperate region
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1057:
The attack of pea stem fly is maximum in the month of . . . . . . . .
A.
October
B.
January
C.
November
D.
February
Answer: _________
Question 1058:
Pusa early dwarf is the cultivar of
A.
Potato
B.
Tomato
C.
Chilli
D.
Tapioca
Answer: _________
Question 1059:
Rupali variety of tomato is developed by
A.
IAHS
B.
Ankur seeds
C.
Sun grow seeds
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1060:
Head Quarter of AICRP on tuber vegetables is located at . . . . . . . .
A.
Kochi, Kerala
B.
Trivendrum, Kerala
C.
Kolkata, West Bengal
D.
Bengaluru, Karnataka
Answer: _________
Question 1061:
Potato is a . . . . . . . . plant for tuberization.
A.
SDP
B.
LDP
C.
DNP
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 1062:
CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity) signed during the Earth Summit at Rio de Janerio, Brazil in . . . . . . . .
A.
2002
B.
1992
C.
1995
D.
1998
Answer: _________
Question 1063:
Rock arrangement is a central feature of
A.
Spanish gardens
B.
French garden
C.
Mughal garden
D.
Japanese garden
Answer: _________
Question 1064:
Seeds lacking endosperm are seen in
A.
Sunflower
B.
Corn flower
C.
Orchids
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 1065:
Food Safety and Quality Control Act was passed in . . . . . . . . year.
A.
2000
B.
2001
C.
2002
D.
2004
Answer: _________
Question 1066:
Bush pepper is propagated by
A.
Geotropic shoots
B.
Orthotropic shoots
C.
Plagiotropic shoots
D.
Any of the above
Answer: _________
Question 1067:
Fruit of portulaca (a summer leafy vegetable crop) is
A.
Capsule
B.
Berry
C.
Silique
D.
Pepo
Answer: _________
Question 1068:
Rose Supreme, Happy End and Friendship are improved varieties of
A.
Marigold
B.
Gladiolus
C.
Rose
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1069:
Which of the following statement is correct. Controlled atmosphere storage of fruits and vegetables
A.
Maintains higher concentration of carbon dioxide than the normal atmosphere
B.
Maintains higher concentration of oxygen than the normal atmosphere
C.
Maintains lower concentration of nitrogen than the normal atmosphere
D.
Maintains lower concentration of ethylene than the normal atmosphere
Answer: _________
Question 1070:
Find out the correct statement about the cells present in embryo sac.
A.
Egg cell, 2 antipodal cells, a secondary nucleus and 2 synergids
B.
3 antipodal cells, 2 synergids, a egg cell and a 2n secondary nucleus
C.
1 egg cell, 2 synergids and 2 secondary nucle
D.
A 2n secondary nucleus, one egg cell and 3 antipodal cells
Answer: _________
Question 1071:
New Seed Policy was launched in
A.
1981
B.
1984
C.
1986
D.
1988
Answer: _________
Question 1072:
Pineapple belong to which family
A.
Myrtaceae
B.
Cyperaceae
C.
Anacardiaceae
D.
Bromeliaceae
Answer: _________
Question 1073:
Early Badger is a variety of pea, while Badger Market is a variety of . . . . . . . .
A.
Cabbage
B.
Cauliflower
C.
Brinjal
D.
Capsicum
Answer: _________
Question 1074:
Which variety is an edible podded variety of pea
A.
Sylvia
B.
Khapar Kheda
C.
Rachna
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1075:
Bright green hypocotyl-a morphological marker for male sterility identification is found in
A.
Broccoli
B.
Muskmelon
C.
Watermelon
D.
Cabbage
Answer: _________
Question 1076:
Introduced variety of watermelon is
A.
Asahi yamato
B.
Sugar baby
C.
Improved shipper
D.
All of the above
Answer: _________
Question 1077:
Plants that need two seasons to complete their vegetative and reproductive growth are called
A.
Annuals
B.
Biennials
C.
Perennials
D.
None of the above
Answer: _________
Question 1078:
Richest source of vitamin C is
A.
Aonla
B.
Guava
C.
Mango
D.
Barbados cherry
Answer: _________
Question 1079:
Ablation is done in
A.
Oil palm
B.
Palmyrah
C.
Coconut
D.
Both B and C
Answer: _________
Question 1080:
Botanically pineapple fruit is
A.
Sorosis
B.
Berry
C.
Pome
D.
None of these
Answer: _________
Question 1081:
Botanically ber fruit is
A.
Pome
B.
Stone
C.
Drupe
D.
Nut
Answer: _________
Question 1082:
The hormone used to degreen citrus fruits is
A.
Cytokinin
B.
Gibberlin
C.
Ethylene
D.
Abscisic acid
Answer: _________
Question 1083:
Garden lanterns, garden pagoda, garden bridges, tea garden and flat garden are the unique feature of
A.
Rose garden
B.
Mughal garden
C.
English garden
D.
Japanese garden
Answer: _________
Question 1084:
. . . . . . . . vegetable(s) have recalcitrant seed.
A.
Chow chow
B.
Pointed gourd
C.
Onion
D.
Both A and B
Answer: _________
Question 1085:
Beta vulgaris (Beet root) belongs to family
A.
Convolvulaceae
B.
Chenopodiaceae
C.
Cruciferae
D.
Compositeae
Answer: _________
Question 1086:
Pusa Bindu is a variety of
A.
Brinjal
B.
Onion
C.
Garlic
D.
Potato
Answer: _________
Question 1087:
The centre of origin of tomato is
A.
Peru and Mexico
B.
Mediterranean
C.
India
D.
China
Answer: _________
Question 1088:
Which one is not correctly matched?
A.
Ginger - Rhizome
B.
Garlic - Bulb
C.
Potato - Tuber
D.
Sweet potato - Stolon
Answer: _________
Question 1089:
Which one of the following states/regions is famous for the cultivation of orchids?
A.
Tamil Nadu
B.
Uttarakhand
C.
N. E. Region
D.
Himachal Pradesh
Answer: _________
Answer Key
1:
B
Solution: In the northern state of Haryana, Panipat is famous for being the hub of making commercial varieties of tasteful achar, but the city is famous for pachranga (literally 'five colors', prepared with five vegetables) and satranga (literally 'seven colors', prepared with seven vegetables) which are matured in mustard oil using main ingredients such as raw mangoes, cauliflower, chickpeas, lotus stem, karonda and amlas or limes, pickled with whole spices. Out of the given options, cauliflower is used in pachranga and satranga achar.
2:
D
Solution: Roses are propagated or reproduced, either by seed or by taking cuttings from an existing bush. Seeds will take on a genetic mixture of two mated plants. The pollen that fertilizes the flower might not have come from the plant with the flower on it. Propagating herbaceous plants is very often done by rooting green stem cuttings, but the process can also be successful with woody-stemmed plants, including some roses. New varieties of rose are usually propagated by grafting. The rootstock allows adapting the root system to the soil. Thus, roses can be propagated by seeds, grafting as well as stem cutting.
3:
B
Solution: Cleistogamy is seen in Grape. Cleistogamy is a type of automatic self-pollination of certain plants that can propagate by using non-opening, self-pollinating flowers. It means the formation of flowers that do not open and thus the production of seeds is a result of autogamy.
4:
B
Solution: Blossom end rot in tomatoes is caused by the deficiency of Calcium . Blossom end rot is a physiological disease caused by a localized deficiency of calcium in the fruit. Calcium is a nutrient that is required in relatively large quantities by rapidly growing fruit, especially by those cells at the blossom end of the young fruit.
5:
A
Solution: The spore propagated ornamental plant is Fern . Fern spores are the tiny, genetic bases for new plants. They are found contained in a casing, called sporangia, and grouped into bunches, called sori, on the underside of the leaves.
Spores look like little dots and may be harvested for fern spore propagation by the intrepid gardener.
Spores look like little dots and may be harvested for fern spore propagation by the intrepid gardener.
6:
D
Solution: Non-climacteric fruit among the following is all of them that are Grapes, Jamun and Litchi. Non-climacteric fruits include strawberry, grape, raspberry, cherry, citrus, etc. Non-climacteric fruits are characterized by ripening transitions that do not strictly depend on a significant increase in ethylene production and an associated rise in respiration rate. These fruits can ripen fully only if they are allowed to remain attached to the parent plant.
7:
C
Solution: Cowpea is a crop that is known as vegetable meat. Cowpea is an annual herbaceous legume from the genus Vigna. Cowpea seeds provide a rich source of proteins and calories, as well as minerals and vitamins. A seed can consist of 25% protein and has a very low-fat content. Like many leguminous crops, Pulses contain 20 to 25% protein by weight, which is double the protein content of Wheat and three times that of Rice. For this reason, pulses are sometimes called “ vegetarian meat ”.
8:
C
Solution: Essential oil is extracted from Tagetus signata species. This perennial herb grows all across the temperate grasslands and mountains of the southern part of South America and is more commonly known as the Marigold. T. signata is glossy green foliage, nearly pinntified, highly aromatic. The essential oil is obtained by steam distillation from the fresh flowering herb and also an absolute solvent extraction from the flowering herb. The oil can be used as insecticides, fungicides and nematocides.
9:
C
Solution: Colour of flowers borne by Bombax malabaricum is Red. Bombax malabaricum, commonly known as Silk cotton tree. This Asian tropical tree has a straight tall trunk and its leaves are deciduous in winter. Red flowers with 5 petals appear in the spring before the new foliage. It produces a capsule that, when ripe, contains white fibres like cotton. Its trunk bears spikes to deter attacks by animals. It is a tree used in Ayurvedic traditional medicine to treat many ailments and health conditions and is part of many ayurvedic traditional medicinal remedies.
10:
C
Solution: The per capita consumption of vegetables in India is 175 (grams) . Fruits and vegetables are integral parts of a healthy diet. Given the high proportion of energy-dense fruits and vegetables in the Indian total intake, the focus should be on improving the diversity of vegetables, as well as on increasing the intake and diversity of fruits. The average intake of fruits and vegetables is 3.5 servings per day, which comprises 1.5 servings of fruits and 2 servings of vegetables.
11:
A
Solution: The F 1 hybrid of pepper is Paniyur-1 . Black pepper ( Piper nigrum L. ) (Family: Piperaceae) is a perennial vine grown for its berries and extensively used as a spice and in medicine. India is one of the major producers, consumers and exporters of black pepper in the world. Black pepper is cultivated to a large extent in Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Panniyur-1, Panniyur-3, and Panniyur-8 are hybrids that evolved at the Pepper Research Station, Panniyur (Kerala Agricultural University). It prefers hot, humid, and tropical climates and can not tolerate areas where temperatures drop below 5°C. In cooler areas, grow black pepper in a container, and winter indoors or in a greenhouse.
12:
A
Solution: "Rutin" is associated with chili vegetables. Rutin is a bioflavonoid or plant pigment, that is found in certain vegetables and fruits. Apples are full of rutin. Buckwheat, most citrus, figs, and both black and green tea also contain rutin. Rutin might have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It might also offer some protection against cancer and other diseases. Rutin is commonly used for autism, aging skin and airway infections caused by exercise.
13:
B
Solution: Gladiolus is generally propagated by Corm. Gladiolus is propagated by corms, the underground storage organs - which are sometimes wrongly called bulbs and cormels. The cormels of the first year would be normally of very small size and would not yield any flowers. During the growth cycle of the gladiolus, the main corm sprouts small cormlets, which are the primary reproductive structure of the plant.
14:
A
Solution: Browning in Cauliflower is due to Boron deficiency . Generally, the deficiency symptoms of boron are extremely visible in plants after the curd formation. The affected curds are bitter. The foliar colour first changes to dull green and then greenish yellow at the apical margin of the older leaves. When there is a severe deficiency of boron, then leaves are underdeveloped and smaller. The growing point may die in the young stage of the plant itself. The deficiency of boron may be corrected by applying borax.
15:
C
Solution: National Seed Project was launched in 1977 with financial support from World Bank. The World Bank assisted considerably in the strengthening of the Indian seed programme by launching NSP I in 1977 - 78 and subsequently NSP II in the following year. The National Seed Project will be the first phase in the development of India's National Seed Program to increase the availability of high-quality seeds. NSC developed NSP for the production of high-yielding varieties of seeds through contracts with progressive growers, scientific processing, certification and marketing.
16:
D
Solution: Kashmir Beauty and Golden Heart are the varieties of cauliflower . Cauliflower is a popular vegetable and this belongs to the family cruciferous. It can grow well in a wide range of soil from sandy loam to clay. It works as an anti-cancer agent. It promotes heart health and lowers cholesterol levels.
17:
A
Solution: The commercial method of propagation of Gladiolus is corms. Gladiolus is propagated by corms, the underground storage organs - which are sometimes wrongly called bulbs and cormels. The cormels of the first year would be normally of very small size and would not yield any flowers. During the growth cycle of the gladiolus, the main corm sprouts small cormlets, which are the primary reproductive structure of the plant.
18:
C
Solution: The preservative used in colored juices for preservation is Benzoic acid . Benzoic acid is an organic compound that is described by the chemical formula C 6 H 5 COOH. It consists of a carboxyl group attached to a benzene ring.
It is a commonly used antimicrobial preservative in food and beverages, especially in carbonated beverages, as it presents its strongest antibacterial activity at pH 2.5 - 4.0. BA has inhibitory effects on the proliferation of bacteria and yeasts, a major cause of food spoilage.
It is a commonly used antimicrobial preservative in food and beverages, especially in carbonated beverages, as it presents its strongest antibacterial activity at pH 2.5 - 4.0. BA has inhibitory effects on the proliferation of bacteria and yeasts, a major cause of food spoilage.
19:
D
Solution: Pusa Meghdoot and Pusa Manjari are the improved varieties of Bottle gourd . Pusa Meghdoot: This is an F1 hybrid between Pusa summer prolific long and Sel.2 developed and released by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi in 1971. Fruits are long, light-green and attractive. It is relatively early and suitable for cultivation in spring-summer. Pusa Manjari: This is a round fruited F1 hybrid (Pusa Summer Prolific Round and Sel. 11) developed and released at Indian Agricultura1 Research Institute, New Delhi in 1971. It has given a 48% higher early yield and 106% total yield over Pusa Summer Prolific Round.
20:
A
Solution: The red colour of Jelly is due to the addition of Charring of sugar . When sugar is continuously heated in a dish, then it starts evaporating and becomes foggy due to water vapour. A black powdery substance is left behind, which is charcoal. This process is called the charring of sugar. It is an irreversible chemical reaction. This charcoal colour adds red colour to the jelly.
21:
A
Solution: Azhukal rot affects the capsule part of cardamom . Azhukal, a Malayalam name that means rotting, is a serious disease of this crop and causes a crop loss of up to 30 percent. The disease appears during the rainy season. On the infected leaves, water-soaked lesions appear first followed by rotting and shredding of leaves along the veins. The infected capsules become dull greenish-brown and decay. This emits a foul smell and is subsequently shed. The infection spreads to the panicles and tillers resulting in their decay. This disease spreads through the soil, water and wind.
22:
C
Solution: Vegetable included in the Solanaceous fruit group is both Potato and Tomato . The Solanaceae or nightshades, are a family of flowering plants that range from annual and perennial herbs to vines, lianas, epiphytes, shrubs and trees, and includes several crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds and ornamentals. The name Solanaceae derives from the genus Solanum . It includes tomatoes, potatoes, eggplant, bell and chili peppers- which are used as food.
23:
C
Solution: Central Plant Protection Training Institute (CPPTI) is situated in Hyderabad . The Central Plant Protection Institute (CPPTI) was established in 1966 under the Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and Storage to create qualified pest management personnel in Central and State Governments. The Institute was rechristened subsequently as National Plant Protection Training Institute (NPPTI). Its crucial role is in enhancing agricultural production addressing the emerging challenges in the field of Plant Health Management through the core role of Teaching, Training, Research, Certification & Accreditation, and Policy Support on SPS issues and Bio-security challenges within national and international contexts.
24:
D
Solution: The leaf scorch of mango is caused by K deficiency . Scorching of leaf margins is the characteristic symptom of potassium deficiency. Scorching starts from the tip downwards. Fruit quality is reduced. Trees with potassium deficiency are easily prone to pest and disease attacks. Application of 1 kg muriate of potash or sulphate of potash along with 2 kg urea and 6 kg super phosphate during July - August in the basin could rectify potassium deficiency.
25:
C
Solution: Central Institute for Arid Horticulture is located in Bikaner . The headquarter of ICAR-CIAH is located on National Highway-15, 10 km away from Bikaner city, Rajasthan. It was shifted from Hisar to Bikaner in April 1993. The basic, strategic and applied research is to enhance sustainable productivity, quality, and utilization of horticultural crops in arid and semi-arid regions.
26:
B
Solution: An early bearing cultivar of coconut is Dwarf. Dwarf coconut is a range of varieties of the coconut palm. The dwarf coconut is small in stature (5 - 7 m) and commences bearing earlier than the tall variety. Dwarf coconut palms flower as early as the third year after planting and come to regular bearing in the ninth year. The average life span is 40 - 50 years. Dwarf or short variety which produces green, orange and yellow nuts. Nuts are small in size and ovoid or round. Nut weighs about 3 oz (85 gm) with 65 percent oil content. It is more susceptible to drought.
27:
A
Solution: The floral structure hindering natural pollination in Vanilla is Rostellum . The flowers are borne in axillary racemes and each inflorescence consists of 15 - 20 flowers. The flowers are to be artificially pollinated (hand pollination) for the fruit set. The pollen of the vanilla flower is produced in a mass called pollinia, and is covered by a hood or anther cap. The stigma is protected with a lip known as 'rostellum'. For pollination, the stamen cap is removed by a needle exposing the pollinia. Then the flap-like rostellum is pushed up and the pollinia are brought into contact with the stigma.
28:
D
Solution: Late cauliflower does not set seed in plains due to the absence of Short days and low temperature . Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) is one of the most important vegetable crops in India. The edible part of cauliflower is known as curd, which consists of a shoot system with short internodes, branch apices and bracts. The plain region has afternoons that are too hot for cauliflower growing, we may try planting in partial shade. However, growth slows without sunlight and might find that plants are still putting on leaves when they should be forming heads.
29:
C
Solution: Fat in cocoa fruit is about 37 . The fats in cocoa are composed of four types of fatty acids, polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, saturated and Trans fatty acids. The amount of fat in cashew nuts is 47 . The monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids found in cashews can help decrease LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The total amount of fat in coconut is 33 g , not 20. It's full of fatty acids that your body needs and may help improve cognitive function, metabolism, and hair and skin health. A whole avocado provides roughly 26 grams of fat , 4.2 grams of saturated fat, almost 20 grams of monounsaturated fat and 3.6 grams of polyunsaturated fat.
30:
B
Solution: Banana stores well at a temperature of 13°C . Keep them cool and protected from the light: Bananas should be stored at around 13°C, as they will ripen quicker if they are too warm. Bananas grow in hot climates, so they are unused to the cold. If they're kept at a cold temperature in the fridge, the enzymes that enable them to ripen are inhibited. And as those enzymes become inactive, other enzymes operate more efficiently. Some cause cell damage, while others (browning enzymes) cause the skin to blacken.
31:
A
Solution: King Hyder Ali established the most famous LAL BAGH garden in Bangalore. Lalbagh is a botanical garden in Bangalore, India, with an over 200 years history. First planned and laid out during the dalavaiship of Hyder Ali and later managed under numerous British Superintendents before Indian Independence. It was responsible for the introduction and propagation of numerous ornamental plants as well as those of economic value.
32:
D
Solution: The watch flower is Passiflora Laurifolia . It belongs to the family Passifloraceae. It is native to tropical Americas and has spread to other parts of the world. It is also known as water lemon, golden bell apple and orange lilikoi. The fruit is medium-sized, ovoid in shape, about 2 inches long with a diameter of 3 in (7.6 cm), with green or deep orange skin and white-yellow, extremely juicy pulp.
33:
B
Solution: Pusa Nasdar is a variety of Ridge gourd. Released by Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. It is a selection from the Madhya Pradesh collection. An early maturing variety, producing club-shaped fruit, producing 15 - 20 fruits per vine, light-green in colour. Flowering starts in 60 days.
34:
C
Solution: The dehydration temperature sufficient for fruits is 66° - 71°C. Drying or dehydration is the removal of the majority of water contained in the fruit or vegetable and is the primary stage in the production of dehydrated fruits and vegetables. For fruits like apples, bananas, peaches, and nectarines, drying times will range from 6 to 16 hours. Apricots, grapes, figs and pears can take anywhere between 20 to 36 hours.
35:
C
Solution: Mushrooms are an excellent source of Iron, a mineral that the body needs to produce red blood cells. These are rich in vitamin B riboflavin, niacin and pantothenic acid. The combination helps protect heart health. Riboflavin is good for red blood cells.
36:
D
Solution: The minimum TSS specified by FPO for crush is 55% and the rest is fruit juice. A Farmer Producer Organization (FPO) is a type of Producer Organisation (PO) where farmers are its members. The TSS value is defined as the amount of sugar and soluble minerals present in fruit and vegetables.
37:
A
Solution: The chemical formula of colchicine is C 22 H 25 NO 6 . Colchicine is an alkaloid extracted from the colchicum autumnale plant, having molecular formula C 22 H 25 NO 6 and consists of three rings. It is used to treat gout and some other inflammatory conditions. It is considered a high-risk medicine because it is associated with significant toxicity when not used correctly.
38:
C
Solution: Waxing is done to reduce both Transpiration and Respiration. Waxing generally reduces the respiration and transpiration rates, but other chemicals such as fungicides, growth regulators and preservatives can also be incorporated especially for reducing microbial spoilage, sprout inhibition, etc. It reduces moisture loss and enhances the appearance of the product by adding a bright sheen, but also protects the fruits from postharvest decay which extends the shelf life.
39:
A
Solution: Central Seed Laboratory (CSL) is located in New Delhi. The Seed Testing Laboratory is located at the Division of Seed Science & Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi and has been notified as the Central Seed Testing Laboratory it was established in 1960. The Seed Testing Laboratory is the hub of seed quality control. Seed testing services are required from time to time to gain information regarding the planting value of seed lots.
40:
B
Solution: National Biodiversity Authority is located in Chennai. The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) is a statutory autonomous body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and climate change, Government of India established in 2003 to implement the provisions under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. Headquartered in Chennai, India, it acts as a facilitating, regulating and advisory body to the Government of India "on issues of conservation, sustainable use of biological resources and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of biological resources.”
41:
B
Solution: Colour of a tomato is controlled by Two genes. “Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) has at least two genome triplications.” Lycopene and b-carotene are major pigments in ripe tomatoes, the former being responsible for the red colour. In the yellow ripe fruit, lycopene concentration was 99.3% less than that present in red fruits.
42:
A
Solution: The daily requirement of vitamin D for a healthy adult is 200 I.U. The current recommendations suggest consuming 200 I.U. (10 - 20 mcg) of vitamin D per day. However, people who need more vitamin D can safely consume 1,000 - 4,000 I.U. (25 - 100 mcg) daily. Consuming more than this is not advised, as it is not linked to any extra health benefits. Vitamin D helps regulate the amount of calcium and phosphate in the body. These nutrients are needed to keep bones, teeth and muscles healthy. A lack of vitamin D can lead to bone deformities such as rickets in children, and bone pain caused by a condition called osteomalacia in adults.
43:
A
Solution: Hisar Shyamal is a variety of tomatoes. This variety is developed at HAU, Hisar by crossing aushye × BR 112 . Plants are erect with purple green foliage from flowering onwards. Fruits are round, fleshy and bright purple with dark green purple pedicel. This variety is resistant to bacterial wilt and tolerant to lettle leaf.
44:
B
Solution: In freezing crystallization principle is used. Freezing, also known as solidification, is a phase transition where a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point. Most liquids freeze by crystallization, the formation of a crystalline solid from the uniform liquid. This is a first-order thermodynamic phase transition, which means that as long as solid and liquid coexist, the temperature of the whole system remains very nearly equal to the melting point due to the slow removal of heat when in contact with air, which is a poor heat conductor. Crystallization consists of two major events, nucleation and crystal growth.
45:
D
Solution: Papaya is commercially propagated by seed. Papaya is commercially propagated by seed and tissue culture plants. The seed rate is 250 - 300 g/ha. The seedlings can be raised in nursery beds 3 meters long, 1 m wide and 10 cm high as well as in pots or poly bags. The optimum temperature range is 21 - 27 degrees. The papaya tree is a fast-growing, short-lived and tropical tree.
46:
C
Solution: Super A among the following options is a recognized grading standard for tomatoes. Sorting & Grading in India is generally done manually while mechanized grading by automatic grading lines based on size and weight is also practiced. Tomato may be weight graded as small (< 100 g, medium (100 - 255 g) and large (> 255 g) or Super A, commercial, or size graded into 8 grades (i.e. 1 to 8) for fruits with size 30 to 102 mm.
47:
B
Solution: Self-incompatibility seen in cole crops is Sporophytic . Self-incompatibility, the recognition and rejection of self-pollen, is a widespread mechanism by which flowering plants prevent self-fertilization. In the Brassicaceae (cole crops), the self-incompatibility phenotype of both stigma and pollen is determined sporophytically by the diploid S-locus genotype of the parent plant and dominance relationships between S-locus variants are observed in both stigma and pollen.
48:
C
Solution: 'RATNA' variety of mango is a cross of Neelam × Alphonso . It is a hybrid variety released by Fruit Research Station, Vengurla. It is a regular bearing and produces medium sized fruits weighing an average of about 250 g. Pulp is orange in colour and free from spongy tissue and fibre.
49:
D
Solution: Double the number of plants than a square system of planting can be accommodated in both Cluster system and Quincunx system of planting . Quincunx system is the square method but with one more plant in the centre of the square. This will accommodate double the number of plants, but does not provide equal spacing. In cluster systems planting a plant, the cluster was defined as being an individual plant or a tightly clumped group of individual plants.
50:
B
Solution: Plant Anupama, Arka Komal and Blue Lake are the varieties of French beans. French bean is one of the most popular and widely grown vegetables in India. The green immature pods are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. The French bean varieties are classified into two groups that are, Dwarf or bush types and climbing or pole types. Arka Komal is the variety mostly grown in hilly as well as the plain region of Tamil Nadu. Plants are erect and bushy. Plant Anupama was obtained through selection in germplasm lines maintained at GBPUAT, Pantnagar. The plants are dwarf with dark green foliage.
51:
D
Solution: The edible part of the onion is bulb shaped is a modified stem. It is a hardy cool-season biennial but usually grown as an annual crop. Garlic is a clove which means one bulb is made up of many individual lobes that are also covered in papery skin, and each lobe is a clove of garlic. The edible part of sweet potato is the root which is also called a tuber, storage root of the plant, or an enlarged lateral root. The edible part of cauliflower is the white flesh head part but that is known as curd. Curd is composed of a white inflorescence meristem.
52:
B
Solution: A naturally sourced anti-biotic used in canning is NISIN. Nisin is used in canned foods mainly for the control of thermophilic spoilage. It is a natural preservative for many food products. This Bacteriocin is mainly used in dairy and meat products. It inhibits pathogenic food-borne bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes and many other Gram-positive food spoilage microorganisms.
53:
B
Solution: Vaccum cooling is chiefly employed in Leafy vegetables. Vaccum cooling is a rapid cooling technique for any porous product that has free water and works on the principle of evaporative cooling. Vaccum cooling is generally used for cooling food products having a high water content and large porosities, due to its efficacy in losing water from both within and outside the products.
54:
A
Solution: India is the prime producer of fenugreek in the world. The production of fenugreek in India is marked by its dominant position in world production and export. Rajasthan alone produces more than 80% fenugreek of the country followed by Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttaranchal. In Rajasthan, which accounts for a significant majority of India's output, the crop is mainly grown during the winter season. It is cultivated in more than 1.57 lakh hectares area with a production of 1.9 lac tonnes.
55:
C
Solution: Cleavage type of polyembryony is seen in Coconut . The separation of embryonal cells is followed by the development of each of them into potential embryos. Cleavage polyembryony occurs when a young embryo or zygote divides into two or more units. This is known as cleavage of zygote or budding. These units eventually develop or mature into independent embryos. It is common in gymnosperms and comparatively rare in angiosperms.
56:
D
Solution: Pusa Phalguni, Pusa Barsati, Pusa-do fasli and Pusa Rituraj are the improved varieties of Cowpea . It is an annual herbaceous legume and is an important crop in semi-arid regions. The crop is mainly grown for its seeds, which are high in protein and also for forage. Pusa phalguni is the Dwarf variety that matures in 60 days. It is suitable for February- March sowing. Its yield is 5-10 t/ha. Pusa barsati is suitable to grow in the rainy season and the yield is 9 - 9.5 t/ha.
Pusa Dofaslu is photosensitive and its yield is 7.5 - 8 t/ha. Pusa Rituraj is a Bushy variety with 22 - 25 cm long and thin pods. Its yield is 8 - 10 t/ha.
Pusa Dofaslu is photosensitive and its yield is 7.5 - 8 t/ha. Pusa Rituraj is a Bushy variety with 22 - 25 cm long and thin pods. Its yield is 8 - 10 t/ha.
57:
C
Solution: A variety of gladiolus developed by Irradiation mutation is Shobha . This variety is released by IIHR, Bangalore. It is an induced mutant of var. 'Wild Rose'. It is an early flowering variety, which flowers 60 days after planting. The effect of gamma irradiation on growth and floral characters of gladiolus varieties during winters.
58:
A
Solution: Pusa Meghdoot is the cultivar among the following that belongs to bottle gourd. This variety of Bottle gourd can be grown in a wide range of soils. But it thrives well in sandy loam soils. The land or main field should be prepared thoroughly by six to seven ploughings and the pH range in soil should be from 6.5 to 7.5 in bottle gourd cultivation. It requires good drainage with a hot and moist climate for its cultivation.
59:
C
Solution: Pyrethrin is extracted from flowers of Chrysanthemum cinerarifolium . The pyrethrins are a class of organic compounds normally derived from Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium that have potent insecticidal activity by targeting the nervous systems of insects. Pyrethrin naturally occurs in chrysanthemum flowers and is often considered an organic insecticide when it is not combined with piperonyl butoxide or other synthetic adjuvants.
60:
A
Solution: Allium porrum is Leek. The leek is a vegetable, a cultivar of Allium ampeloprasum , the broadleaf wild leek. The edible part of the plant is a bundle of leaf sheaths that is sometimes erroneously called a stem or stalk. Leeks are easy to grow from seed and tolerate standing in the field for an extended harvest, which takes place up to 6 months from planting.
61:
D
Solution: Shade loving annual is Balsam, Alyssum and Salvia . Balsam is the resinous exudate (or sap) that forms on certain kinds of trees and shrubs. Balsam is a quick-growing flower that can be grown in shade. Sweet alyssum flowers are best with at least six hours of full sun but can tolerate partial shade. In warmer climates, plants perform best with protection from the hot afternoon sun. Salvia is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae. Salvia species include annual, biennial, or perennial herbaceous plants, along with woody subshrubs.
62:
A
Solution: Downy mildew of muskmelon is controlled by the systemic fungicide Ridomil MZ. Downy mildews are caused by microscopic, fungus-like (Oomycete) organisms. The infection reduced the crop's yield and impaired the quality of the fruit. Muskmelon leaves turned brown and the vines died within a few days. The humidity of the micro-climate within the crop increased and provided ideal conditions for the development of downy mildew. RIDOMIL is a highly effective fungicide for the control of Oomycete fungi (including late blight and Downy mildew).
63:
A
Solution: Strawberry is an aggregate fruit among the following given options. An aggregate fruit is a fruit that develops from the merger of several ovaries that were separated into a single flower. In contrast, a simple fruit develops from one ovary and multiple fruits develop from multiple flowers. Strawberries, form from a single flower with many pistils, each of which develops into fruitlets.
64:
C
Solution: Skiffing is practiced in Tea plantation crops. It is the lightest pruning. foliage is leveled off, only green stems are removed. The top 5 - 8 cm of new growth is removed to obtain the uniform level of plucking surface. If the bushes are pruned about 75 cm, it is referred to as skiffing. Pruning and skiffing of tea are the most important operations in tea production.
65:
C
Solution: The quantity of leafy vegetables recommended by dieticians to be consumed daily for a balanced diet is 115 gm . Leafy green vegetables are an important part of a healthy diet. They're packed with vitamins, minerals and fibre but low in calories. Eating a diet rich in leafy greens can offer numerous health benefits including reduced risk of obesity, heart disease, high blood pressure and mental decline. Examples of leafy green vegetables include spinach, kale, cabbage, lettuce, broccoli, mustard greens, parsley, mint, thyme and spearmint.
66:
D
Solution: Papaya is the most suitable to be used as a filler crop in a mango orchard. Growing short-duration crops in between the newly established perennial crops for a few years to fill the space and to utilize the resources is termed filler cropping. Short-lived trees are known as 'fillers'. Papaya is itself planted as filler in mango, litchi and guava orchards because it stays in the field for 2 - 3 years only.
67:
B
Solution: Generally, the alternate bearing problem is noticed in fruit trees like Guava. Alternate Bearing (AB) is an alternating cropping pattern of large trees and small crops occurring in many fruit species that is internally regulated by the plant. In other words, it is the one that does not bear a regular crop year after year, rather heavy yields are followed by extremely light yields and vice versa. Alternate bearing is a widely spread phenomenon, occurring in both deciduous and evergreen fruit plants.
68:
B
Solution: The Fruits Product Order (FPO) was passed in the year 1955. The standards have been in force since 1955 by the law of Fruit Products Order , after which the mark is named, but the mark itself got a mandatory status only after the Food Safety and Standards Act of 2006. The FPO mark is a certification mark mandatory on all processed fruit products sold in India such as packaged fruit beverages, fruit jams, squashes, pickles, dehydrated fruit products and fruit extracts. The FPO mark guarantees that the product was manufactured in a hygienic 'food-safe' environment, thus ensuring that the product is fit for consumption.
69:
D
Solution: Weeping jelly occurs due to low sugar and adequate pectin as well as because of fermentation. The phenomenon of spontaneous exudation of fluid from a gel is called syneresis or weeping of jelly. Weeping jelly is most often caused by too much acid in the fruit or recipe in general. A low pH gel is very brittle and will squeeze water out, producing a liquid layer between the jelly and the glass. Addition of excess acid results in the breakdown of the jelly structure due to the hydrolysis or decomposition of pectin, which helps in the solidification of jelly.
70:
A
Solution: Metaxenia is commonly observed in the Date fruit plant. Metaxenia is caused by the direct action of pollen on the character of the fruit which consists of the ovarian tissues of the mother plant. SWINGLE and NIXON discovered this phenomenon in fruits of the date palm and the former named it “metaxenia”. Each male exerts approximately the same effect on the fruit of all varieties and exerts the same effect in different years. This direct effect of the pollen on the parts of the seed and fruit lying outside the embryo and endosperm.
71:
C
Solution: The economic part of Senna is both leaf and pods. Senna is an herb. The leaves and the fruit of the plant are used to make medicine. When cultivated as a medicinal herb, the plants are cut down semi-annually, dried in the sun, stripped, and packed in palm-leaf bags. Senna contains many chemicals called sennosides. Sennosides irritate the lining of the bowel, which causes a laxative effect.
72:
B
Solution: Potato contains 17 mg of Vitamin-C, per hundred grams of edible portion. Potato is a major world food crop and by far the most important vegetable crop in terms of quantities produced and consumed worldwide. It is popularly known as the “Vegetable King”. It is low in fat content (0.1%) but rich in several micronutrients, especially vitamin C. Potato is a moderate source of iron, and its high vitamin C content promotes iron absorption.
73:
A
Solution: Characteristics of apomictic seedlings are True to type. Apomixis is an asexual means of plant reproduction and is found in many species, especially in fruit crops. The process does not involve the union of male and female gametes and therefore there is no genetic recombination. Apomictic seedlings are identical to the mother plant and similar to plants raised by other vegetative means because such plants have the same genetic make-up as that of the mother plant.
74:
C
Solution: Symptoms of calcium deficiency in plants are 1 st noticed in terminal leaves . Symptoms of calcium deficiency first appear on younger leaves and tissues, growth is inhibited, and plants have a bushy appearance. The youngest leaves are usually small and misshapen with brown chlorotic spots developing along the margins, which spread to eventually unite in the centre of the leaves.
75:
A
Solution: King of Spices is Black pepper . Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is known as the "King of Spices" because of its strong aroma and is widely used in all major cuisines around the world. Black pepper is cultivated for its fruit which is usually dried and then used as a spice or seasoning known as a peppercorn.
76:
B
Solution: The citrus fruit variety is to be patented for the first time in Ruby. The 1929 U.S. 'Ruby Red' (of the 'Redblush' variety) was the first grapefruit patent.
The 1929 'Ruby Red' patent was associated with real commercial success, which came after the discovery of a red grapefruit growing on a pink variety. These are slightly flattened, globular-shaped fruits with yellow-orange rinds and a sweet, tart flavour profile. This summer citrus tree bears fruit from mid-June to mid-September, making them a popular late summer treat to beat the heat.
The 1929 'Ruby Red' patent was associated with real commercial success, which came after the discovery of a red grapefruit growing on a pink variety. These are slightly flattened, globular-shaped fruits with yellow-orange rinds and a sweet, tart flavour profile. This summer citrus tree bears fruit from mid-June to mid-September, making them a popular late summer treat to beat the heat.
77:
C
Solution: The highest rate of ethylene synthesis is seen in Passion fruit . Passion fruits are the highest ethylene producers among all fruits with a production range of 160 - 370 µl/kg hr at 20°C (68°F) at their climacteric peak. Exposure of mature-green passion fruits to 100 ppm ethylene for 1 - 2 days accelerates their ripening.
78:
A
Solution: The red pigment in tomatoes is due to lycopene . Lycopene is a type of organic pigment called a carotenoid. It is related to beta-carotene and gives some vegetables and fruits (e.g. tomatoes) a red colour. Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant that might help protect cells from damage. Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant with many health benefits, including sun protection, improved heart health and a lower risk of certain types of cancer.
79:
C
Solution: Pusa Hybrid-9, a hybrid of the Brinjal crop was released from IARI, New Delhi, India.
The fruit of this variety are oval round, glossy attractive, dark purple, and peduncle partially pigmented. The average weight is 300g. Takes 90 days from sowing to 1 st Picking. The average yield is 670 q/ha. Recommended for Gujarat and Maharashtra in 1997.
The fruit of this variety are oval round, glossy attractive, dark purple, and peduncle partially pigmented. The average weight is 300g. Takes 90 days from sowing to 1 st Picking. The average yield is 670 q/ha. Recommended for Gujarat and Maharashtra in 1997.
80:
C
Solution: The uniform flowering in pineapple can be induced by the application of 25 ppm Ethephon + 2% urea . Ethephonis the active ingredient in etherel. Ethephon at a concentration as low as 25 ppm in combination with urea (2%) was able to induce more than 90% flowering after 50 days of treatment. The addition of either urea or calcium carbonate increased the effectiveness of ethephon for the induction of flowering.
81:
A
Solution: The in-situ method of grafting in mango is Inarching . Inarching is a technique where a young seedling or rootstock is used as a support for the scion (the part of the plant being grafted). The scion and rootstock are joined together at the base, typically in the nursery or field, and both plants are allowed to grow together until they form a stable union. This method is commonly used for mango grafting, especially when the desired variety of mango is grafted onto a rootstock that is resistant to diseases or pests. Option B: Stone Grafting This option is incorrect . Stone grafting involves the use of the seed or stone from a fruit to grow a new plant, but it is not an in-situ grafting method used in mango. Option C: Epicotyl Grafting This option is incorrect . Epicotyl grafting is a method where the graft is made on the epicotyl (the portion of the stem above the cotyledons), and while it may be used in some plants, it is not typically used in mango. Option D: Soft Wood Grafting This option is incorrect . Softwood grafting involves grafting onto young, flexible shoots, but this is not considered an in-situ method for mango grafting. Therefore, the correct answer is Option A: Inarching , as this is the appropriate in-situ grafting method for mango cultivation.
82:
A
Solution: Greece is the country that has the highest per capita intake of vegetables. Vegetable consumption per capita reached 228 kg in 2013 in Greece, according to Faostat. This is 1.98% less than in the previous year. Greece seems to have one of the highest consumption levels of healthy foods, such as vegetables, cereals and fruits. The country also occupies seventh place out of the 28 countries in the consumption of cereals. Additionally, Greece has the lowest consumption of sugar and sweeteners.
83:
B
Solution: Golden Acre, Pride of India, and Express are the improved varieties of cabbage. Golden acre is the early growing variety with small round heads, colour of the leaves is light green from the outside and dark green from the inside. Individual heads weighing 1 - 1.5 kg, harvested within 60 - 65 days after transplanting, the average yield is 20 - 24 t/ha. Pride of India is also an early growing variety of medium-large head weighing 1 - 1.5 kg, harvested within 70 - 80 days after transplanting, the average yield is 20 - 28 t/ha. Cabbage Express is an early variety of pointy cabbage. It is suitable to eat fresh, for example in salads. It makes 1 - 1.5 kg heavy heads.
84:
A
Solution: Pusa lal is a variety of sweet potato whereas Pusa Red is a variety of Onion. Pusa lal is a selection from a Japanese variety (Norin). It is a purplish red-skinned and white-fleshed variety that produces a high proportion of marketable tubers. This variety is very popular in Delhi, Punjab, Rajasthan, U.P. and Maharashtra. Pusa Red is a variety of onions and in this type, the bulb is medium in size, purple-red, and flattish round, each bulb weighs 70 - 90 g, has less bolting and with poor pungency. The variety requires short to intermediate day length. It matures in 123 - 140 days after transplanting. It is commonly grown in India.
85:
D
Solution: The art of developing plants by pruning or training them into different shapes is called Topiary . It is the practice or art of training, cutting and trimming trees or shrubs into odd or ornamental shapes. It can be any shape like animals, birds, arches, etc. The plant should be amenable to repeated pruning and also flexible with more vegetative growth.
86:
C
Solution: The non-preference insect-resistant mechanism is known as Antixenosis . Antixenosis operates by disrupting normal arthropod behaviour, whereas antibiosis adversely affects a pest's physiological processes, thereby impairing arthropod survival, growth, development and behaviour. It affects the behaviour of an insect pest and is usually expressed as non-preference of the insect for a resistant plant variety as compared with a susceptible crop variety.
87:
D
Solution: International Center for Tropical Agriculture is situated in Colombia . It is an international research and development organization dedicated to reducing poverty and hunger while protecting natural resources in developing countries. It is based in Palmira, Colombia, where it employs over 300 scientists. CIAT is one of the 15 specialized research centres. It aims to "deliver research-based solutions that harness agricultural biodiversity and sustainably transform food systems to improve people's lives".
88:
A
Solution: The term “auxin” is derived from the Greek “auxein” which means “to grow,” and was proposed originally by Kogl and Haagen-Smit . Auxins play a cardinal role in the coordination of many growths and behavioral processes in plant life cycles and are essential for plant body development. The Dutch biologist Frits Warmolt Went first described auxins and their role in plant growth in the 1920s.
89:
B
Solution: Ber is the most suitable among the following options to be grown in arid zones of India. The arid zone of India covers about 12% of the country's geographical area. A total of 32 million ha is hot arid and is spread over parts of Rajasthan (61%), Gujarat (20%), Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka (10%) and Punjab and Haryana (9%). India is the largest producer of ber. In Punjab, ber has been planted on 2500 hectares, with an annual production of 42847 MT.
90:
C
Solution: National Horticulture Board was set up in 1984 at Gurgaon in Haryana. National Horticulture Board (NHB) was set up by the Government of India in 1984 as an autonomous society under the Societies Registration Act 1860. Board has its Head Quarter in Institutional Area, Sector 18, Gurgaon (Haryana). The main objectives of the NHB are to improve the integrated development of the Horticulture industry and to help in coordinating, and sustaining the production and processing of fruits and vegetables.
91:
C
Solution: Pink fleshed variety of guava is Allahabad Surkha and Arka Kiran. Allahabad Surkha: It is a remarkable variety of enormous size with pink colour and has pulpy pink flesh. The plants produce up to 120 kg of organic products in the 6 th year of fruiting. Trees are lively, dome-shaped, and compact. The organic product is sweet and unequivocally enhanced with a couple of seeds. Arka Kiran: It is a pink pulp variety with an average fruit weight of 200 - 220 g with medium soft seeds (9 kg/cm 2 ). Fruits have a lycopene content of 7.14 mg/100 g. The crop will come to harvest after two years of planting. Economic yield starts after five years with an average fruit yield of 20 t/acre in a spacing of 4m × 3m.
92:
D
Solution: The country which has the highest area under hydroponics is Israel . Hydroponic is a type of horticulture and a subset of hydroculture that involves growing plants without soil, by using water-based mineral nutrient solutions in aqueous solvents. Israel, known for its agriculture technologies, is strong in the hydroponics field. Green in the City is one of many urban green spots blooming around Israel. The Society of the Protection of Nature in Israel has an ongoing grassroots project that helps residents build and maintain community gardens.
93:
C
Solution: The nonslip stage variety of muskmelon is Hara Madhu. Hara Madhu is the late maturing variety. Fruits are large, a round shape having an average weight of about 1 kg. Skin is light yellow. TSS contains is about 13% and very sweet in a test. The flesh is of green colour, thick and Juicy. Seeds are of small size. It is resistant to powdery mildew. It gives an average yield of 50 QTL/acre.
94:
A
Solution: A variety of cardamom resistant to the virus is Vijetha . IISR Vijetha is a Malabar plant type released in the year 2001. It takes 105 days from flowering to mature fruits. It is resistant to Katte disease and is recommended to moderate rainfall with moderate to high shaded Mosaic (CMV) infected area.
95:
B
Solution: Petalloid and gummifer type of male sterility is found in carrots . A collection of Daucus species and subspecies, as well as alloplasmic carrot lines, were evaluated for expression of male sterility. More than 100 male-sterile plants were identified and their phenotypes and partial genetic background were characterized. Three potentially new cytoplasmic male-sterile systems based on the cytoplasm of Daucus carota (D. c.) gummifer, D. c. maritimus and D. c. gadecaei were selected. Genetic analyses suggested that a nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction determined the male sterility of the three sources. Clear differentiation between the new sources and carrot cultivars was possible based on the phenotypic and molecular genetic relationships.
96:
D
Solution: The type of inflorescence in pear is Corymbose . A usually flat-topped flower cluster in which the individual flower stalks grow upward from various points of the main stem to approximately the same height is termed Corrymbose inflorescence. The flowers are white, rarely tinted yellow or pink, 2 to 4 centimeters in diameter and have five petals. The inflorescence is corymbose, with 5 to 7 flowers.
97:
A
Solution: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) was set up in 1977 in Aleppo, Syria. ICARDA is an international organization undertaking research for development. It provides innovative, science-based solutions for countries across non-tropical dry areas. Its research aims to reduce poverty and enhance food, water, nutritional security and environmental health, in the face of global challenges, including climate change.
98:
C
Solution: Side harvesting or partial harvesting is practiced in our country in Colocasia . The crop becomes ready for harvesting 120 - 150 days after planting. When the leaves start becoming yellow, which is a sign of maturity. The corms from the early harvest are comparatively soft and are suitable for table purposes but cannot be stored for long. The moisture in the field should be sufficient at the time of harvesting for easy lifting of corms which can be done by spades or other hand tools.
99:
D
Solution: The banana variety suitable for making baby food is Pey Kunnan. It is Karpuravalli, Kanthali. It is a hybrid variety of the AB genome. It is suitable for infant food, Juice and wine, popular in marginal soils. Banana is a calcifuge crop calorific value 67 - 137 per 100 gm. Ripe Banana contains 27% sugar.
100:
D
Solution: Central Agmark Laboratory is situated at Nagpur . AGMARK is a certification mark employed on agricultural products in India, assuring that they conform to a set of standards approved by the Directorate of Marketing and Inspection. The Agmark certification is employed through fully state-owned Agmark laboratories located across the nation which act as testing and certifying centres. In addition to the Central AGMARK Laboratory (CAL) in Nagpur. There are Regional AGMARK Laboratories (RALs) in 11 nodal cities (Mumbai, New Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, Kanpur, Kochi, Guntur, Amritsar, Jaipur, Rajkot, Bhopal).
101:
A
Solution: Selenium among the following acts as an antioxidant. As to their biological action mechanism selenium and its compounds are antioxidants. Selenium is an active immunomodulator, a much more potent anti-oxidant than vitamins E, C and A, beta-carotene, but much more toxic.
102:
B
Solution: Manilkara hexandra (Khirni) is used as root stock for Sapota. A rootstock is part of a plant, often an underground part, from which new above-ground growth can be produced. Manilkara hexandra is a tree species in the tribe Sapoteae , in the family Sapotaceae . It is locally known as the Khirni tree in parts of Bangladesh and India. It is a slow-growing but fairly large evergreen species. It grows in tropical and temperate forests.
103:
D
Solution: Pusa Red is a variety of Onion. Pusa Red is a variety of onions and in this type, the bulb is medium in size, purple-red and flattish round, each bulb weighs 70 - 90 g, has less bolting and with poor pungency. The variety requires short to intermediate day length. It matures in 123 - 140 days after transplanting. It is commonly grown in India.
104:
B
Solution: The primary objective of greenhouse cultivation of vegetables is to get off season yield. It maintains the yield by providing favourable growing conditions and protecting crops from un-favourable weather and various pests. They offer a suitable microclimate for plants and make possible growth and fruiting, which is not possible in open fields. This is why a greenhouse is also known as a "controlled environment greenhouse".
105:
D
Solution: Out of the given options, the calcium carbide chemical not used for artificial ripening in a banana is wrong as it is used in the ripening of a banana. While all the other three statements are correct. Ethylene gas, acetylene gas liberated from calcium carbide and ethephon are some of the commercial ripening agents used successfully in the trade and they have been widely studied for their effectiveness in initiating and accelerating the ripening process and their effect on fruit quality and health-related issues.
106:
A
Solution: The best time for budding in Ber is July - August. Ber belongs to the family Phamnaceae and is indigenous to India. Seeds of any locally adapted and vigorous ber trees can be used for raising rootstocks in the field during July - August for in-situ budding or can be budded in the nursery beds. Budding is done during May - June on Zizyphus mauritiana rootstock.
107:
D
Solution: Polyembryony is the occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed which consequently results in the emergence of multiple seedlings. The mango tree grown from poly-embryonic seed does not need to be grafted. It is observed that the mango tree can produce fruits in 2 to 4 years if they have been grown from a polyembryonic seed. Chandrakaran, Olour and Salem all three are polyembryonic varieties of mango.
108:
C
Solution: The cultivation of vegetables on Dal Lake in Kashmir is referred to as a Floating garden . Islands or floating gardens on the Dal lake in Kashmir are formed from the weeds, after collecting them from the lake itself. Such weeds mostly consist of Typha augustata and Phragmites communis which are in the Kashmiri language known as Pech and Nargasa, respectively. The floating gardens, known as “Raad” in Kashmiri, blossom with lotus flowers during July and August.
109:
A
Solution: In India, the Tomato crop has the maximum percentage area under F1 hybrids . An F1 tomato hybrid occurs when you have two tomato plants of different varieties and then one is pollinated by the other variety's pollen. The seeds of the resulting cross-pollinated tomato will grow plants that are F1 hybrids. The advantage of the F1 hybrid seed is that the plants grown from it are very predictable and uniform. They have been bred for specific characteristics, such as flavour, colour, number of days to harvest, resistance to disease, etc.
110:
A
Solution: The correct answer is A: Rose Option A: Rose - Roses are widely recognized for their beauty, fragrance, and cultural significance. They're often associated with royalty, love, and admiration. This makes them the popular choice for the title "king of flowers." Option B: Dahlia - Dahlias are beautiful and come in many colors and forms. They are more popular as "Queen of the Autumn Flower Show" rather than "King of Flowers". Option C: Orchid - Orchids are exotic and elegant, but they are not commonly referred to as the "king of flowers." They are more associated with rarity and sophistication. Option D: Carnation - Carnations are popular and long-lasting cut flowers, but, like Dahlias and Orchids they are not typically called the "king of flowers." Therefore, "Rose" is the most appropriate and widely accepted answer as the "king of flowers."
111:
B
Solution: The economic portion of sandalwood is Heart wood . Sandalwood refers to the wood from tree species belonging to the family Santalaceae and the genus Santalum. The wood from these trees has a characteristic aromatic fragrance. The heartwood is located at the inner part (center) of the wood. It is called such because of being located at the center of the wood. Santalum album L., commonly known as Indian sandalwood, is a small tropical tree, widely accepted as the most precious and commercial timber species with an estimated market volume of more than $1 billion.
112:
D
Solution: The product obtained by tapping unopened spadix of coconut is called Toddy . The traditional toddy is made from coconut palm sap which is left overnight to ferment. It is a sweet-sour drink with low alcohol content. Coconut tapping refers to the process of collecting the milky white sap from the flower blossom, not the coconut itself. Toddy tapping begins when the tapper starts beating the flower for three days. Once beaten, the flower is then cut to allow the sap to drain.
113:
A
Solution: China is the country that grows the largest number of vegetable crops in the world. China was the leading producer with a production volume of nearly 594 million metric tons, followed by India with approximately 141.2 million metric tons of fresh vegetables. China has only 10% of arable land worldwide and produces a quarter of the global grain output. China leads the agricultural production of fruit, vegetables, cereals, cotton, eggs and poultry.
114:
B
Solution: Cereals are deficient in Lysine amino acid. Cereals are deficient in several essential amino acids including lysine, threonine and tryptophan. The first limiting essential amino acid in cereals is generally lysine. However, there are variations between cereals. In oats, rice, and finger millet the deficiency in lysine may be only marginal, while in sorghum, maize, and other millets it is more pronounced.
115:
A
Solution: The pruning system followed for climbing roses is no pruning. Pruning, in horticulture, is the removal or reduction of parts of a plant, tree, or vine that are not requisite to growth or production, are no longer visually pleasing, or are injurious to the health or development of the plant. Pruning won't benefit climbing roses from being cut back hard unless there are issues with the plant and it requires renovating.
116:
B
Solution: One can protect the stem-end of radish root from becoming green by earthing . The most frequent cause of radishes growing only greens is hot weather. Once the weather warms up, the radish plant bolts and tries to set seed. The lack of development is caused by planting too thickly and not thinning about 1 to 2 inches between plants. In radish, the growing roots tend to push out of the soil surface. Therefore, earthing up and weeding during the early stages of growth is necessary for the proper development of quality roots.
117:
B
Solution: The Institute of Horticultural Technology (IHT) is located in New Delhi . IHT is located in Greater Noida in the Delhi NCR region about 41 km from New Delhi railway station, 54kms from International/Domestic Airport and 45 km from IARI New Delhi. Institute Of Horticulture Technology established in 2009 is a premier Institute for conducting Educational & Research Programmes in Modern Horticulture and providing Residential Capacity Building Training for opening numerous opportunities for career building in India and abroad.
118:
C
Solution: The major alkaloid in periwinkle leaves is Vinblastine . Vinblastine is the salt of an alkaloid extracted from a flowering herb commonly known as periwinkle. Vinblastine is cell cycle phase-specific, it binds to microtubular proteins in the mitotic spindle, thereby preventing cell division during metaphase. Vinblastine is an anti-cancer ("antineoplastic" or "cytotoxic") chemotherapy drug. This medication is classified as a "plant alkaloid".
119:
B
Solution: Pusa Arpita is a variety of Marigold . This variety was developed in the year 2009. Which one is suitable for cultivation in the northern plains. Its flowers are medium-sized and light orange in colour. Plants flower from December to February when cultivated on northern plains. The yield of fresh flowers ranges from 72 to 80 quintals per acre of field cultivated.
120:
A
Solution: Only two chemical preservatives permitted by FPO are Sodium benzoate and Potassium meta-bisulphate. Sodium benzoate is best known as a preservative used in processed foods and beverages to extend shelf life. It is an odorless, crystalline powder made by combining benzoic acid and sodium hydroxide. Potassium metabisulfite , K 2 S 2 O 5 , also known as potassium pyrosulfite, is a white crystalline powder with a pungent odour. It is mainly used as an antioxidant or chemical sterilant.
121:
B
Solution: Potassium permanganate is used as an ethylene scavenger in fruit packaging. Ethylene scavengers extend the shelf life and retain the original food quality. Ethylene scavenging is done by chemical reactions and physical adsorption. It is used as a chemical oxidizer of ethylene. It is widely embedded in various materials as porous sachets to enhance scavenging capability.
122:
C
Solution: White pepper is obtained from Ripe berries . White pepper, like black pepper, is made from the berries of the pepper plant, also known as the Piper nigrum . Unlike black pepper, however, white pepper comes from berries that are picked at full ripeness. These berries are then soaked in water to ferment.
123:
B
Solution: National Project on Organic Farming (NPOF) was started in 2004 . National Project on Organic Farming (NPOF) is a continuing central sector scheme launched in 2004 since the 10 th Five Year Plan by subsuming the National Project on Development and use of Bio fertilizers under the Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. The main aim is to Promote organic farming practices to reduce the burden on Chemical Fertilizers, to ensure effective utilization of farm resources. Planning Commission had approved the scheme as a pilot project for the remaining two and half years of the 10 th plan period with effect from 01.10.2004 with an outlay of Rs. 57.04 crores.
124:
C
Solution: The scientific name of the White Button Mushroom is Agaricus bisporus . Agaricus bisporus is an edible basidiomycete mushroom native to grasslands in Europe and North America. It is originally a gilled fungus. It was first described by English botanist Mordecai Cubitt Cooke in his 1871 Handbook of British Fungi, as a variety (var. hortensis) of Agaricus campestris.
125:
C
Solution: Dwarf mutant cultivar of papaya is Pusa Nanha . It is released by the IARI, a regional station at PUSA, Bihar. It was developed through mutation breeding by treating the seeds of papaya strain Pusa 1-15 with 15 Kr gamma rays. It is a dwarf dioecious mutant, 106 cm in height.
126:
A
Solution: The maximum concentration of alkaloids in Cinchona is found in Barks . Cinchona, (genus Cinchona), is a genus of about 23 species of plants, mostly trees, in the madder family (Rubiaceae), native to the Andes of South America. Cinchona bark contains quinoline alkaloids. Quinine, quinidine, cinchonine and cinchonidine are the major substances among over thirty others. The bark of some species contains quinine which is useful against malaria.
127:
A
Solution: Cucurbitacin is the glucoside that helps prevent spoilage of cooked vegetables of bitter gourd. It is a class of biochemical compounds that some plants notably members of the pumpkin and gourd family, Cucurbitaceae produce and which function as a defense against herbivores. Cucurbitacins impart a bitter taste in plant foods such as cucumber, zucchini, melon and pumpkin. Cucurbitacins have potent biological activities depending on the target cells such as cytotoxic, anti-tumor properties, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, cardiovascular and anti-diabetic effects.
128:
B
Solution: Self blanched variety of cauliflower is Pusa Deepali . The Self Blanching cauliflower is known for its bright white curds with a delicious flavor! The Self Blanching cauliflower has self-wrapping leaves that help protect the white curds from the sun, thus the name Self Blanching Cauliflower. Pusa deepali is the variety of cauliflower developed at IARI, New Delhi. Recommended for Northern India, particularly Delhi and Punjab. It is an early maturing variety, curd compact, self-blanching, white, medium-sized, and almost free from riceyness, curds ready for harvest in late October. The average yield is 12 t/ha.
129:
D
Solution: The most important disease of bananas in India is bunchy top . The banana bunchy top is a viral disease caused by a single-stranded DNA virus called the banana bunchy top virus (BBTV). It was first identified in Fiji in 1879. The disease is transmitted from plant to plant in tropical regions of the world by aphids. Banana bunchy top disease affects the banana fruit and foliage and is caused by a single-strand DNA virus, the banana bunchy top virus. BBTV can infect species of the family Musaceae, which includes bananas, plantains, abaca and more.
130:
D
Solution: Central Institute of Post-harvest Engineering Technology (CIPHET) is located in Ludhiana. Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology (CIPHET) is an institute to take up the Lead in Research in the area of post-harvest engineering and technology suitable for agricultural production and agro-industries. CIPHET is equipped with all types of post-harvest machines that can encourage mechanization and are agro and user-friendly equipment. It also offers training to students pursuing a Bachelor of Technology (Agricultural Engineering).
131:
A
Solution: "Thermoperiodicity" refers to the response of the plant to high day temperature and low temperature rather than a constant temperature. It is commonly observed in tomatoes . It is also called thermal periodicity, the growth or flowering responses of plants to alternation of warm and cool periods. Daily temperature fluctuations produce dramatic effects on the growth or flowering of most plants. This phenomenon has been applied to the production of tomatoes. Most flowers are produced when tomatoes are grown at 26.7°C during the day and 17.2° - 20°C at night. Thermoperiodic effects are distinct from photoperiodic effects.
132:
A, H
Solution: Date palm is dioecious, not monoecious . This is not correctly matched. In Date palms, the male and female flowers develop on separate individuals. Papaya is polygamous , with three primary sex types: female, male and bisexual. There are some cases where plants produce more than one kind of flower at the same time. Walnut trees are monoecious , meaning a single tree contains both male (catkin) and female (pistillate) flowers, allowing the trees to self-pollinate. Pistachio nut Plants are dioecious , with separate male and female trees. The flowers are apetalous and unisexual and borne in panicles.
133:
B
Solution: The air in Controlled atmosphere storage is maintained such that it has Low O2, High CO2 . A controlled atmosphere is an agricultural storage method in which the concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, as well as the temperature and humidity of a storage room, are regulated. Both dry commodities and fresh fruit and vegetables can be stored in controlled atmospheres.
134:
D
135:
A
Solution: The export variety of mango is Alphanso. The Alphonso mango is a named mango cultivar that originated in India. The variety is named after Afonso de Albuquerque, a Portuguese nobleman who was the Viceroy of Portuguese India from 1509 to 1515. The Alphonso is a seasonal fruit, available mid-April through the end of June. The fruits generally weigh between 150 and 300 grams and have a rich, creamy, tender texture and delicate, non-fibrous, juicy pulp. The Alphonso is prized in domestic and international markets for its taste, fragrance and vibrant colour. It is exported to various countries, including Japan, Korea and Europe.
136:
D
Solution: The red colour of light favors stems elongation which unfavorably resembles etiolated plants. Etiolation is a process in flowering plants grown in the partial or complete absence of light. Lack of sufficient light retards chlorophyll formation and promotes slender growth with long internodes, thus leading to pale green leaves, spindly growth, and premature drop of leaves and flowers. This process is regulated by the exposure of various photoreceptor pigments to light. Phytochrome A and phytochrome B both respond to an increasing proportion of red light to far-red light which occurs when the shoot comes out into the open.
137:
B
Solution: The sweet lemon variety susceptible to granulation is Sathgudi . Granulation is a serious pre-harvest disorder of juice sacs of citrus fruit which drastically affect citrus production. Satgudi oranges are early to mid-season varieties highly favoured for their sweet flavour, high yields and adaptability. The oranges are also known as Sathgudi in local markets and are the most cultivated variety in Andhra Pradesh for commercial use.
138:
A
Solution: Radish is a cross pollinated crop . It is a modified root. Radish flowers are pollinated by insects including bees and flies. Pollen must be moved from plant to plant as well as from flower to flower or pods will not form. All radish varieties can cross with one another and with wild radish R. raphanistrum, but they will not cross with other brassicas.
139:
D
Solution: Blue coloured annual is Corn Flower . Cornflower or Centaurea cyanus , is a cool weather annual that is easily grown in average, medium moisture, well-drained soils in full sun to light shade. Purple blue flowers bloom from late spring into summer and attract butterflies.
140:
C
Solution: The optimum seed rate (g/ha) of cabbage is 400. Seed rate is the quantity of seed of a crop that is required to sow a unit area of land for optimum crop production. To maintain optimum plant population in the field for higher yield harvest. To prevent seed wastage from excess sowing reduces the initial cost of production.
141:
A
Solution: Buttoning is related to cauliflower crops. It is a type of disorder of cauliflower and is identified by the development of small 'buttons' while the plants are small and consequently, the curds get open. Lower and Higher temperatures at the time of planting, Low Soil moisture, and nutrient deficiencies like nitrogen and micronutrient deficiencies lead to buttoning of cauliflower, a condition with smaller heads. Planting aged saplings are also one of the main reason for buttoning.
142:
D
Solution: Arka Krishika is a variety of Gerbera . This is the desi variety of gerbera, released by ICAR-horticultural Research. Flowers are the double type with yellow colour. Its Yield is 400 to 425 flowers/m 2 /year. It is usually used as a Cut flower and for floral decoration. The most important characteristic is it is suitable for open field cultivation.
143:
A
Solution: Epicotyl grafting is practiced in the case of Mango . Epicotyl grafting is a technique for faster multiplication of mango. Grafting is the process of joining two separate plant parts so that they will unite and continue to grow as a single plant. Epicotyl grafting is a special type of grafting mostly practiced in mango propagation. It is also called stone grafting because mango stones are used as propagation material to produce rootstocks.
144:
A
Solution: The collection of trees is called Arboretum . It is a botanical garden developed and devoted to trees. It is a place where trees, shrubs and sometimes herbaceous plants are cultivated for scientific and educational purposes. An arboretum may be a collection in its own right or a part of a botanical garden.
145:
A
Solution: The optimum seed rate to get the desired population of okra (kg/ha) in the Kharif season is 8 - 10. Seed rate is the quantity of seed of a crop that is required to sow a unit area of land for optimum crop production. To maintain optimum plant population in the field for higher yield harvest. To prevent seed wastage from excess sowing reduces the initial cost of production.
146:
C
Solution: Among cucurbits, which fruit is richest in iron content Watermelon . According to USDA, 100 grams of watermelon has about 0.24 gm of iron . Watermelons are rich in vitamin C, which further increases the efficiency of non-heme iron in the body. Watermelon is also a good source of lycopene and beta-carotene which helps in increasing iron absorption in the body.
147:
B
Solution: Orange is one of the following fruits that is botanically called "Hesperidium". Citrus fruit is botanically classified as a type of berry called a hesperidium that has a thick, leathery rind, with numerous oil glands, and a large flesh portion composed of several wedge-shaped sections. Fruits in the citrus family (Rutaceae) such as oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, kumquats, and clementines are all examples of hesperidia. They are berries with leathery skin.
148:
B
Solution: Hybrid RS-841 is a rootstock for Watermelon . Cucurbita maxima x Cucurbita moschata interspecific hybrid, with excellent results after many years in the sector. It is a pumpkin rootstock for watermelon. Extraordinary affinity with all-grown varieties. A vigorous plant that keeps its development despite adverse conditions like soil and temperatures.
149:
C
Solution: The minimum % of fruit juice in barley water should be (FPO Specification) 25% . It contains at least 25 percent juice and 30 percent TSS. It also contains about 1.5 percent acid and 350 ppm of sulphur dioxide. This is very suitable for blending with wines. Lime and lemon are suitable for making cordial. Barley water contains tocols, antioxidants that lower your cholesterol and clear artery blockages.
150:
C
Solution: Carrot belongs to the family Umbelliferae . Apiaceae or Umbelliferae is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. Some members of this family, including carrot, celery, fennel, parsley and parsnip, contain polyynes, an unusual class of organic compounds that exhibit cytotoxic effects.
151:
D
Solution: Mentha arvensis is Japanese mint . It is a species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae. It is a herbaceous perennial plant generally growing to 10 - 60 cm and rarely up to 100 cm tall. It has a creeping rootstock from which to grow erect or semi-sprawling squarish stems.
152:
C
Solution: Baby's breath flower belongs to the botanical family Caryophyllaceae . Gypsophila paniculata , the baby's breath, common gypsophila or panicled baby's-breath, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to central and eastern Europe. It is an herbaceous perennial growing to 1.2 m tall and wide, with mounds of branching stems covered in clouds of tiny white flowers in summer (hence the common name "baby's breath").
153:
D
Solution: Golden Acre - the variety of cabbage was introduced from Denmark . The Golden Acre is a tasty cabbage that arrives early and is suited for close spacing. This early roundhead cabbage is easily grown and versatile in use. Heads are about 6 to 7 inches in diameter on compact plants about a foot high. Its firm, medium green head is excellent cooked or raw in stews and salads. Reaching maturity in about 60 to 65 days, Golden Acre cabbages are often among the first cabbages to be harvested from the garden in the spring.
154:
C
Solution: Edible banana fruit is seedless because of Vegetative parthenocarpy . Parthenocarpy is the development of fruit without fertilization. It is the natural or artificially induced production of fruit without fertilization of ovules, which makes the fruit seedless. The fruit resembles a normally produced fruit but is seedless. Varieties of pineapple, banana, cucumber, grape, orange, grapefruit, persimmon and breadfruit exemplify naturally occurring parthenocarpy.
155:
C
Solution: The triploid variety of crossandra is Soundarya . Crossandra (Crossandra infundibuliformis), is an evergreen subshrub sometimes called a firecracker flower, can be used as a houseplant or in the landscape. This tropical flower is easy to grow. Propagation is by seeds or stem cuttings. In the case of triploid varieties, cuttings are used. Cuttings should be transplanted when sufficient roots are developed.
156:
B
Solution: Recessive bud mutation is most likely to be expressed in a Clone . A clone is a group of plants produced exclusively from a single individual plant through asexual reproduction. Bud mutation is a type of somatic mutation in plants, which refers to changes in the genetic material in meristem cells of the bud during cell division. And Recessive bud mutation gets expressed only under homozygous conditions, thus can be expressed in clones only, through asexual or somatic hybridization.
157:
C
Solution: Fruit bud differentiation in Aonla takes place from March - April . Aonla being a sub-tropical crop prefers a dry sub-tropical climate. Heavy frost during the winter season is not suitable for its cultivation. Slightly acidic to saline/sodic soil having a pH between 6.5 to 9.5 is suitable for cultivation. Aonla is propagated by budding or softwood grafting. Planting of aonla is mainly done in July - August. An aonla tree may bear 1 - 3 q/tree, giving 15 - 20 tonnes/ha.
158:
A
Solution: National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI) is located in Lucknow, U.P. It is a research institute of CSIR and is engaged in the field of taxonomy and modern biology. Originally conceptualized and set up as the National Botanic Gardens (NBG) by Professor Kailas Nath Kaul on behalf of the State Government of Uttar Pradesh, it was taken over by the CSIR in 1953.
159:
D
Solution: Sulphur fungicide can be freely used on all vegetables except cucurbitaceous vegetables , as because most of the plants of the cucurbit family are sensitive to Sulphur, and it may injure plants, especially at high temperatures. Elemental sulphur can be in dust form or as a wettable powder. However, the most popular fungicides in sulphur groups are the organic compounds known as dithiocarbamates. These sulphur fungicides Control diseases in fruits, vegetables and flowers. Effective against powdery mildew, rust, scab, brown rot, rose black spot and many more.
160:
D
Solution: Diara's method of cultivation is followed in the case of squashes, watermelon and pumpkin also. The flood-prone areas are located mainly in the Mahanadi delta. Diara lands are, in general, associated with two natural calamities, viz. flood and drought. And farming on these diara lands on the banks of rivers is termed Diara farming or riverbed cultivation. Diara farming is a pro-poor focused program for the rural community to increase household income and to improve the food security of landless.
161:
D
Solution: Potato tuber moth (P. operculella) is the major pest of potatoes during storage. Tuber moth is a cosmopolitan pest, especially in warm temperate and tropical regions where host plants are grown. On tuber, detection is very difficult without cutting open some tubers, when larvae will be apparent within the potatoes.
162:
D
Solution: Karnataka is the state with the highest Acreage of Pumpkin. Pumpkin is a popular vegetable and it can be grown in various types of climatic conditions. When most of the farmers in the Hyderabad Karnataka region have been going through tough times owing to consecutive droughts, a few have shielded themselves from the vagaries of nature, and thus selected pumpkin cultivation. And on average, 2.590 ha th was reported to be under cultivation of pumpkin in 2017 in Karnataka.
163:
B
Solution: The annual flower used as a live screen is the sweet pea . Annuals are nature’s powerhouse plants, marching through a single growing season with sure and steady colour. The term "annual" when applied to herbaceous ornamentals refers to plants that are grown for only one season. Rapid-growing annual plants are suitable for large screens and hedges when trained on fences and trellises.
164:
B
Solution: Roopa is an improved variety of walnuts. More than 95 percent of walnut plantations in India are of seedling origin and are being grown since ancient times. Being a cross-pollinated crop each growing plant in walnut is a different genotype. The varieties grown in India are mostly selected from indigenous materials or introduced from abroad. Roopa variety with high shelling percentage, better kernel quality, and a soft shell has been identified and thus released for cultivation.
165:
A
Solution: Russet sprouting in lettuce is caused due to Ethylene exposure . The russet spot is caused by ethylene production and can occur in mature to over-mature lettuce, especially following anaerobic conditions in the field. Russet spotting is a physiological disorder induced in iceberg lettuce by exposure to parts per million levels of ethylene at +/-2 degrees C. Ethylene-induced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and ionically bound peroxidase activities correlated with the development of Russet sprouting symptoms.
166:
D
Solution: Phalsa belongs to the family Tiliaceae . The phalsa is indigenous throughout much of India and Southeast Asia. Litchi is a monotypic taxon and the sole member of the genus. Litchi in the soapberry family i.e. Sapindaceae . Apple belongs to the family Rosaceae , which includes herbs, shrubs, and trees. Most species are deciduous, but some are evergreen. Mulberry belongs to the Moraceae family and comprises about 40 genera and some 1000 species of deciduous or evergreen trees and shrubs, distributed mostly in tropical and subtropical regions.
167:
B
Solution: Walnut is one of the following options which is a rich source of Fat. Fat is one of the three essential macronutrients the body needs, along with carbohydrates and protein. A balanced diet should include healthful monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats. Walnuts are rich in antioxidants and healthy fats. They may reduce heart disease and cancer risk, as well as improve brain function and possibly slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
168:
A
Solution: The plum cot is a cross between Prunus salicina × P. armeniaca. A plumcot is also known as Pluot is a cross between a plum and an apricot. The plumcot tree can reproduce asexually by budding whereas the apriplum tree resulted from hybridized seedlings and cannot reproduce. Through an all-natural process of breeding apricots and plums, this amazingly exceptional flavourful category of fruit has taken the marketplace by storm.
169:
A
Solution: A stock, also known as equity, is a security that represents the ownership of a fraction of the issuing corporation. Units of stock are called "shares" which entitles the owner to a proportion of the corporation's assets and profits equal to how much stock they own. Stocks offer investors the greatest potential for growth (capital appreciation) over the long haul. Stock conveys a message of Luxury.
170:
C
Solution: Non Parasitic disorder due to deficiency of calcium in tomatoes is BER (Blossom end rot). The problem occurs when tomato plants have grown rapidly during the early part of the season and are then subjected to hot dry weather when the fruits are in an early stage of development. However, too much water such as heavy irrigation may also bring on the problem. Symptoms first appear as a water-soaked spot near the blossom end of the fruit, later the spot becomes brown and enlarges.
171:
B
Solution: Rubberization is a physiological disorder of Garlic . The rubberization and premature sprouting of bulbs are the main physiological disorders.
Higher level watering is also a cause for rubber nature. Excess Nitrogen i.e, 150 to 250 kg applying also produced a large quantity of rubber garlic. Applying High levels of nitrogen and urea increases the number of rubber.
Higher level watering is also a cause for rubber nature. Excess Nitrogen i.e, 150 to 250 kg applying also produced a large quantity of rubber garlic. Applying High levels of nitrogen and urea increases the number of rubber.
172:
A
Solution: Prostrate-bearing habit is found in the Malabar cultivar of cardamom. The panicles are prostrate and 60 - 90 cm long, round or ovoid, pale green in colour and ribbed. Cardamom is one of the oldest known species in the world. The cultivar Malabar with a prostrate panicle (Panicles spreading on the ground) is widely grown in Karnataka, while the cultivar Mysore, characterized by erect panicles is extensively cultivated in Kerala and parts of Tamil Nadu.
173:
C
Solution: In India, the Banana is the fruit that has the highest production. With a total annual production of 16.91 million tonnes from 490.70 thousand hectares with a national average of 33.5 T/ha. Maharashtra ranks first in production with 60 T/ha. Banana contributes 37% to total fruit production in India. Bananas occupy 20% area among the total area under crop in India.
174:
C
Solution: Freedom-II is a virus-resistant transgenic variety of Squash . It was commercialized in 1995. It is the first variety of genetically engineered yellow squash and the second GE crop to be cleared by U.S regulators. Freedom II was engineered with viral coat protein genes to be resistant to two viruses that are watermelon Mosaic virus 2 (WMV 2) and Zucchini Yellow Mosaic virus (ZYMV).
175:
B
Solution: Pithiness-resistant turnip variety is Pusa Kanchan . Pithiness is formed by the collapse of parenchymatous tissue/cells in root tissue caused by excessive root growth in comparison with the corresponding assimilation ability of leaf tissue. It is the sign of senescence and its degree varies depending on the varieties to varieties. Pusa Kanchan is a selection from the cross between Asiatic Red × Golden Ball. Its roots are round, medium-sized, skin red and flesh light yellow. It is excellent in taste and flavour. Roots do not develop pithiness even if harvesting is delayed.
176:
B
Solution: Mango seed loses their viability within 4 - 5 week. A viable seed is capable of germination under suitable conditions. The definition includes dormant but viable seeds, in which case the dormancy must be broken before viability can be measured by germination. Mango seeds lose viability very rapidly i.e. within 4 - 5 weeks. It is essential to clean the seed as soon as possible after its removal from the fruit. It then needs to dry in the shade for a day or two. The outer husk must be removed before planting.
177:
A
Solution: The optimum seed rate (g/ha) of cauliflower is 300 - 400. Seed rate may be defined as the amount of seed required for a unit area of land to grow any crop successfully. For the early season variety of cauliflower seed rate of 400 gm is required whereas for the late and main season variety seed rate of 350 gm per acre is required. Before sowing dip seeds in hot water (50°C for 30 min) or [email protected] gm/Ltr for two hours for better yield and to avoid any contamination.
178:
D
Solution: Tutti-fruiti is a processed product is prepared from both Papaya and Bottle gourd. It is a colourful confectionery containing various chopped and usually candied fruits, or an artificial or natural flavouring simulating the combined flavour of many different fruits and vanilla. It is prepared with unripe papaya and bottle gourd with a large amount of sugar. These candied fruits come in bright red colour, green and yellow colour.
179:
A
Solution: The economic part of Asafoetida is the female Rhizome . Asafoetida is the dried aromatic gum resin exuded from the living rhizome, rootstock, or taproot of varied plant species of the genus Ferula. Asafoetida is extracted from the Ferula plants which have massive taproots or carrot-shaped roots, 12.5 - 15 cm in diameter at the crown when they are 4 - 5 years old.
180:
C
Solution: Oleoresin is extracted from chilies . Oleoresins are semi-solid extracts composed of resin and essential or fatty oil, obtained by evaporation of the solvents used for their production. It is extracted from finely ground chili or paprika powder. A volatile non-aqueous solvent such as hexane, ether, or ethylene dichloride is added and allowed to thoroughly wet the material. The oleoresin enters into solution with the solvent, forming micella.
181:
B
Solution: Glycoalkaloids impart a bitter taste in brinjal are Solasodine . The presence of two kinds of steroidal saponosides imparts a bitter taste to eggplant. They are glycoalkaloids and melongosides. Solasodine is a poisonous alkaloid chemical compound that occurs in plants of the family Solanaceae. It has diuretic, anticancer, antifungal, cardiotonic, anti-spermatogenetic, antiandrogenic, immunomodulatory, antipyretic and various effects on the central nervous system.
182:
C
Solution: Arabica coffee is Tetraploid . It is a species of flowering plant in the coffee and madder family Rubiaceae. It is believed to be the first species of coffee to have been cultivated and is currently the dominant cultivar, representing about 60% of global production. Coffea arabica is the only polyploid species of the genus Coffea, as it carries 4 copies of the 11 chromosomes (44 total) instead of the 2 copies of diploid species, thus tetraploid.
183:
B
Solution: Arka Prasan is a variety of Ridge gourd . It is open pollinated early variety with green, long, tender fruits, and excellent cooking quality. It is usually ready within 42 - 45 days for first picking and Yields 26.0 t/ha in 120 - 135 days. It is mostly recommended for cultivation in Karnataka.
184:
A
Solution: Browning of media causing drying of explants is mainly due to Tannins . The underlying cause of tissue browning is the accumulation and subsequent oxidation of phenolic compounds in the tissue and culture media. Tannins (commonly referred to as tannic acid) are water-soluble polyphenols that are present in many plant foods. It is mostly responsible for the browning of media and drying of explants in culture.
185:
C
Solution: Cucumber striped beetle is a vector of Bacterial wilt . Adults feed on flowers, leaves and fruit, but focus their feeding on the undersides of developing fruit during warm periods. Feeding on flowers and leaves may result in severe defoliation, whereas feeding on fruit produces scarring damage that directly reduces yield. In addition to direct feeding damage, the striped cucumber beetle (along with the spotted cucumber beetle) is the primary vector of bacterial wilt disease in cucurbits, caused by the pathogen Erwinia tracheiphila .
186:
B
Solution: Prevention of Food Adulteration (PFA) act was passed in the year 1954. The Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 (Amended in 1964, 1976, 1986). The Act protects from adulteration/contamination of food that may lead to health risks for consumers. The Act deals with the frauds also that can be perpetrated by the dealers by supplying cheaper or adulterated foods. To prevent food adulteration regular surveillance, monitoring, inspection and random sampling of food products, including edible oil is performed.
187:
B
Solution: The ratio of green onion to dry onion is 10 : 1. Onion ( Allium cepa ), a very commonly used vegetable, ranks third in the world production of major vegetables. Processing and preservation of onion by suitable means is a major thrust area for a long time. The various kinds of treatments followed for dehydration of onion such as convective air drying, solar drying, fluidized bed drying, vacuum microwave drying, infrared drying and osmotic drying.
188:
A
Solution: The best pH for tomato cultivation is 6.0 - 7.0. Tomato can be grown on a wide range of soils from sandy to heavy clay. However, well-drained, sandy or red loam soils rich in organic matter with a pH range of 6.0 - 7.0 are considered ideal. Tomato is a warm-season crop. The best fruit colour and quality are obtained at a temperature range of 21 - 24°C.
189:
D
Solution: Agrifound red is a variety of Multiplier onions . Bulbs are dark red, globular in shape, 46 cm in size with tight skin, and moderately pungent. TSS is 12 - 13%. The plant matures in 95 - 110 days after transplanting. The yield is 30 - 40 t/ha. Average keeping quality. Recommended for Kharif season. Suitable for export purposes.
190:
B
Solution: Yeast is employed in the preparation of Wine . The role of yeast in winemaking is the most important element that distinguishes wine from fruit juice. In the absence of oxygen, yeast converts the sugars of the fruit into alcohol and carbon dioxide through the process of fermentation. The more sugars in the grapes, the higher the potential alcohol level of the wine if the yeast is allowed to carry out fermentation to dryness.
191:
A
Solution: Boron deficiency in radish causes Akashin . The leaves of boron deficient radishes are deformed, brittle and chlorotic. In cases of severe boron deficiency, the leaf tip dies. The roots crack and are pale in colour. The growth of the root is checked. This disorder generally occurs due to a deficiency of Boron. It is induced by fluctuation in day and night temperature.
192:
A
Solution: Early blight of tomato is caused by Fungus . Early blight is a common tomato disease caused by the fungus Alternaria solani . It can affect almost all parts of the tomato plants, including the leaves, stems and fruits. The plants may not die, but they will be weakened and will set fewer tomatoes than normal. Tomatoes that have early blight require immediate attention before the disease takes over the plants. Thoroughly spray the plant (bottoms of leaves also) with Bonide Liquid Copper Fungicide concentrate or Bonide Tomato & Vegetable.
193:
C
Solution: “Petha” falls under the category of product Candy. It is a translucent soft candy from the Indian subcontinent made from ash gourd or white pumpkin or simply petha in Hindi. The gourd is sliced into bite-sized pieces and then cured for a few hours in a solution of lime. They boil the gourd pieces until they are soft after removing them from the lime solution and then they soak them in a flavorful syrup. The final candy has a sugar-crisp exterior and an almost moist, sticky interior with a chewy, crystalline texture.
194:
C
Solution: Tomato cultivar suitable for processing is both Roma and Punjab chhuara . The Roma tomato or Roma is a plum tomato popularly used both for canning and producing tomato paste because of its slender and firm nature. Romas are a great source of potassium and vitamin C and many other nutrients. Punjab chhura - Fruits are seedless, pear shape, red and firm with thick walls or skin. Marketable quality remains for 7 days after harvesting and is thus suitable for long-distance transportation and processing and processing. It gives an average yield of 325 qtl/acre.
195:
D
Solution: Poisonous baiting is done to control fruitflies from the following options of insect pests. Poisonous baits are a pesticide that is a mixture of food & something toxic that have lethal activity against targeted pests. The food usually acts as an attractant. Bait sprays consist of liquid food (protein) attractant and an insecticide. Baits are generally sprayed onto the foliage and trunks of trees and plants. Both the male and female adult flies are attracted to the baits while foraging over the leaves for food and are poisoned after feeding on the spray droplets.
196:
B
Solution: The sweet orange variety prone to pre-harvest fruit drops is Blood red malta . Blood Oranges are a very unique species of orange. The malta fruit themselves are red fleshed and when juiced has a hint of raspberry. It is a very beautiful ornamental orange. The tree is evergreen and can grow to soar heights of 12 - 15 feet if planted outside. The fruit Malta is also said to boost the immune system and to be effective for treating pneumonia, blood pressure, stomach and intestinal problems and diseases related to vitamin C deficiency.
197:
B
Solution: Para rubber is Hevea brasiliensis . It is the tree that naturally produces rubber. It is native to tropical areas in South America, in the Amazon (Brazil). Para Rubber trees belong to the Euphorbiaceae family. In the wild, they may reach heights of 100 to 125 ft (30 - 38 m) with large cylindrical trunks with or without buttresses. Their trunks are cut just deep enough to tap the vessels without harming the tree's growth and the sap is collected in small buckets. This process is known as rubber tapping.
198:
A
Solution: The Father of systematic pomology is De Candolle . De Candolle originated the idea of "Nature's war", which influenced Charles Darwin and the principle of natural selection. Systematic pomology is the classification of fruits, practical pomology, the science of growing fruit, and commercial pomology, the science of marketing fruits.
199:
C
Solution: An illness which is known as "favism" is caused in people due to an allergy to pollen and green pod of Broad bean. The term 'favism' is used to indicate a severe reaction occurring on ingestion of foodstuffs consisting of or containing the beans of the leguminous plant Vicia faba (fava bean, broad bean). Within 6 - 24 h of the bean meal, the reaction manifests itself with prostration, pallor, jaundice and dark urine. Some people suffer from favism, a hemolytic response to the consumption of broad beans, a condition linked to a metabolism disorder. Sufferers of favism must avoid broad beans, as they contain the alkaloid glycoside vicine which may initiate a hemolytic crisis.
200:
A
Solution: Pollination in mango takes place by a housefly . Mango (Mangifera indica) flowers are pollinated by various insects such as wasps, ants, flies, butterflies, beetles and bees as well as by wind. Major pollinating insects of mango were found to be from order Diptera, that is, Meliopona sp, Syrphus sp. House fly. Flies and stingless bees are thought to be the main pollinators of mangoes as they visit the flowers in large numbers and disperse between different trees.
201:
B
Solution: FPO specification for the concentration of SO 2 in squashes is 350 ppm. The toxicity of SO 2 increases at high temperatures. Hence its effectiveness depends on the acidity, pH, temperature and substances present in fruit juice. According to FPO, the maximum amount of SO 2 allowed in fruit juice is 700 ppm, in squash, crushed and cordial 350 ppm, and RTS and nectar 100 ppm.
202:
C
Solution: The fruit type in Pomegranate is Balausta . The pomegranate ( Punica granatum ) is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub in the family Lythraceae, subfamily Punicoideae. Red-purple in color, the pomegranate fruit husk has two parts: an outer, hard pericarp and an inner, spongy mesocarp (white "albedo"), which comprises the fruit inner wall where seeds attach. The number of seeds in a pomegranate can vary from 200 to about 1,400.
203:
C
Solution: Papaya latex is preserved using KMS . Papaya latex is from the flower of male papaya with main compositions consisting of proteolytic enzymes, papain and chemopapain, glutamine cyclotransferase, chymopapain A, B and C, peptidase A and B and lysozymes. Papaya latex is used since it contains papain enzyme that has been proven for its ability to reduce the solution of silver nitride into nanosilver ions. The latex is mixed with KMS immediately after collection and stored at a cold temperature. It is spread in trays and dried in a vaccum shelf drier for about 4 hours. The dried papain is powdered in a hammer or roller mill and thus preserved.
204:
D
Solution: Soil binding aromatic crops is Vetiver . Vetiver is sometimes applied directly to the skin for relieving stress, as well as for emotional traumas and shock, lice, and repelling insects. It is also used for arthritis, stings and burns. Vetiver is sometimes inhaled as aromatherapy for nervousness, insomnia, and joint and muscle pain. The roots are woven into mats, and hand fans and are also used in air coolers. Vetiver is planted in sloppy areas to prevent soil erosion as it binds with the soil.
205:
D
Solution: The major Alkaloid in Ashwagandha is Withanine . The biologically active chemical constituents of Withania somnifera (WS) include alkaloids (isopelletierine, anaferine, cuseohygrine, anahygrine, etc.), steroidal lactones and saponins. Withanine, a group of alkaloids isolated from the roots of the plant, forms 38% of the total weight of alkaloids. The principal withanolides extracted from W. somnifera in India were withanolide D and withaferin A which exhibited antitumor and cytotoxic properties.
206:
C
Solution: Pointed gourd (dioecious) is propagated by Stem cutting. Trichosanthes dioica, also known as a pointed gourd, is a vine plant in the family Cucurbitaceae, similar to cucumber and squash, though unlike those it is perennial. It is a dioecious vine plant with heart-shaped leaves and is grown on a trellis. It is normally propagated through stem cuttings & root suckers. Its seeds are not used in planting due to poor germination & inability to determine the sex of plants before flowering.
207:
C
Solution: Litchi is propogated by air layering . Air-layering or 'Gootee' is a widely accepted method of propagation in India. In this method, a healthy and vigorous, upright twig of about one year old and 2.5 to 4 cm in diameter is selected. A circular strip of bark about 2 cm wide just below a bud is completely removed from the selected twig. The most commonly used commercial method of propagation of litchi is air layering. Litchis can also be propagated by seeds, grafting, or cuttings. The highly heterozygotic characteristic of this species prevents the commercial propagation by seeds.
208:
B
Solution: Cum-swelling is due to Clostridium botulinum . Clostridium botulinum is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic, spore-forming, motile bacterium with the ability to produce the neurotoxin botulinum. The botulinum toxin can cause botulism, a severe flaccid paralytic disease in humans and other animals. It also causes swelling.
209:
B
Solution: Induction of more staminate flowers in cucurbits is seen under Long day conditions . Cucurbits have distinct, separate male and female flowers. This is a female flower and you can see the fruit right underneath it and over here is a simple male flower. The sterility is non-genetic, non-heritable, and induced with the help of chemicals that make the male part abortive, known as chemical-induced male sterility. Ethylene is the main factor of flower sex differentiation in the buds of the Cucurbitaceae family, which induces the femaleness of flowers. Induction of male flowering in gynoecious cucumbers by silver ions especially in long-day conditions.
210:
D
Solution: The intergeneric hybrid of apple and pear is Papple . An intergeneric hybrid is a cross between plants in two different genera in the same family. They are closely related enough that pollination will produce a hybrid, though the seeds of this hybrid are usually sterile. The Papple is a cross between Chinese and Japanese pear species. It is highly attractive with a red-orange blush over a yellow background. It has a mild sweet tropical flavour with a crisp and juicy texture. Papple is ready to eat and does not need time to ripen and soften.
211:
A
Solution: BH-2 is a hybrid variety of brinjal which is most suitable for Bartha making. It is a hybrid between EP65 × Pusa Uttam. Moderately tolerant to shoot (7.26%) and fruit borer (16.50%). Fruits are medium-sized, slightly oblong and glossy violet in colour Fruits contain 16.5 mg/100 g ascorbic acid. Recommended under irrigated conditions during July - December and January - June. High yielding (58 t/ha) in a crop duration of 120 - 130 days.
212:
A
Solution: Onion and garlic are peeled by the Flame peeling method. It is the process of exposure of fruit or vegetables to intense heat to char the peel and facilitate its rapid removal by a powerful stream of water. It is used in onions, garlic and Brinjal. The peeler consists of a conveyor belt that carries and rotates food through a furnace heated to more than 1000 degrees Celcius. The outer layer and root hairs of onion are burnt off and charred skin is removed manually.
213:
C
Solution: Jaffna is a cultivar of Drumstick . It is introduced in Sri Lanka. Highly suited for coastal tracts of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka. It bears long pods (60 - 90 cm) and soft flesh of good taste. The traditional 40 years old Jaffna Moringa has been grown in Thangachimadam areas and the cutting was brought from Jaffna, Sri Lanka during the cargo service between India and Sri Lanka. It comes very well in coastal sandy soils. A 40-year-old tree gives 1500 moringa sticks daily between March - June. They apply only organic manures such as goat manure to the tree. It is not usually affected by pests and diseases. The rainy season of October, November and December is the off-season for moringa trees.
214:
C
Solution: Olour is a polyembryonic variety of mangoes. When two or more two embryos develop from a single fertilized egg, then this phenomenon is known as Polyembryony. Polyembryonic mangoes tend to be relatively resistant to anthracnose and are more productive than monoembryonic.
215:
C
Solution: Class II preservatives like KMS and benzoic acid are added to inhibit microbial growth. Class II preservatives are obtained by chemical derivation of compounds. KMS is Potassium Metabisulphite. It is a white crystalline powder with a pungent odour. It is mainly used as an antioxidant or chemical sterilant. Benzoic acid (BA) is a commonly used antimicrobial preservative in food and beverages, especially in carbonated beverages, as it presents its strongest antibacterial activity at pH 2.5 - 4.0. BA has inhibitory effects on the proliferation of bacteria and yeasts, a major cause of food spoilage.
216:
C
Solution: Disbudding is an important practice in spray carnation. The practice of removing undesirable immature flower buds to maximize food for plant development is termed Disbudding. Disbudding is practiced in standard and spray or miniature carnations for quality flower production. In standard carnations, disbudding is practiced for getting good quality flowers.
217:
D
Solution: Vitamin K is the most abundant fat-soluble vitamin. Fat-soluble vitamins are most abundant in high-fat foods and are much better absorbed into your bloodstream when you eat them with fat. Vitamin K plays a key role in helping the blood clot and preventing excessive bleeding.
The most common foods with high vitamin K are green leafy vegetables such as kale, collard greens, broccoli, spinach, cabbage and lettuce.
The most common foods with high vitamin K are green leafy vegetables such as kale, collard greens, broccoli, spinach, cabbage and lettuce.
218:
C
Solution: Side grafting is the most ideal method for top working in Mango. Top working is the method of rejuvenation of an old mango tree. Side grafting is a process of a plant graft in which the scion is inserted into the side of the stock and the aerial head of the stock permitted to grow until a union is established between stock and scion.
219:
C
Solution: Vegetable crops occupy only 2.8% of the total cultivated area. The area under cultivation of fruits stood at 9.6 million hectares while vegetables were cultivated at 10.86 million hectares. Uttar Pradesh has become India's largest vegetable producer, whereas West Bengal is in the second position in terms of the production of vegetables. According to FAO (2020), India is the largest producer of ginger and okra among vegetables and ranks second in the production of Potatoes, Onions, Cauliflowers, Brinjal, Cabbages, etc.
220:
B
Solution: The night temperature requirement for tomatoes is 15° - 20°C . They need full sun, rich soil, and warm temperatures. The ideal nighttime temperatures range between 59 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit with daytime temperatures between 70 and 85 degrees F. When temperatures fall above or below these ranges, problems with growth, flowering and fruit production occur.
221:
A
Solution: NAFED is an organization that is related to agricultural marketing. National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India (NAFED) was established on Gandhi Jayanti on 2 nd October 1958. NAFED is registered under the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act. It was set up with the object to promote cooperative marketing of agricultural produce to benefit the farmers. The main is to facilitate, coordinate and promote the marketing and trading activities of the cooperative institutions, partners and associates in agricultural, other commodities, articles and goods.
222:
A
Solution: Potherbs are generally Cool season crops. Shingles of northern Europe and Baltic and Black Seas have racemes of small white flowers and large fleshy blue-green leaves often used as potherbs. It is a usually leafy herb that is cooked for use as greens. It is grown mostly in Kashmir and other hilly regions.
223:
C
Solution: Onion belongs to the family of Amaryllidaceae . Onion, (Allium cepa), is an herbaceous biennial plant in the amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae) grown for its edible bulb. The onion is likely native to southwestern Asia but is now grown throughout the world, chiefly in the temperate zones.
224:
C
225:
D
Solution: The International Year of Potato was observed on 15 th December, in the year 2008. The year 2008 was declared the International Year of the Potato by the United Nations, noting that the potato is a staple food in the diet of the world's population and affirming the need to focus world attention on the role that the potato can play in providing food security and eradicating poverty.
226:
B
Solution: GA3 (Gibberellic acid) is the plant hormone that is most effective in the induction of bolting in rosette plants. In the case of the rosette plants, there is sudden and excessive internodal growth which is followed by flowering on the application of gibberellins is called bolting. There is an increase in the internodal distance which results in the elongation of the stem.
227:
A
Solution: CIMAP Trishna and CIMAP Tripta are varieties of Palmarosa. It is best known by the common name palmarosa ( palm rose ) as it smells sweet and rose-like. Other common names include Indian geranium, ginger grass, rosha and rosha grass. A high-yielding synthetic variety TRISHNA was developed by poly cross progenies of four elite inbred by CIMAP Lucknow. This improved cultivar registers 40% more oil yield and its geraniol content is as high as 93%. CIMAP Tripta has major constituents like Citral, Geranyl acetate, Linalool and Geraniol at 94%.
228:
D
Solution: Hybrid tea roses are a cross of Hybrid perpetual × Tea roses. Hybrid tea roses, are the oldest class of modern garden roses, the products of a cross between hybrid perpetual roses and old-fashioned tea roses, are rose royalty. They are the most popular roses in the world and perhaps the most popular flowers. Hybrid teas have a high-centered bloom form and are carried singly or with several side buds.
229:
D
Solution: Annual crucifers are heading Chinese cabbage, non-heading Chinese cabbage and radish. Brassicaceae , formerly Cruciferae , is the mustard family of flowering plants (order Brassicales), composed of 338 genera and some 3,700 species. And annual refers to being grown all over the year. The family includes many plants of economic importance that have been extensively altered and domesticated by humans, especially those of the genus Brassica , which includes cabbage, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, kale, kohlrabi, napa cabbage, turnip, rutabaga, etc.
230:
C
Solution: The cause of sleepiness in carnation is Ethylene . The term "sleepiness" as applied to flowers is usually confined to carnations. It is characterized by partial closing of the flower due to an incurving or curling of the petals. They have ethylene-sensitive floral organs and show characteristic senescence patterns, including petal in rolling, which coincides with the climacteric increase in ethylene biosynthesis.
231:
B
Solution: The fruit of roses is called Rose hips. The hip (also referred to as a hep or haw) is the fruit of a rose and like all fruit it develops after the fertilization of the flower occurs. When the flower is spared from deadheading, many small seeds called achenes grow inside and the hip swells. Rose hips are used in bread and pies, jam, jelly, marmalade, syrup, soup, tea, wine and other beverages.
232:
D
Solution: Orchids belong to one of the largest plant families in the world with 600 - 800 genera and 25,000 - 30,000 species both in the tropics and temperate plant hardiness zones. Light, temperature, humidity, aeration and nutrition are the major factor that is required optimally for the growth and flowering of orchids. Tropical orchid is Vanda, Dendrobium, Onicidium, etc.
233:
B
Solution: The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) is a statutory autonomous body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Government of India established in 2003, and Headquartered in Chennai, India. It acts as a facilitating, regulating and advisory body to the Government of India on issues of conservation, sustainable use of biological resources and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of biological resources.
234:
B
Solution: “Hillocks are made to create a natural mountains scenery” are the characteristic feature of (informal style) Japanese garden . Japanese gardens are serene and simple places of calm, providing a peaceful retreat for reflection and meditation. They avoid the extravagance of many Western garden designs, and consist mostly of evergreens, rocks, pebbles, sand, ponds and waterfalls.
235:
B
Solution: Brinjal variety developed by Dr. H. B. Singh is Pusa Purple Long . It is an early maturing and long fruited type variety. Fruits are glossy, light purple in colour, 25 - 30 cm long, smooth and tender. Crop is ready for picking in 100 to 110 days. Suitable for spring and autumn plantings, average yield is 27.5 t/ha.
236:
D
Solution: Poor blood clotting is associated with the deficiency of Vitamin-K . Vitamin-K deficiency results from extremely inadequate intake, fat malabsorption, or use of coumarin anticoagulants. Deficiency is particularly common among breastfed infants. It impairs clotting. Diagnosis is suspected based on routine coagulation study findings and confirmed by response to Vitamin-K.
237:
A
Solution: Project Directorate of Vegetable research (PDVR) was started in 1987 at New Delhi. It was shifted from New Delhi to Varanasi in 1992. Vegetable research was given impetus through establishment of AICRP on vegetable crops during 1971 at IARI, New Delhi with the responsibilities of coordinating and monitoring of vegetable research programmes of the country.
238:
D
Solution: Spur-pruned grape varieties are more vigorous growers which produce fruit on new growth coming from buds close to the base of one-year canes, near the main stem. In this method, pruning of grapevines is done in which the shoot of the previous season is cut back to a spur with one or two buds. Spur pruned grapes include varieties such as: Autumn Royal. Black Muscat. Bangalore Blue is also one of the Spur pruned variety of grape.
239:
C
Solution: The carrot is a root vegetable, typically orange in color, native to Europe and Southwestern Asia. The carrot is a biennial plant in the umbellifer family, Apiaceae. Raw carrots are 88% water, 9% carbohydrates, 0.9% protein, 2.8% dietary fiber, 1% ash and 0.2% fat. Major acid present in carrot is malic acid. Malic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid found in certain fruits and wines. Malic acid is sour and acidic.
240:
A
Solution: Oil palm crop is a hardy crop and low pest and disease incidence. It yields highest edible oil among the other oil crops. Pre-bearing is the time period between planting and bearing fruit in a tree. Pre-bearing period in oil palm is 3 years . Farmers can get extra income by intercropping in pre-bearing period of oil palms.
241:
D
Solution: Cluster bean is the bean from which Gum is extracted. Guar or cluster bean (C. tetragonoloba L.) is a drought-resistant leguminous crop that is generally cultivated in northwest India and Pakistan for use as a vegetable, green fodder and green manure and for its seeds, as well as for the industrial extraction of guar gum. Guar gum with the best thickening power and fastest hydration rate is produced when the splits are first soaked in water and then flaked, extruded or ground.
242:
B
Solution: Seed rate for spring summer crop of Okra is 18 - 20 kg. Okra is sown in rows by dibbling method, sowing is also done by dropping the seeds behind the plough furrow. During rainy season it should be sown on ridges. For spring summer crop the distance should be 30 × 45 cm and for rainy season 45 × 60 cm. 10 - 15 t/ha of FYM should be mixed with the soil 15 - 12 days before sowing. The sowing time for spring summer crop is February - March.
243:
D
Solution: All these three sex from the following options, i.e. Monoecious, Gynoeciuos, and Trimonoeciuos can be observed in cucumber. In a monoecious cucumber plant, male flowers arise in early or lower nodes, followed by a mixture of male and female flowers at the middle nodes and ending with female flowers only in the higher nodes. Gynoecious varieties produce only female flowers and have a more concentrated period of fruit production. There are also parthenocarpic varieties that do not need to be pollinated to produce fruit. In cucumber, the bisexual flowers occurring in trimonoecious plants have superior ovaries (hypogynous, the normal bisexual and female flowers are epigynous), derived as a modification of staminate flowers.
244:
A
Solution: The best time for the propagation of apples is December - January . The apple is a temperate fruit crop. However, in India, the apple-growing areas do not fall in the temperate zone but the prevailing temperate climate of the region is due to the Himalayan ranges and high altitudes. The average summer temperature should be around 21 - 24°C during the active growth period. The main methods of propagation of apples in our country are grafting, Budding and Rootstocks. Planting is usually done in December and January.
245:
B
Solution: Buttoning is a physiological disorder in cauliflower . This disorder of cauliflower is identified by the development of small curd or 'button' while the plants are small and consequently, the curd gets open. This is caused due to the deficiency of nitrogen, by planting seedlings older than 6 weeks, or other factors like insufficient moisture supply, water logging, hot and dry weather, carelessness in proper and timely weeding and pest and disease attack.
246:
A
Solution: Male sterility in onion was first located by H. A. Jones in the year 1925 . Male sterility in plants implies an inability to produce or release functional pollen and is the result of the failure of the formation or development of functional stamens, microspores or gametes. In onions (Allium cepa L.), cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) has been widely used in hybrid seed production. Two types of CMS (CMS-S and CMS-T) have been reported in onions.
247:
C
Solution: The headquarters of AICVIP is located at IIVR, Varanasi . The All India Coordinated Research Project on Vegetable crops was started during the fourth five-year plan in 1970 - 71, to provide a national network for multi-location testing of vegetable technologies. In a significant development in 1991, headquarter of the directorate was shifted from IARI, New Delhi to Varanasi. Later on, the PDVR was elevated to the Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (ICAR-IIVR) in 1999.
248:
D
Solution: Pusa Kesar is a variety of carrots . Pusa Kesar is developed at the IARI, New Delhi. It has red-coloured roots and self-coloured core. It can tolerate higher temperatures. Suitable for sowing from August - early October. The crop matures in 90 - 110 days with an average yield of 30 t/ha. The carrot variety Pusa Kesar can be left in the field 1 month longer than the variety Local without bolting and produces significantly fewer forked roots with a higher carotene content. The seed crop matures 15 days later than that of Local.
249:
A
Solution: Tomato hybrid developed using the male sterile line is Pusa Divya. The functional male sterility has been exploited for hybrid seed production of tomato cv. Pusa Divya. The use of male sterility reduces the cost of hybrid seed production for several reasons. It avoids hand emasculation and pollination, accelerating the hybrid breeding programs and allowing the large-scale production of hybrid seeds and the commercial exploitation of hybrid vigor. Pusa Divya F1 matures in 70 - 90 days after transplanting. It yields firm fruits with thick skin. The fruits are round to oval in shape, and about 16 fruits will weigh one kg. This hybrid is tolerant to late blight and bucket rot diseases.
250:
A
Solution: Yellow leaf disease of Arecanut is caused by MLO . MLO is a Mycoplasma like organism, found in the young sieve elements of areca nut palms declining with yellow leaf disease in Kerala and Karnataka States. It causes yellowing of the tips of the leaflets. And it extends to the middle of the lamina. Tips of chlorotic leaves dry up. Finally, the crown leaves fall off leaving a bare trunk. Root tips turn black and gradually rot.
251:
C
Solution: Mango variety free from malformation is Sundar langra . Mango malformation disease (MMD) is a fungal disease of mango plants that can cause abnormal flower, leaf and shoot growth. It is from the cross Sardar Pasand × Langra. It is regular bearing resembles Langra in shape and size. Fruits are medium-sized and sweet to taste and are regular bearing.
252:
B
Solution: The red colour in chili fruits at the ripening stage is due to the pigment Capsanthin. Capsanthin is a natural red dye of the xanthophyll class of carotenoids. Capsanthin is the main carotenoid in the Capsicum annuum species of plants including red bell pepper. Capsanthin is also able to support eye health and recent research has revealed its unique ability to help maintain intraocular pressure within a healthy range.
253:
A
Solution: Tip hooking-a disorder in cauliflower due to the deficiency of calcium minerals. Symptoms of calcium deficiency start on younger leaves. They develop necrotic lesions on leaf tips and margins (Tip-burn). With ongoing calcium deficiency necrotic areas and chlorotic border progress from tips and margins inwards. Affected leaves are deformed and abraded.
254:
C
Solution: Filler flowers in Japanese are known as Jushi . Jushi is any flowers or leaves that do not make up the 3 main placements. They are meant to complement the shin, soe and tai. Add as many jushi as you like, but only in odd numbers. Soe is two-thirds of the shin, and tai is two-thirds of soe. If shin and soe are branches, accompanying decorative flowers, called jushi, will be half as long as shin, soe and tai.
255:
B
Solution: Cashew is one of the following fruits that is grown in the semi-wild form in the wasteland of peninsular India but is one of the largest foreign exchange-earners. Commercial cultivation of cashew is taken up in eight states of our country mainly on the west and eastern coast viz., Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal. Cashew farming is reasonably profitable but farmers could take it a step ahead to increase profit by over 200% with effort. The Cashew industry in India exports cashew kernels to more than 60 countries in the world.
256:
C
Solution: Pummelo is one of the following citrus types and is the source of monoembryonic. Citrus maxima are the largest citrus fruit from the family Rutaceae and the principal ancestor of the grapefruit. It is a natural, non-hybrid, citrus fruit, native to Southeast Asia. Similar in taste to a sweet grapefruit, the pummelo is commonly consumed and used for festive occasions throughout Southeast Asia. The seeds of the pomelo are monoembryonic, producing seedlings with genes from both parents, but they are usually similar to the tree they grow on.
257:
D
Solution: Hand pollination is most useful in Date palm fruit. Hand-pollination is used with date palms to avoid wasting space and energy growing sufficient male plants for adequate natural pollination. Because of the level of labor involved, hand-pollination is only an option on a small scale, used chiefly by small market gardeners and owners of individual plants.
258:
C
Solution: Mulberry is the fruit crop that has the highest chromosome i.e. 2n = 308. Mulberry belongs to the family Moraceae and includes 60 species found distributed in both hemispheres. The black mulberry is known for its large number of chromosomes. Each cell has 308 chromosomes in total, and exhibits tetratetracontaploidy (44x), meaning that its genome contains seven chromosomes, and each cell has 44 copies of each.
259:
C
Solution: The onion variety suitable for the Kharif crop is Agrifound dark red . Bulbs are dark red in colour, globular in shape with tight skin and moderately pungent. Mature in 95 - 110 days after transplanting. Recommended for growing in Kharif season over the country.
260:
C
Solution: The Winged bean is also known as the 'four angles bean’. The winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus), also known as cigarillas, goa bean, four-angled bean, four-cornered bean, Manila bean, princess bean, asparagus pea, dragon bean, is a tropical herbaceous legume plant.
261:
B
Solution: An increase in ethylene production during ripening is a characteristic of climacteric fruits. Climacteric fruits: these are the fruits that will be ripe after being picked up. It can also be defined as the stage of fruit ripening with increased ethylene production as the increase of respiration in cells. Examples: Mango, Banana, Sapota, Guava, etc.
262:
A
Solution: Haulms in the seed crop of potato are cut during End of the December or, the 1 st week of January. Potato Haulms are the stems or tops of crop plants (such as peas or potatoes), especially after the crop has been gathered. Haulm killing refers to killing potato vines (haulms) 7 to 21 days before harvest to promote uniform development of skin colour and develop abrasion resistance.
263:
B
Solution: Citrus fruit with the highest malic acid content is Sweet lime . Although apples are the wealthiest source of malic acid, among the citrus fruits, malic acid was the dominant acid in sweet lime. Lime gives a drink a different kind of sourness since it contains not only citric acid but also malic acid and a small but significant amount of succinic acid, each of which adds something different.
264:
A
Solution: Bael is the fruit that is the richest source of riboflavin . It is fiber-rich, low-calorie fruit that provides some protein and very little fat. Bael fruit is an excellent source of riboflavin and also provides vitamin C, vitamin A and potassium. Bael contains chemicals called tannins, flavonoids, and coumarins. These chemicals help to reduce swelling (inflammation). This might help treat asthma, diarrhea and other conditions. Also, some of these chemicals help to reduce blood sugar.
265:
A
Solution: Pant Sudarshan is a variety of karonda . The plants of this variety are medium-sized dense bushes. Fruits are pink blush on white background. On ripening fruits become dark brown. Average fruit weighs 3.46 g, seeds 4.68/fruit, flesh 88.47%, dry weight 11.83%, TSS 3.45%. It is a hardy, drought-tolerant plant that thrives well in a wide range of soils.
266:
A
Solution: Pusa Bindu is brinjal while Arka Bindu is Onion. Pusa Bindu: Plants are pigmented all over, upright with a moderate branching habit, and free of spines. Fruits pendant, small, oval-round, glossy, violet purple with pigmented peduncle. Bearing habit is solitary to partial clusters. The average yield is 300 g/ha. Fruits are milky white, shining and oval. Arka Bindu: Suitable for the export market, gives deep pink bulb of small size (2.5 - 3.5 cm), flattish globe shape, high T.S.S (14 - 16%), and high pungency. Bulbs mature in 100 days from sowing. Bulb yields 25 t/ha.
267:
D
Solution: Brown heart in turnip is a physiological disorder caused by deficiency of Boron. The leaves are smaller than normal. The roots do not grow to full size and under conditions of severe boron deficiency, they remain very small and distorted and have a rough, unhealthy, greyish appearance instead of being clean and smooth. Their surface often is wrinkled and cracked. Within the fleshy roots, hard or corky spots are found scattered throughout the roots. Boron deficiency is more common in a dry season, particularly when a long dry spell is followed by a wet period favouring rapid growth, most probably because the root system in the upper soil layer ceases to function during the dry period, and thus the intake of boron is reduced. The quantity of borax needed for satisfactory control of boron deficiency varies with the nature of the soil, the soil reaction and soil moisture. An application of 10 - 15 kg of borax per hectare is recommended.
268:
B
Solution: The following vegetables that are classified as solanaceous fruits are Potato, Tomato and brinjal . The family Solanaceae includes many economically and nutritionally important cultivated plant species such as tomato, potato, eggplants and chili peppers. The Solanaceae or nightshades, are a family of flowering plants that range from annual and perennial herbs to vines, lianas, epiphytes, shrubs, and trees, and includes several crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds and ornamentals.
269:
B
Solution: The Pole type variety of French bean is Arka Soumya. Arka Sukomal is high yielding rust-resistant pole bean variety. Plants are indeterminate and grow more than 2.0 min height. Variety takes 60 days for 1 st harvest. Pods are stringless, oval, green and long (23 cm).
270:
B
Solution: Heterostyly is seen in Primula . Heterostyly is a morphological and reproductive polymorphism in which plant populations are composed of two (distyly) or three (tristyly) floral morphs that differ reciprocally in the height of their stigmas and anthers. Primula vulgaris (primrose) exhibits heterostyly: plants produce self-incompatible pin- or thrum-form flowers, with anthers and stigma at reciprocal heights.
271:
B
Solution: Dwarfing rootstock for pear is Quince . Dwarfing rootstocks produce the smallest trees and range from 6 feet tall to 12 to 14 feet tall. Quince is a deciduous tree that bears hard, aromatic bright golden-yellow pome fruit, similar in appearance to a pear. The quince (Cydonia oblonga) has been used for centuries as a rootstock for pear. Such stocks produce dwarf trees that are earlier bearing (with some varieties) than standard trees. The fruit from dwarf trees may mature a bit early, but it is of good quality.
272:
A
Solution: Prevention of sprouting in the onion during storage is prevented by a pre-harvest spray of Maleic hydrazide . The hot and humid conditions of the kitchen and storage area favour the sprouting of onions. It is an herbicide and plant growth regulator. It is of low acute toxicity. It has been shown to cause genotoxic effects in some mutagenicity studies. Its residue in food and tobacco is toxic, causing CNS disturbances and liver damage.
273:
D
Solution: The mutant variety of okra is Punjab - 8 . It is developed and released by KVK Ludhiana in 1995. Plants are medium tall with splashes of purple pigmentation present on the stem. Leaves are deeply lobed and less serrated. Leaves, stems and petiole are less hairy. Fruits are thin, long, dark green and five ridged. It has resistance to the yellow vein mosaic virus and is tolerant to the borer. It is suitable for processing. The average marketable yield is 55 q/acre. It is suitable for February - March as well as June - July sowings.
274:
B
Solution: The shading structure used in betel vine cultivation is called Bareja . Bareja is normally made on raised slightly sloppy land. It is constructed with locally- available materials like bamboo, jute sticks, straw, etc. with a height of 2 - 2.5 m. The walls and top of the bareja are covered with thatching material like leaves of coconut, sugarcane, etc.
It is a type of artificially created controlled environment for better quality and production of betel vine.
It is a type of artificially created controlled environment for better quality and production of betel vine.
275:
B
Solution: The optimum storage temperature of a banana is 13°C. A cool and dark area is required for the storage purpose of bananas. For those banana fruits stored at room temperature, the shelf-life of the banana was only reached up to 6 days. For those banana fruits stored in cold storage, the condition of banana fruits reached up to 12 days.
276:
A
Solution: Umran is the late-ripening cultivar of ber among the given options. The Ber plant comes well under arid and semi-arid situations. It can tolerate salinity and alkalinity. Budded plants are used for planting. The fruits of Umran are oval with smooth and glossy skin, and golden yellow. It gets mature in March end to Mid-April. It gives an average yield of 150 - 200 kg per tree.
277:
B
Solution: Tamil Nadu is the largest producer of bananas in India. Banana is cultivated in about 1.12 lakh ha in Tamil Nadu. In Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore District holds the first position in the area under this crop followed by Erode and Tuticorin districts. In the past five years, there has been a 32% increase in banana production in the state. Tamil Nadu exports the fruit to South Korea, Europe and South Africa, mainly from the Theni region as it produces the best quality banana in the state.
278:
C
Solution: ELISA is an enzyme linked test. ELISA stands for enzyme-linked immunoassay. It is a commonly used laboratory test to detect antibodies in the blood. An antibody is a protein produced by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances, called antigens.
279:
C
Solution: Plant exploration would be most successful when it is targeted at a micro center. Microcenter is important sources for collecting valuable plant forms and also for the study of the evolution of cultivated species. The exploration for germplasm collecting is conducted for desired genetic material (primitive and advanced) or capturing maximum variability to use in the crop improvement program and also to study the genetic variability within the crops.
280:
B
Solution: In India, the 'Sapota' tree comes in fruiting twice a year. Sapota starts bearing from the third year of planting but economic yields can be obtained from 5 th year onwards. The two main seasons of flowering are October - November and February - March and the two corresponding harvesting seasons are January - February and May - June.
281:
C
Solution: The best temperature for storing tomato fruits is 12° - 15°C. Optimal ripening conditions for tomatoes are between 18°C and 21°C. However, storage is frequently performed at low temperatures ( 12° - 15°C ) to delay ripening, limit post-harvest losses and extend shelf life.
282:
C
Solution: Sweet corn belongs to the family Poaceae . Poaceae or Gramineae is a large ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns and pastures. Corn, Zea mays, belongs to the Poaceae family, and while eaten sometimes as a vegetable and sometimes as a grain, it is classified by botanists as a fruit, as are tomatoes, green peppers, cucumbers, zucchini and other squashes.
283:
D
Solution: Browning of cut apples is due to enzymes . This unappetizing phenomenon is actually due to a chain of biochemical reactions known as “enzymatic browning.” When an apple is cut (or bruised), oxygen is introduced into the injured plant tissue. When oxygen is present in cells, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes in the chloroplasts rapidly oxidize phenolic compounds naturally present in the apple tissues to o-quinones, colorless precursors to brown-colored secondary products.
284:
A
Solution: The bitter principle in cucurbits is due to Cucurbitacins . The Cucurbitaceae family has the highest number of plant species which is cultivated by humans, in Cucurbitaceae possess some chemical substance that gives a bitter taste to the fruit, the chemical substance is cucurbitacin and it is chemically classified as triterpenes. The cucurbitacins B and E are the main bitter principles in all seedlings. The biogenesis of the cucurbitacins, the taxonomy of the family and the genetics of bitterness are discussed in the light of these results.
285:
A
Solution: Gladiolus belongs to the family Iridaceae . Gladiolus is a genus of perennial cormous flowering plants in the iris family, Iridaceae. Gladioli grow from round, symmetrical corms that are enveloped in several layers of brownish, fibrous tunics. Their stems are generally unbranched, producing 1 to 9 narrow, sword-shaped, longitudinal grooved leaves, enclosed in a sheath.
286:
B
Solution: A fruit that shows either a rise in respiration rate or an associated production of ethylene during the ripening process is called Non-Climacteric. Fruit ripening is a highly coordinated developmental process that coincides with seed maturation. The ripening process is regulated by thousands of genes that control progressive softening and/or lignification of pericarp layers, accumulation of sugars, acids, pigments and release of volatiles. Non-climacteric fruits include strawberry, grape, raspberry, cherry, citrus, etc. Non-climacteric fruits are characterized by ripening transitions that do not strictly depend on a significant increase in ethylene production and an associated rise in respiration rate.
287:
C
Solution: The bitter taste in brinjal fruit is due to Solasodine . Anthocyanin pigment present in the fruit is responsible for the purple colour of fruit skin. Amino acid content is higher in the purple variety. Bitterness in brinjal is due to the presence of glycoalkaloids i.e. solasodine. Generally, a high amount of glycoalkaloids produces a bitter taste and off flavour. Eggplant is ranked as a vegetable with high antioxidant activity that is attributed to the anthocyanins and phenolic compounds contained in eggplants.
288:
B
Solution: Pre-cooling is meant to remove the field heat . Pre-cooling is a vital post-harvest management practice that is required before storage. Since there is a big difference between the temperature of harvested crops and cooling storage, the main purpose of pre-cooling is to remove the heat from the crops after they are harvested. There are seven principal methods of pre-cooling fresh produce: 1) Room cooling 2) Forced-air cooling 3) Hydro-cooling 4) Ice cooling 5) Vacuum cooling 6) Cryogenic cooling 7) Evaporative cooling
289:
B
Solution: The pungency principle in chilli is Capsaicin . The spiciness in chili peppers is known as pungency and it is due to the presence of a group of compounds called capsaicinoids. Capsaicin is the major spice-producing alkaloid present in peppers. It is a mixture of closely related compounds called capsinoids. Chief among these is the compound capsaicin, which is known by the chemical name: (E)-N-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) methyl]-8-methyl-6-nonenamide.
290:
A
Solution: The equilateral triangle system of planting accommodates 15% more trees than the square system. The equilateral triangle system accommodates 15% more plants than the square system. Plants are planted at the corner of an equilateral triangle. Six trees are planted making a hexagon. The seventh tree is planted in the centre and called septule. This system is generally followed where the land is costly and very fertile with ample provision of irrigation water. In a square system, trees are planted on each comer of a square whatever may be the planting distance. This is the most commonly followed system and is very easy to layout. The central place between four trees may be advantageously used to raise short-lived filler trees.
291:
D
Solution: The fruit of the potato plant is called a berry . The fruits may look a lot like a tomato but are just the berry of the potato plant. The berries are not edible, it is toxic but they don't affect the development of the tubers. Although the fruit doesn't harm the growth of the tubers. After flowering, potato plants produce small green fruits that resemble green cherry tomatoes, each containing about 300 seeds.
292:
D
Solution: The yellow pigment in papaya fruit is Caricaxanthin . The caricaxanthin is the combination word used for carotene and Xanthophyll. Thus, the yellow colour of papaya fruit is due to the presence of carotene and xanthophyll pigment present in the chromoplasts of the fruit pulp.
293:
A
Solution: Out of the given options, Pusa Drum Head is the late variety of cabbage. Pusa Drum Head is the late maturing variety. It takes about 105 - 110 days from transplanting to head formation. The heads are large, flat, little loose-shaped. Each head weighs 3 - 5 kg.
294:
B
Solution: Gros Michel is a high-yielding variety of bananas, but susceptible to Panama disease. Gros Michel is often known as ‘Big Mike’, it was an export cultivar of banana but was at the center of one of the world's most serious plant disease epidemics as whole plantations in many countries succumbed to Race 1 of this devastating disease during the first half of the 20 th Century. An outbreak of this disease in the 1950s destroyed the Gros Michel industry and rendered it virtually extinct.
295:
C
Solution: Tamarind fruit botanically is a type of fruit Pod (lomentum) . Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a leguminous tree bearing edible fruit that is probably indigenous to tropical Africa. The genus Tamarindus is monotypic, meaning that it contains only this species. It belongs to the family Fabaceae. Tamarind is a fruit pod filled with seeds surrounded by a tangy pulp. As the pod matures, the pulp becomes sweeter. Tamarind is sold as raw pods, in a pressed block and as a paste.
296:
B
Solution: A cabbage pod is called Siliqua . A silique or siliqua (plural siliques or siliquae ) is a type of fruit (seed capsule) having two fused carpels with the length being more than three times the width. Siliqua is the type of fruit present in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is a type of dry fruit that separates into two or three segments at maturity. These segments are called valves. An example of siliqua is cabbage, as cabbage also belongs to the Brassicaceae family.
297:
B
Solution: Herkogamy favours Cross-pollination . Herkogamy (or hercogamy) is the spatial separation of the anthers and stigma in hermaphroditic angiosperms. It is a common strategy for reducing self-fertilization. In self-incompatible species, herkogamy may function primarily to reduce sexual interference, whereas, in self-compatible plants, it is usually considered an adaptive character that decreases the likelihood of self-pollination and increases the opportunity for outcrossing.
298:
C
Solution: Krishna and Kanchan are varieties of Aonla . Aonla is an important crop in Ayurveda, and fruits have the richest source of vitamin C. Krishna (NA-5) is a seedling selection from Banarasi. The fruits are large, triangular and conical: skin is smooth, whitish green to apricot yellow with a red spot on the exposed portion. The flesh is pinkish green, less fibrous and highly astringent. It is an early maturing variety. Kanchan is a chance seedling of Banarasi cultivar which bears moderately. Fruits are medium to large.
299:
B
Solution: Generally, seedless watermelon is Triploid . They have three sets of chromosomes. This odd number results in them being sterile and not producing seeds. The way they become triploid is by mating a diploid male with a tetraploid female. The ordinary seeded watermelons are Diploid melons, meaning, that a typical watermelon has 22 chromosomes (diploid) while a seedless watermelon has 33 chromosomes (triploid).
300:
A
Solution: The bottleneck is a physiological disorder of Cucumber . It occurs because of incomplete pollination or fluctuations in watering. Cultivars can differ in susceptibility. Increasing the bee population by bringing in bee hives and placing them near the cucurbits field may alleviate the problem.
301:
A
Solution: Pusa Giant is the variety of Papaya that is Dioecious . Dioecious means the plant with a male and female flower on different plants. This is also a gynodioecious variety with high productivity and better keeping quality of fruits. This is also one of the highest papain yielders. This is a vigorous variety and is dioecious. It is a variety of tall, vigorous trees. The fruits are medium-sized, with high sugar content and red-colored flesh.
302:
C
Solution: Approximately 1600 plants of Amrapali Mango can be planted in one hectare. Amrapali variety of Mango is a cross between Dashehari and Neelam. It is a dwarf vigorous type with regular and late bearing variety. It yields on average 16 t/ha and about 1600 plants can be accommodated in one hectare.
303:
C
Solution: Coconut Development Board is located at Cochin . It is a statutory body that came into existence on 12 th January 1981 and functions under the Ministry of Agriculture of the Government of India for the integrated development of coconut and coconut-related products. The regional offices at Bangalore in Karnataka, Chennai in Tamil Nadu and Guwahati in Assam. And there are six state centres situated in Orissa, west Bengal, Bihar, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Port Blair.
304:
D
Solution: The flower cluster of the Tomato is known as Truss . The truss on tomato plants is a group or cluster of smaller stems where flowers and fruit develop. Emerging usually at or near the point where a primary stem meets a secondary or a leaf stem, trusses produce yellow flowers and from its center, small green tomatoes eventually appear.
305:
A
Solution: An optimum seed rate of Onion to get desired plant population is 8 - 10 kg/ha . Seed rate is the quantity of seed of a crop that is required to sow a unit area of land for optimum crop production. To maintain optimum plant population in the field for higher yield harvest. To prevent seed wastage from excess sowing reduces the initial cost of production.
306:
A
Solution: In green vegetables, the limiting amino acid is Methionine . Limiting amino acids refers to the shortest supply from incomplete proteins that are found in plant food sources. Methionine is an amino acid. It is found in meat, fish and dairy products. It aids in the breakdown of fats by preventing their accumulation in the arteries, aiding the digestive system and facilitating the elimination of heavy metals from the body, which can be converted into cysteine to prevent toxic damage to the liver.
307:
C
Solution: Grafted Mango becomes ready for transplanting Early . The grafting of a mango tree is the practice of transferring a piece of mature, bearing tree or scion to a separate seedling called the rootstock. Mango tree grafting can be done in a one or two-year-old plant or an older tree as well (called the mother plant). After some time, the leaves and then, small buds start sprouting on top. Then you need to cut the mother plant around the top - about two feet from the graft for transplanting.
308:
C
Solution: Asauji is the variety of Pea that is the shortest duration variety. The early varieties are more popular in India because of better economic returns. They are not high-yielders but give high initial remuneration to the growers. Two pickings of green pods are generally done in these varieties, the first being after 60 days of sowing and the second after 15 - 20 days of first picking. Asauji is a dwarf, green and smooth-seeded variety developed at IARI. Pods are produced singly, flowering in 30 - 35 days after sowing and blossom appears in 6 - 7 nodes. Pods are about 8 cm long, dark green, narrow and appear round when fully developed.
309:
A
Solution: Pinching is important in the cultivation of the Carnation flower plant. Pinching plants is a form of pruning that encourages branching on the plant. This means that when we pinch a plant, we are removing the main stem, forcing the plant to grow two new stems from the leaf nodes below the pinch or cut. The ideal time for pinching is early morning. To get more flowers and to make the plant dense pinching is done.
310:
D
Solution: Climacteric fruits and vegetables are the fruits that will be ripe after being picked up. It can also be defined as the stage of fruit ripening with increased ethylene production as the increase of respiration in cells. Some examples of such fruits and vegetables are Apples, bananas, melons, apricots and tomatoes. Muskmelon is also a climacteric vegetable among the given options.
311:
B
Solution: Aonla is the fruit from the following options that contain the highest amount of ascorbic acid. The Vitamin C content of its expressed juice is 921 mg/100 cc, twenty times more than that of other citrus fruits. 100 grams of fresh fruit contains 470 to 680 mg of vitamin C. The fruit is a good source of vitamin C. The fruit is having medicinal value. Aonla is used in indigenous medicines like trifla and chavanprash. Fruits are commonly used for preserving, pickles, candy, jelly and jam. Besides fruits, leaves, bark and even seeds are being used for various purposes.
312:
C
Solution: Ideal conditions for storing onions are 0°C and 70% RH. Storage of onion bulbs in a cold store with optimum relative humidity extends the shelf life of onion bulbs and reduces post-harvest storage losses. The optimal storage temperature in cold storage is 0°C with 65 - 70% relative humidity. Under these conditions, the storage losses after six months are only about 5% which is mainly due to moisture loss. Regular monitoring of both temperature and relative humidity in the store is necessary to avoid significant fluctuations in environmental conditions.
313:
B
Solution: For getting the optimum plant population of chili, the seeds required will be 1.5 - 2.0 kg/ha. Chilli is a plant of tropical and subtropical regions. It grows well in warm and humid climates and has a temperature of 20 - 30 QC. As a rainfed crop, it is grown in areas receiving an annual rainfall of 75 - 100 cm. The amount of seed required for a unit area of land to grow any crop successfully. In other words, the amount of seed required to raise a crop successfully on a given land is called a seed rate for that crop of the land. It also depends on the quality of seed, soil and climate of that area.
314:
A
Solution: A dwarf rootstock of apples is M-9 (Malus) . Dwarfing rootstocks produce the smallest trees and range from 6 feet tall to 12 to 14 feet tall. The malus M-9 are widely used rootstocks for high-density orchards on fertile grounds. Trees grown on this very important dwarf apple rootstock are relatively small in height. A support system, and stakes, are required. First apple production from fruit trees on M-9 can be expected in the second year after planting.
315:
B
Solution: First earthing in potatoes should be done 30 - 35 days after planting to provide optimum space for tuberization. The main object of earthing up is to keep the soil loose and destroy weeds. Two or three earthing up should be done at an interval of 15 - 20 days. The first earthing-up should be done when the plants are about 15 - 25 cm high. The second earthing up is often done to cover up the tubers properly.
316:
C
Solution: The harvesting stage for date palm grown in India is DOKA. Four to five years after plantation, date palm trees are ready for the first harvest. Fruits are harvested at three stages, Khalal or Doka stage (fresh fruits), soft or ripen stage (pind or Tamar), and dry stage (chuhhara). The Doka stage is 13 - 17 weeks after pollination. The fruit is Hard, yellow pink or red and may be sweet or astringent.
317:
C
Solution: Commonly used refrigerant in India is Ammonia . Ammonia has become the obvious choice for India as a natural refrigerant as it is the most energy efficient having zero global warming potential and zeroes ozone depletion potential. Ammonia is the most environmentally friendly refrigerant. It belongs to the group of so-called "natural" refrigerants, and it has both GWP (Global Warming Potential) and ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential) equal to zero.
318:
B
Solution: Tijarti is a F 1 hybrid of Bittergourd . Bitter gourd ( Momordica charantia ) is an important vegetable crop and is grown for its immature tuberculate fruits which have a unique bitter taste. Fruits are considered a rich source of vitamins and minerals and 88 mg of vitamin C per 100 g. Tijarti is a hybrid that has an excellent combination of good vigor and earliness. Fruits are medium long with moderate but rather thick spines, which result in less damage during transport. The Colour is attractive dark green. Because of its enormously high yield potential.
319:
B
Solution: Immature pods of criollo cocoa are Red coloured. The unripe pod is usually red. Criollo is a very rare and precious variety of cacao that was at risk of extinction for many years. It is the cocoa of the Mayas and the Aztecs, the cultivation of which has been progressively abandoned owing to its low yield. It is delicate cocoa and makes up just 0.01% of global cocoa production. Cocoa beans are the almond-shaped seeds inside the fruit of the cacao tree, which is called a pod. As we'll see, it's an essential raw ingredient in the chocolate production chain.
320:
A
Solution: Pusa Uphar is the variety of tomato among the given options that are resistant to fruit borer. The variety developed at IARI, plants are indeterminate, erect thick-stemmed with dark green foliage. Fruit borer is a serious pest of tomato as it reduces yield by up to 40%. The young are greenish to brown, with dark lines about the size of half of the finger. Adult females are yellow moths with dark brown spots on their wings. Larvae feed on the leaves and later make holes in the fruit which can be up to the size of a pea.
321:
B
Solution: Marigold originated in Mexico . Both types of marigold whether it is French or African are indigenous to Mexico and Guatemala. They were discovered in the early 16 th century and brought to Europe and Northern Africa in the late 16 th century where they were quickly adopted into gardens. Marigold was originally flowers of the calendula family, also brightly colored in shades of orange and yellow.
322:
A
Solution: Diara's method of cultivation is followed in Cucurbits vegetable crops. The Cucurbitaceae, also called the gourd family, are a plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera. Squash, Pumpkin, Zucchini, etc. belongs to this family. Diara land farming or riverbed cultivation is the very old practice of growing vegetables on the bank or basin of the river after when flood level receded. The Diara lands are formed and subjected to alluvion and diluvion action.
323:
B
Solution: Riceyness is a premature initiation of floral buds in cauliflower characterized by riceyness. In this case, the peduncle elongates and the curd becomes granular and loose. Curds of the flowers become loose, velvety, appearance, elongation of pedicel and formation of small white flower bud at the curdling stage. the main factor responsible for this is the fluctuation of temperature.
324:
D
Solution: Cymbopogon flexuosus is East Indian lemongrass or Malabar grass. It is a perennial grass native to India, Sri Lanka, Burma and Thailand. Its essential oil is produced by steam distillation of the freshly cut leaves, or it can be extracted using alcohol. Its oil is believed to possess therapeutic properties.
325:
A
Solution: Pragati is the variety of brinjal developed crossing between Vaishali and Manjari Gota released in 1988. It is an improved version of Vaishali. Plant type is semi-erect and bushy, fruit colour is purple and shape oval. Plants are hardy and resistant to lodging. Duration is 180 - 190 days and the average yield is 350 quintals per hectare.
326:
C
Solution: Gerbera variety suitable for cultivation under open conditions is Arka Krishika. It has a stalk length of 39 cm and produces yellow colored double types, 3 - 6 flowers per plant. It is suited for open-grown conditions and used for cut flowers and flower decoration. Gerbera flowers are extensively distributed at heights of 1300 to 3200 meters. They grow well in states like Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir and other Himalayan regions.
327:
B
Solution: The yellow colour in the onion is due to the pigment Quercetin . Quercetin is the pigment that adds colour to many fruits and vegetables. It is found mainly in the skins and leaves of the plant. Its production is stimulated by the impact of light. It is a powerful antioxidant. The total content of quercetin in Onion is 300 mg/kg, which is considerably higher than in many other fruits and vegetables.
328:
B
Solution: Blue mold rot in Citrus fruits is caused by Penicillium italicum . The species that most commonly cause postharvest spoilage of citrus fruit. The fungi gain entry if the fruit is damaged during handling and storage and then decay can spread from fruit to fruit. Blue mold and green mold are the primary post-harvest pathogen of citrus, and there are few effective control measures for sour rot, sour rot could be controlled by a low-temperature environment, but the chilling injury still causes major bottlenecks.
329:
C
Solution: Panama disease of bananas is prevented by the application of lime to the soil. Panama disease is a wilting disease caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum . The pathogen is resistant to fungicides and its control is limited to phytosanitary measures. Panama disease is one of the most destructive plant diseases of modern times.
330:
B
Solution: The deficiency of Vitamin-B1 causes Beribery . Beriberi is a disease caused by a Vitamin-B1 deficiency, also known as thiamine deficiency. It often occurs in developing countries among people with a diet that consists mostly of white rice or highly refined carbohydrates. To prevent beriberi, one should eat a nutrient-rich diet that includes foods rich in thiamine, that are beans, legumes, seeds, meat, fish, whole grains, nuts, dairy, etc.
331:
A
Solution: For the synthesis of IAA in plants, Zinc is essential. IAA is indole acetic acid (Auxin) that can be synthesized through the precursor tryptophan known as the TRP-dependent IAA biosynthetic pathway. Zinc is an essential plant micronutrient and soil availability is of great importance in many crops. Many enzymes include zinc as a cofactor, like acholol dehydrogenase, and carbonic anhydrase. And deficiency of zinc deficiency inhibits protein synthesis. Plants require zinc for the synthesis of tryptophan, a key amino acid in the synthesis of auxin indole acetic acid. Its control of plant development through action on auxins.
332:
B
Solution: Hybrid produced by crossing Dashehari and Neelum is Amrapali . This cultivar was introduced in 1971. Amrapali Mango is a variety that is a hybrid of Dasheri and Neelum Mango varieties. It grows on regular-bearer, dwarf trees that have clusters of small-sized fruits. Its inside reveals deep orange-red coloured flesh. It takes 12 - 18 months to bear fruits.
333:
B
Solution: The central food laboratory (CFL) is located in Kolkata . It is accredited by NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories) for obtaining reliable and reproducible data. A nationwide project, Food and Drug Capacity Building Project was designed to improve the quality and safety of food and drugs by strengthening the regulatory framework and incorporating components of consumer education with the assistance of the World Bank.
334:
C
Solution: Indoles that help in cancer prevention are found in Cole crops . Indole-3-carbinol is formed from a substance called glucobrassicin found in vegetables such as broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, collards, cauliflower, kale and mustard greens, turnips and rutabagas. Indoles constitute extensively explored heterocyclic ring systems with a wide range of applications in pathophysiological conditions that is, cancer, microbial and viral infections, inflammation, depression, migraine, emesis, hypertension, etc.
335:
D
Solution: Quarantine inspection of Agricultural and Horticultural plants is carried out by the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi . It aims to undertake the introduction, exchange and quarantine of plant genetic resources. Plant quarantine measures are aimed at protecting the agriculture of a country or region against the likely ravages of alien pests/pathogens should they get introduced and established.
336:
A
Solution: Pusa Chetki is one of the Asiatic varieties of radish among the given options. This variety has wider adaptability and can tolerate high temperatures. Suitable for growing mid-March to mid-August in northern and central parts of India. In southern and western parts of India, It can be grown throughout the year. Roots are medium long, stumpy, pure white, mildly pungent, and mature in 40 - 45 days. It is grown as a summer and monsoon crop from April to September.
337:
C
Solution: In 1949, the Government of India started a vegetable breeding station at Katrain . Establishment of a vegetable breeding station at Katrain in Kullu Valley, Himachal Pradesh for the production of seeds of temperate vegetables in the year 1949. In 1955, Transfer of vegetable breeding station, Katrain to the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to undertake research on temperate vegetable crops, standardization of seed production technology and produce seeds of improved varieties of temperate vegetable crops.
338:
A
Solution: Arka Ananya , a variety of tomatoes having combined resistance to LCV and BW. It is a high-yielding F1 hybrid of Tomato with combined resistance to LCV (Leaf curl virus) and BW (Bacterial Wilt). LCV causes the most destructive disease of tomato and can be found in tropical and subtropical regions causing economic losses. This variety of tomato is semi-determinate with a good foliar cover. The foliage is dark green. Fruits are round, firm and medium-sized. It is suitable for the summer and rainy seasons.
339:
B
Solution: The process of removal of gases from the can before the seal is called Exhausting . It is the removal of dissolved gases from liquids, especially water or aqueous solutions. There are numerous methods for removing gases from liquids. In canning the objective of exhausting containers is to remove air in the product so that the pressure inside the container, following heat treatment and cooling, will be less than atmospheric.
340:
B
Solution: The term 'recon' was coined by Benzer . Recon is the unit of recombination that is the smallest unit capable of undergoing recombination is called recon. A recon is further subdivisible into units of mutations called mutons , and several mutons in a recon will not be separable due to recombination.
341:
D
Solution: Dormancy in potatoes can be broken by the use of Thiourea, Ethylene chlorohydrin and Potassium thiocyanate . Potato tuber dormancy is defined as an inability to sprout under conditions that are favorable for sprouting. Thiourea - soaking the potato tuber in 1%, aqueous solution for 85 hour is suggested to break the tubers' dormancy. Ethylene chlorohydrin is highly volatile and the gas aids in breaking dormancy. Remove the tubers, air-dry, and hold at 18 - 25°C. Potassium thiocyanate solutions gave excellent results in forcing early sprouting. The rest period of cut sets was materially shortened when the tubers were soaked in 3- or 2-percent solutions of potassium thiocyanate.
342:
C
Solution: The main aromatic component in Clove is Eugenol . Eugenol is the main bioactive compound of clove, which is found in concentrations ranging from 9381.70 to 14650.00 mg per 100 g of fresh plant material. About the phenolic acids, gallic acid is the compound found in higher concentrations (783.50 mg/100 g fresh weight).
343:
B
Solution: The stem above the ground in the banana is known as pseudostem . The pseudostem is the part of the banana plant that looks like a trunk. It is formed by tightly packed overlapping leaf sheaths. Even though the pseudostem is very fleshy and consists mostly of water, it is quite sturdy and can support a bunch that weighs 50 kg or more.
344:
D
Solution: The most ancient type of vegetable garden is both the Kitchen garden and Home garden . The kitchen garden is a space separate from the rest of the residential garden, the ornamental plants and lawn areas. It is used for growing edible plants and often some medicinal plants. Home gardens and small animal rearing are key practices to increase household food production, food security, and nutrition through increasing consumption of nutritious vegetables, fruit and animal source foods.
345:
B
Solution: Fruits of vegetable marrow are ready for 1 st picking after 60 - 80 days. The first harvesting of vegetable marrow was done at 64 - 65 days after sowing (DAS) in case of direct seeding and at 22 - 31 days after transplanting in case of seedlings by hand picking.
Marrow is a cucurbit, which means it's from the same family as the melon, cucumber, squash and courgette. Marrows, like zucchini, are low in food energy (approximately 71 kJ or 17 kcal per 100 g fresh marrow) and contain useful amounts of folate, potassium and provitamin A.
Marrow is a cucurbit, which means it's from the same family as the melon, cucumber, squash and courgette. Marrows, like zucchini, are low in food energy (approximately 71 kJ or 17 kcal per 100 g fresh marrow) and contain useful amounts of folate, potassium and provitamin A.
346:
D
Solution: Bolting problems in onions occur when the temperature goes below 10°C . The term bolting in onion means pre-emergence of seed stalks before the time of their formation at the cast of bulb formation and development. Bolting is an undesirable character because it directly affects the bulb yield of onion. Rabi onion starts to bolt at 20 - 25°C temperature. Early transplanting (August) and late (end of December-January) induce bolting in Kharif and Rabi onion, respectively. The restricted or poor vegetative growth also leads to bolting. It can be controlled by adjusting the time of transplanting in such a way that the crop may expose to a moderate temperature at bulbing. The maturity of the Rabi crop coincides with high temperature compared to the Kharif crop.
347:
D
Solution: Sree Dhara is a variety of Chinese potatoes . 'Sree Dhara' was developed by the CTRI, in Sreekaryam in Thiruvananthapuram. It is a high-yield Coleus variety with good cooking quality. It is the first variety of Chinese potatoes. The maturity duration is 5 months and the average yield is 25 - 28 T/Ha. It is a good variety of Chinese potatoes. The starch content of the tubers is 19.5 %. Bushy compact plant type. It bears a cluster of dark brownish, heteromorphous tubers. The tubers possess an aromatic flavour. Used mainly as a vegetable.
348:
A
Solution: 1 st Hybrid tea rose variety developed was La France . 'La France' is a pink rose found in France in 1867 by the rosarian Jean-Baptiste André Guillot (1827 - 1893). It is generally accepted to be the first hybrid tea rose. Hybrid tea is an informal horticultural classification for a group of garden roses. Hybrid tea flowers are well-formed with large, high-centered buds, supported by long, straight and upright stems. Each flower can grow to 8 - 12.5 cm wide. Hybrid teas are the largest and most popular group of roses, due to their elegant form and the large variety of colours.
349:
D
Solution: The nutrient involved in oil-biosynthesis is Sulphur . Oil crops respond to the application of sulphur, moreover, the sulphur requirement is the highest in oil crops in comparison with other crops, which is related to the role of this nutrient in oil biosynthesis. Sulphur is a component of plant amino acids, proteins, vitamins and enzyme structures. Sulphur is essential for many growth functions in plants including nitrogen metabolism, enzyme activity, and protein and oil synthesis.
350:
B
Solution: Sweet potato belongs to the family Convolvulaceae. The sweet potato or sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas ) is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. Sweet potato is native to the tropical regions of the Americas. Of the approximately 50 genera and more than 1,000 species of Convolvulaceae, I. batatas are the only crop plant of major importance some others are used locally, but many are poisonous. Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting tuberous roots are used as a root vegetable.
351:
C
Solution: The triploid species of Citrus is Citrus latifolia . It is also known by other common names such as seedless lime, Bearss lime and Tahiti lime. It is a citrus fruit species of hybrid origin, known only in cultivation. The Persian lime is a triploid cross between key lime ( Citrus × aurantiifolia ) and lemon ( Citrus × limon ). The fruit turns yellow as it ripens, but it is universally sold while still green. It is larger, thicker-skinned, with less intense citrus aromatics than the key lime.
352:
C
Solution: Guava bears fruits on Mixed bearings . It is one of the most common and major fruits of India and is considered the fourth most important fruit in the area and production after mango, banana and citrus. It is a hardy and prolific bearer and highly remunerative fruit. While guava can be grown from seed, it will not be true to the parent and may take up to 8 years to produce fruit. Trees are more commonly propagated via cuttings and layering. In this case, guava tree fruiting should occur when the tree is 3 - 4 years of age.
353:
A
Solution: Monoembryoic variety of Mandarin is Temple . Temple oranges, also known as tangor, are hybrid citrus fruits. They're hybrids of the mandarin orange and the sweet orange. The name tangor is a combo of tangerine and orange. Spicy sweet, with a hint of sparkling tartness, the Temple is one of the more full-flavored, complex citrus fruits you can buy. Temple Oranges have little to no seeds, the seeds are monoembryonic.
354:
C
Solution: Storing seeds at freezing temperature is Ex-situ conservation . Ex situ conservation means, "off-site conservation". It is the process of protecting an endangered species, variety, or breed, of plant or animal outside its natural habitat. Seeds were stored in paper bags and either kept in a cold chamber (7 ± 2°C) in the dark ( ex situ conservation) or buried in the soil to a depth of 5 cm in an area of the natural occurrence of the species ( in situ conservation). Ex situ conservation is the most efficient way to maintain the viability of the seeds of this endangered species.
355:
A
Solution: Night Blindness is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin-A . Night blindness is the difficulty for the eyes to adjust to dim light. Affected individuals have poor vision in the darkness but see normally when adequate light is present. A deficiency of vitamin A is a lack of vitamin A in blood and tissues. Vitamin A deficiency is the world's leading cause of preventable childhood blindness. Concentrations of preformed vitamin A are highest in the liver, fish, eggs, dairy products, and orange and other yellow fruits and vegetables.
356:
A
Solution: The yellow colour of tomato is due to carotene . Relative to phytonutrients, the most abundant in tomatoes are the carotenoids. Lycopene is the most prominent carotenoid followed by beta-carotene, gamma-carotene and phytoene as well as several minor carotenoids. During ripening, the colour of the tomato turns from green to red. The carotenoid pigment lycopene produces this red colour. Lycopene is the red carotene that is synthesized as a result of the breakdown of chlorophyll.
357:
B
Solution: The botanical family of Lotus is Nymphaceae . Nymphaeaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly called water lilies. They live as rhizomatous aquatic herbs in temperate and tropical climates around the world. Lotus is one of two extant species of aquatic plant in the family Nelumbonaceae. It is sometimes colloquially called a water lily, though this more often refers to members of the family Nymphaeaceae. Lotus plants are adapted to grow in the flood plains of slow-moving rivers and delta areas.
358:
A
Solution: Punjab Barsati is a cultivar of Brinjal. This variety takes about 64 days from transplanting to the first harvesting. Its plants are dwarf, erect, and thornless. The leaves are medium-long and shining purple. Its average yield is 140 q/acre. It is more tolerant to fruit borer and is most suitable for transplanting in the rainy season. Its average yield of 35.5 t/ha is 55.7%.
359:
A
Solution: The richest source of Vitamin A is ripe mango fruit. We can also get vitamin A by including good sources of beta-carotene in our diet, as the body can convert this into retinol. The main food sources of beta-carotene are yellow, red and green (leafy) vegetables, such as spinach, carrots, sweet potatoes and red peppers. All yellow fruit, such as mango, papaya and apricots.
360:
B
Solution: Pumpkin is known as a "vegetable of immense value" . Pumpkin contains a variety of nutrients, rich in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants that can improve your heart health. It's high in potassium, vitamin C, and fiber, which have been linked to heart benefits. Its low-calorie content makes it a weight-loss-friendly food. Its nutrients and antioxidants may boost your immune system, protect your eyesight, lower your risk of certain cancers and promote heart and skin health.
361:
A
Solution: The Directorate of Mushroom Research (DMR) is situated at Solan. Himachal Pradesh. The Directorate of Mushroom Research was established under the aegis of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research in the year 1983. It has grown up as a Centre of excellence for mushroom research and training in the country. It also plays a key role in creating awareness and popularization of mushroom cultivation throughout the country.
362:
A
Solution: Each beetroot fruit contains 2 - 6 seeds, hence requiring Thinning. As they get crowded in the row. Young tops make excellent greens. After thinning, the plants should be 2 to 3 inches apart. Thinning of beets can be done in two ways. Either pull the extra seedlings out completely or just cut off the leaves. The latter is the preferred method because it results in less root disturbance to the seedlings you keep, but I usually just pull the extras out.
363:
A
Solution: Introduction of genes coding for Bacillus thruringiensis insecticidal crystal protein confer resistance to Insects. The toxic insecticidal proteins secreted by Bacillus thuringiensis kill the insect and not the bacteria itself because the Bt toxin proteins exist as an inactive proteins which become active due to the alkaline environment in the gut of insects and thus cause intestinal perforation and do not harm the bacteria itself.
364:
D
Solution: A vegetable science journal is published in Varanasi. It is published in January and July of every year i.e. twice a year. It is a flagship journal of the Indian society of vegetable science. Original research in the field of breeding, physiology, ecology, production, management, seed technology, genomics molecular breeding, etc. It also contains invited reviews and interpretation articles and perspective that offers thought and commentary on recent advances in vegetable science.
365:
C
Solution: The first synthetic cabbage variety was recommended in the year 1992. Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var capitata) is a small, leafy biennial producing a compact globular mass of smooth or crinkled leaves wrapped over each other known as head.
366:
D
Solution: Apple is a type of False fruit. Apple develops from the thalamus not from the ovary as normal fruits that is why regarded as false fruit. A false fruit is a fruit that is developed from other floral parts other than the ovary.
367:
A
Solution: The tag colour of the breeder seed is golden yellow. Seed tags are labeled information provided to seeds. The individual purity and germination percentages and origin of each kind of seed occur more than 5% of the total weight. This helps in determining the true value of the seed for planting purposes. The buyer should learn to read and understand a seed tag because seed quality is the priority for cultivation and yield.
368:
B
Solution: A pest posing problem to mango export is Fruit Fly. Mango (Mangifera indica Linn.), an evergreen and widely cultivated fruit crop of tropical and subtropical regions, is attacked by about 400 insect and mite pests. Fruit flies and stone weevils are of quarantine importance and restrict the international trade of mangoes. The mango fruit fly, Ceratitis cosyra (Walker), is also commonly known as the marula fruit fly, based on its common occurrence in these host plants.
369:
D
Solution: In flowering plants, each anther has four numbers of pollen sacs. The anther contains pollen sacs that produce pollen grains which are male gametophytes containing male gametes. There are four pollen sacs in the bilobed anther. Two anther lobes contain 4 pollen sacs in which pollen grains are produced. Pollen grains develop from the diploid microspore mother cells in pollen sacs of anthers.
370:
D
Solution: Kunwari, Giant Snow Ball and Pusa synthetic are varieties of Cauliflower. Kunwari is a large dome-shaped curd variety of cauliflower, best sowing in mid-May - June in North India. It gets ready in 55 to 60 days after transplanting. It is a derivative of the cross between EC 12013 and EC 12012 and was released from IARI, Regional Station, Katrain (Kullu Valley). It is a late variety and suitable for the cool season. Its sowing time in north India is from mid-September to the end of October. Curds are very compact, medium in size and snow white. It is a mid-season variety, synthesized from 7 inbred lines with good combining ability, released from IARI, New Delhi. Curds are somewhat creamy white to white, compact becomes ready from mid-December to mid-January. It is suitable for planting from mid-September to late September in North India.
371:
B
Solution: The edible banana is Triploid . Wild diploid accessions are seeded whereas edible bananas are seedless, parthenocarpic and vegetative propagated. Most of these cultivars are triploid, even if some edible bananas are cultivated in Asia, the origin of Musa species. The gametes in the 2N pollen grains or 2N eggs are functional and on fertilizing a normal gamete they give triploid progeny. The triploid bananas are sterile and most sterile plants produce no fruits.
372:
A
Solution: Varsha upahar is a variety of Okra . This variety is derived from the cross Lam Selection IX x Parbhani Kranti, released from Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar. Varsha Upahar is a new variety of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) resistant to yellow vein mosaic geminivirus. It is medium in height, with short internodes, produces 2 - 3 branches, and can give seed yields of 1.5 t/ha. In 3 rainy season trials, it yielded 9.8 t/ha, outyielding a local commercial cultivar (6.6 t/ha).
373:
C
Solution: Indian Society of Vegetable Science was established in 1973. Indian Society of Vegetable Science is a non-profit organization, established in 1973. Its primary office is in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The main objective of this society is to promote knowledge and research in vegetable crops and to advance the cause of Vegetable Science in India. To encourage the development of vegetable cultivation and seed production based on scientific and technical knowledge and to hold conferences, symposia, and meetings from time to time for exchange of ideas and discussion of advances in knowledge of vegetable crops.
374:
C
Solution: Chrysanthemum species that is used for extraction of Pyrethrum is C. cinerarifolium. Pyrethrum is the name of the crude extract obtained from flowers of this plant. Pyrethrum is used as an insecticide for scabies, head lice, crab lice and their nits. The active chemicals, the Pyrethrins, are toxic to insect nervous systems.
375:
A
Solution: Aroma containing compound in potatoes is Dimethyl pyrazine . Dimethylpyrazine has chocolate, roasted, musty, nutty, grassy aroma and a musty potato, nutty, or oil taste. It occurs naturally in a wide number of foods including asparagus, black or green tea, beer, roasted coffee, potato chips, malt, soya, Swiss cheeses, wheat bread, mung beans, etc. 2-Ethyl-3, (5 or 6)-dimethylpyrazine, a heterocyclic, nitrogen-containing compound, is used in the food industry as a flavour ingredient for its characteristic roasted odour and flavour. It has also been used to artificially scent and enhances the flavour of potato chips.
376:
C
Solution: In this classification, all the vegetable crops requiring similar cultural requirements are grouped. This method of classification is of much practical value for farmers and students of Olericulture. Based on culture is the most convenient method of classification of vegetables and these are: Cole crops, leafy vegetables, salad vegetables, Root vegetables, cucurbit crops, solanaceous crops, pea and beans (Pod vegetables), bulb vegetables, perennial vegetables and tuber vegetables.
377:
C
Solution: Papaya is the most susceptible fruit crop to water logging. It is highly susceptible to waterlogging, even 2.5 cm of water standing around the tree for a few hours is likely to kill the plants. Papaya can grow on a variety of soils, yet the best soil is deep, rich, alluvial soil on the banks and deltas of rivers in India. The most important requirement for successful papaya cultivation is that the soil should have good drainage and be properly prepared before planting.
378:
B
Solution: The preservative used in the canning of mango pulp is Potassium metabisulphate . Mango pulp was preserved with the addition of potassium sorbate (PS), sodium benzoate (SB) and citric acid in combination while potassium metabisulphite (KMS) is used alone. Mango should be packed relatively tightly in the jars because the fruit will shrink in the canner during processing.
379:
A
Solution: The edible portion of Elephant Foot Yam is a Modified stem , much of the elephant foot yam can be eaten. When the leaves of the plant wither and die, the corm or tuber can be dug up and eaten. It is a remunerative and profitable stem tuber crop. Elephant foot yam is a tropical tuber crop and can be raised as a cash crop. The crop is gaining popularity due to its shade tolerance, easiness in cultivation, high productivity and less incidence of pests and diseases.
380:
A
Solution: Bajrang and Swarna are the cultivars of Cabbage. Bajrang: heads are dark green, smooth, highly compact, outer leaves are upright, mature in 65 days but can stand on the field for 45 days after maturity, and tolerate high temperatures up to 36 degrees Celcius. It is resistant to Fusarium wilt. Swarna: the head is round, head weight 3 kg, strong smooth outer leaves, matures in 110 days.
381:
C
Solution: Tag colour of the foundation seed is White, which means a white colour certificate is issued for the foundation seed by seed certification agencies. Foundation seed stocks grew by or under the supervision of a public agency for use in the production of registered and certified seeds. And the tag is the assurance that the seeds were analyzed and went through laboratory procedures for certification.
382:
D
Solution: Knol khol comes under the Brassica family of vegetables. It is rich in antioxidants and is a good source of dietary fiber. The edible part of knol-khol is the swollen stem . It is a greenish-white-colored big and round vegetable, similar to cabbage, although it does not have leaves covering it. There are long light green coloured extrusions. Which come out as its shoots.
383:
C
Solution: AGMARK (Grading and Marketing) act was passed in the 1937 year. AGMARK is a certification mark employed on agricultural products in India, assuring that they conform to a set of standards approved by the Directorate of Marketing and Inspection. The term AGMARK was coined by joining the words 'Ag' for agriculture and 'mark' for a certification mark. The head office is situated in Faridabad, Haryana. The present AGMARK standards cover quality guidelines for 224 different commodities spanning a variety of pulses, cereals, essential oils, vegetable oils, fruits and vegetables and semi-processed products like vermicelli.
384:
B
Solution: Granulation is drying up, becoming hard with greyish colour and enlargement of the juice vesicles with an increase in pectin, lignin, etc. resulting in a reduction of the juice content. It is a common physiological disorder of postharvest citrus fruit . It results in the rapid deterioration of sugars and organic acids of fruit, disordered juice sacs become hard and even lose their edible value. Thus, granulation was emerging as a heavy threat to the citrus industry development.
385:
D
Solution: All the given options are Mango, Banana, Bael, Jackfruit, Aonla, Phalsa, etc. are indigenous fruits to India. These fruits are locally produced, socially and culturally accepted as local foods and eaten by previous generations or introduced for a very long time. Indigenous foods are plant and animal-based foods that are naturally existing and produced in specific locations and consumed as part of traditional diets.
386:
A
Solution: Pollen grains are in the Binucleate stage at the time of pollination. Pollen of angiosperms may be either binucleate or trinucleate at maturity. The generative cell divides mitotically to give rise to the two male gametes before pollen grains are shed. A two-celled pollen grain consisting of a tube cell and a generative cell. The generative cell ultimately divides to yield two sperm cells well after pollination takes place.
387:
C
Solution: Passion fruit is a Day neutral plant. Day-neutral plants do not depend upon the amount of darkness or daylight hours. It flowers regardless of the length of the period of light it is exposed to. The passion fruit is the fruit of several plants in the genus Passiflora. Passion fruits are round or oval, and range from a width of 1.5 to 3 inches. Several varieties of passionfruit are rich in polyphenols, and some contain prunasin and other cyanogenic glycosides in the peel and juice.
388:
B
Solution: The richest source of iron is spinach. A cup of cooked spinach contains about 6.5 mg of iron, which is a fair amount, considering that an average person needs about eight milligrams a day. Spinach provides many health benefits but very few calories. About 3.5 ounces (100 grams) of raw spinach contain 2.7 mg of iron or 15% of the DV. Although this is non-heme iron, which isn't absorbed very well, spinach is also rich in vitamin C.
389:
B
Solution: Hill soils are deficient in Nitrogen. Soils of the hills and mountains are defined to be those found in areas with altitudes above 300 m above sea level and slopes of 18% and above. They were developed from various rocks mostly shale and sandstone, basalt and andesite, and limestone. Major land uses in these soils include forests, grasses and shrubs. Hill soils are generally termed as acidic with high organic matter and are prone to erosion.
390:
A
Solution: The optimum seed rate for marigolds is 1.5 (kg/ha). Seed rate is the quantity of seed of a crop that is required to sow a unit area of land for optimum crop production. Marigolds germinate quickly, sprouting within a few days and blooming in about 8 weeks, making them easy to grow from seed.
391:
A
Solution: Wax coating treatments enhance the shelf life of fruits because it blocks Transpiration. Transpiration is the loss of water from fruits and vegetables and includes the transport of moisture through the skin of the commodity, the evaporation of this moisture from the commodity surface and the convective mass transport of the moisture to the surroundings. Fruit waxing is the process of covering fruits with artificial waxing material. The primary reasons for waxing are to prevent water loss and thus retard shrinkage and spoilage, and to improve appearance. Eg: apples.
392:
C
Solution: Manganese deficiency causes marsh spots in pea. This disorder is prevalent in alkaline soils. The soils with Marsh Spot contained less salt-soluble manganese than those on which peas were free from the disease, but this relation depended essentially on the contrast between acid and alkaline soils. Mn serves as a cofactor and a catalyst in various metabolic processes in different cell compartments, such as the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II (PSII) or reactive oxygen species scavenging.
393:
D
Solution: Indian Institute of Crop Processing Technology (IICPT) is located in Thanjavur. The Institute is located at Thanjavur, the ancient capital of Chola Kingdom and the granary of Tamil Nadu. In its upgraded form, The National Institutes of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management Act, 2021 was published in the Gazette of India on 30 th July 2021 and the name of IICPT has been changed to National Institute of Food Technology. This institute aims to focus on providing solutions to all food processing areas including fish, meat and dairy products processing through intensive research and development activities.
394:
C
Solution: Pruning in ber is done during Spring . Pruning is done during the hot and dry season when the tree sheds leaves and enters into dormancy. In Tamil Nadu, the trees are pruned from January - April, in Maharashtra and Gujarat pruning must be completed by the April end and in Haryana by the May end. Annual pruning in ber is essential to induce the maximum number of new healthy shoots which would bear good quality fruits. It is also essential to remove the undesirable, weak, intercrossing, diseased and broken branches to avoid crowding and to encourage healthy growth for maximum fruit bearing.
395:
C
Solution: Ammonium sulphate is the nitrogenous fertilizer that is considered suitable for pineapple. Pineapple plants require heavy manuring. Nitrogen increases the yield of fruit. It can absorb nitrogen in the form of ammonia, thus ammonium sulphate is the best fertilizer for pineapples. Young pineapple plants should be fed 1 - 2 ounces of nitrogen every eight weeks, with the amount increasing by one ounce every 2 - 3 months.
396:
C
Solution: The correct answer is Option C: 10 - 12 Here's why: Beetroot, also known as Chukandar, needs enough space to grow properly. Seed rate refers to the quantity of seeds required to sow in one hectare of field. If you sow too many seeds (like with 14-16 kg/ha), the plants will be crowded and won't develop well. If you sow too few seeds (like with 6-9 or 5-10 kg/ha), you might not get enough plants for a good yield. 10 - 12 kg of seeds per hectare provides the optimal balance . It ensures enough plants to maximize yield without causing overcrowding. Therefore, 10-12 kg/ha is the commonly recommended seed rate for beetroot cultivation.
397:
B
Solution: A windbreak is a row or group of trees, shrubs, or structural elements (e.g. fences) that are used to block and direct the wind. Vegetative windbreaks are used in agriculture to prevent wind erosion or damage to field crops. Windbreaks are planted in orchards towards the North West . The windbreaks and shelterbelts should be formed in a North-West direction. These shall secure the crops and livestock against cold waves also.
398:
C
Solution: Ridge gourd is a cucurbitaceous summer vegetable grown throughout the year in the northeastern region and is used as a vegetable. It is a creeper and has a climbing or trailing habit. There is a wide variation in the shape and length of fruits. Hermaphrodite variety of ridge gourd is Satputia . This is a cultivar of Bihar, which is hermaphrodite in sex form which means have both male and female parts and it produces smaller fruits in clusters. In each cluster, 5-7 fruits are borne. Fruits are pale-green. The average yield is 20 - 25 tonnes/ha. It is mainly grown in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
399:
B
Solution: Cells without cell walls are termed Protoplast . It is a biological term coined by Hanstein in 1880 to refer to the entire cell, excluding the cell wall. It can be removed from the plant, bacterial or fungal cells using mechanical, chemical, or enzymatic means. Protoplast can be used to study membrane biology and soma clonal variation, including the uptake of macromolecules and viruses.
400:
A
Solution: IISR-Nithyashree is the improved variety of cinnamon. It was released in the year 1996 by IISR (Indian Institute of Spices), Calicut. It is one of the high-yielding and high-quality cinnamon selections. Bark oil, leaf oil and oleoresin contents are high giving a good aroma and taste. And no visible pest infection and diseases have been observed in this variety.
401:
B
Solution: The commercial source of tartaric acid extraction is Grapes . Tartaric acid is naturally found in grapes and bananas and has been reported to enhance the flavor of grape- and lime-flavored beverages. Tartaric acid is a white, crystalline organic acid that occurs naturally in many fruits, most notably in grapes. Its salt, potassium bitartrate, commonly known as cream of tartar, develops naturally in the process of fermentation.
402:
A
Solution: Anti gibberellin factor is any substance that has the opposite effect of the Gibberellin hormone. It is usually a growth-inhibiting factor that causes dormancy and abscission. Cycocel is the anti-gibberellin factor. It is a chemical substance that acts as an anti-gibberellin thus it inhibits plant growth. It causes the growth of a thick and short stem. It is also known as dwarfing agent.
403:
C
Solution: Among the given options, chili is not a self-pollinated vegetable. That means it can be successfully cultivated without self-pollination. Chilies widely used as vegetables and spice is an often cross-pollinated crop, where the extent of cross-pollination is up to 7 to 36 percent. The chili flower is pollinated by transferring pollen to the scar of the fruit leaf. The pollen is easily transferred by insects, both the pollen and the scar are sticky.
404:
A
Solution: Inflorescence of Anthurium is Spadix. The spadix is a type of inflorescence having small flowers borne on a fleshy stem. Spadices are typical of the family Araceae, the arums or aroids. The spadix is typically surrounded by a leaf-like curved bract known as a spathe. Anthurium spp. Belongs to the family Araceae. It is a typical spadix with a large colourful spathe. The spadix and spathe are the main focus of Anthurium breeders, who develop cultivars in bright colours and unique shapes.
405:
A
406:
A
Solution: Major alkaloid in coleus is Forskholin . Coleus forskohlii is an important medicinal plant which has a great role in Indian Ayurvedic medicine. It is the only source of the alkaloid forskolin the plant kingdom. It has excellent potential in the drug trade. It is used as a stomach aid and in treating intestinal disorders.
407:
B
Solution: Resistance breeding is done by Back crossing . Resistance breeding is an important strategy for reducing crop losses caused by disease. Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, to achieve offspring with a genetic identity closer to that of the parent. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding and production of gene knockout organisms.
408:
C
Solution: Kinnow is basically a Mandarin . It is a high yield mandarin hybrid cultivated extensively in the wider Punjab region of India. It is a hybrid of two citrus cultivars – ‘king’ (Citrus nobilis) × ‘Willow Leaf’ (Citrus deliciosa), developed by Howard B. Frost at the University of California Citrus Experimentation Station.
409:
D
Solution: The palmyrah palm belongs to the family Palmae. There are two kinds of the palmyrah- the male and the female. The male and female flowers are held by two different trees, never in one tree. Both male and female trees produce spikes of flowers but only the female plant bears fruits. However, both trees are used to tap toddy. The flowers are small and appear in densely clustered spikes, developing into large, brown, roundish fruits. The male flowers are smaller than the female flowers. The tapping of young female inflorescence in Palmyrah is called Kaivetty .
410:
A
Solution: Almond is originated from Asia minor. The almond tree is a native of southwest Asia basically Iran. The domesticated form can ripen fruit as far north as the British Isles. It is a small tree, growing to 4 - 9 meters tall. The leaves are lanceolate, 6 - 12 centimeters long, and serrated at the edges. The flowers are white or pale pink, 3 - 5 cm diameter with five petals, produced before the leaves in early spring.
411:
C
Solution: Seed plantation for production of naturally crossed dwarf seedling of coconut is located at Kidu . This centre is located in the Kidu Reserve Forest, Bilinele Village, Kadaba Taluk, Dakshina Kannada District of Karnataka State. The dwarf variety is very shorter in stature and its life span is short as compared to the tall. Tall × Dwarf (T×D), Dwarf × Tall (D×T) are the two important hybrid coconut varieties.
412:
A
Solution: The restricting temperature for growth of broad leaved evergreen trees is 5°C. The temperature below this will restrict the growth of broad leaved evergreen trees. The trees will just save energy to survive the harsh winters. The cold temperature inhibit root expansion into the deepen and colder soil layers and thus reported zero growth rate.
413:
A
Solution: Celery belongs to the botanical family Apiaceae . Apiaceae or Umbelliferae is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium and commonly known as the celery, carrot or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. Celery is a marshland plant that has been cultivated as a vegetable. It has a long fibrous stalk tapering into leaves. Depending on location and cultivar, either its stalks, leaves or hypocotyl are eaten and used in cooking. Celery seed powder is used as a spice.
414:
A
Solution: Colour of Pusa sweti variety of turnip is White . It is developed at IARI, New Delhi and released in 1976. Selection from an indigenous germplasm collection from Punjab. This variety is suitable for early sowing. It is sown in the month of August-September. The tubers of this variety are white in colour and shiny. The crop is ready after about 40 to 45 days of sowing.
415:
A
Solution: Fruit crop suitable for high soil pH Aonla. Aonla being a sub-tropical crop prefers a dry sub-tropical climate. Heavy frost during the winter season is not suitable for its cultivation. Slightly acidic to saline/sodic soil having a pH between 6.5 to 9.5 is suitable for cultivation. Due to the high erosion of soil, most of the soils are sandy to coarse loams in nature and have pH in the range of 7.1 to 8.5. These soils are most suited for orcharding, particularly aonla plantations.
416:
C
Solution: Pusa early dwarf is an improved variety of strawberries . Strawberry is one of the important small fruit among berries. Farmers grow varieties that are resistant to pests and diseases, have adaptability for the desired climate, remain in production for a long period, are high yielding and able to retain size after the 3 rd picking, have good processing quality and have good runner-producing capacity. Pusa early is the pride of North Indian plains and has a large size and wedge-shaped fruit. Furthermore, this is a dwarf plant variety that starts bearing flowers in the first week of February.
417:
A
Solution: Plant Introduction Scheme, headed by Dr. Harbhajan Singh marked the beginning of the systematic evolution of exotic and indigenous vegetable varieties started at IARI during 1947 - 48. A centralized plant introduction agency was initiated in 1946 at IARI, New Delhi. The agency began a plant introduction scheme in the Division of Botany and was funded by ICAR. Subsequently, in 1961 it was made an independent division and subsequently called as National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources in 1976. The ICAR scheme for 'Plant Introduction' commenced functioning in 1946 in the then Botany Division of IARI under the leadership of the Late Dr. Harbhajan Singh as the first 'Operational Scientist'.
418:
A
Solution: High production in protected cultivation is due to High photosynthetic efficiency . Protected cultivation is a process of growing crops in a controlled environment. This means that the temperature, humidity, light and other factors can be regulated as per the requirement of the crop. This assists in healthier and larger produce. This type of cultivation prevents weed growth and acts as a barrier to soil pathogens. Accelerates uptake of micronutrients from the soil by the active root zone. Conserves soil moisture thereby reducing the irrigation water requirement of the crop. Enhances quality of the product with cleaner crop.
419:
B
Solution: The most common training system of apple in India is Modified leader . In the modified leader system of the training system of the apple, at first, the tree is trained by a central leader system to develop the main trunk without any hindrance for the first four or five years. After that, it is cut at a height of 120 to 150 cm from the ground level.
420:
A
Solution: Higher lycopene synthesis is seen in tomatoes at a temperature of 21° - 24°C. Tomato fruit harvested green-ripe and exposed to light for 24 hours of ripening at 21° - 24°C in a growth cabinet, had a higher concentration of lycopene than light-ripe green fruit for 8 hours. However, the formation of lycopene is inhibited when the temperature of the fruits exceeds 30ºC. Lycopene is a bright red carotenoid hydrocarbon found in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables. It is found within the cells of tomatoes and should be cooked to help release lycopene and increase bioavailability.
421:
B
Solution: Almost all vegetables belong to the division Angiosperms . Angiosperms represent approximately 80 percent of all known living green plants. Examples range from the common dandelion and grasses to the ancient magnolias and highly evolved orchids. Angiosperms also comprise the vast majority of all plant foods we eat, including grains, beans, fruits, vegetables and most nuts.
422:
B
Solution: The global diversity of vegetable crops consists of about 400 spp . Out of which about 80 species of major and minor vegetables are reported to have originated in India. Indigenous and underexploited vegetables particularly leafy vegetables are widely used as sources of food and source of income for many poor communities in India. The richness of plant diversity is largely due to ecological diversity superimposed with tribal and ethnic diversification, plant usages and religious rituals.
423:
A
Solution: Viviparous germination is seen in chow-chow . vivipary occurs when seeds or embryos begin to develop before they detach from the parent. Vivipary includes reproduction via embryos, such as shoots or bulbils, as opposed to germinating externally from a dropped, dormant seed, as is usual in plants. Chow-chow is a single-seeded viviparous cucurbit. It is a perennial-rooted vine that bears edible fruits. The root, stem and seed contain high calorific value and carbohydrate content. It is mainly propagated using seed (whole fruit with seed)/ sprouted fruits.
424:
A
Solution: Papaya is rich in vitamin A . Papayas contain high levels of antioxidants vitamin A and vitamin C. Diets high in antioxidants may reduce the risk of heart disease. The antioxidants prevent the oxidation of cholesterol.
The possible health benefits of consuming papaya include a reduced risk of heart disease, diabetes, and cancer, aiding in digestion, improving blood glucose control in people with diabetes, lowering blood pressure and improving wound healing.
The possible health benefits of consuming papaya include a reduced risk of heart disease, diabetes, and cancer, aiding in digestion, improving blood glucose control in people with diabetes, lowering blood pressure and improving wound healing.
425:
C
Solution: Radish is the vegetable among the given options that is not transplanted. Radish is a root crop and root crops are not suited to transplants as the process will damage the root. The purpose of transplanting is to give each plant more space. Then the plant can develop its roots and leaves better.
426:
A
Solution: Vegetable that is a rich source of ascorbic acid among the given options is Chilli . The most important vitamin in fruits and vegetables is vitamin C. 90% of the ascorbic acid in human diet was supplied by them. Chilli can give more vitamin C than an orange. These fiery peppers beat oranges 3 to 1 in terms of the immune-boosting nutrient. It is said that a half cup of chopped or diced chilli peppers can deliver 107.8 mg of vitamin C. Hot chilli peppers are packed full of nutrients and antioxidants, including vitamin C, which can help boost your immunity and offer a wide range of health benefits.
427:
A
Solution: Potato tubers contain less than 20 mg solanine per 100 g fresh weight and is considered safe for human consumption. Solanine is naturally present in all potatoes, generally in the upper one-eighth of the skin. It is a colorless alkaloid with a bitter taste. Percentage of its amount is observed more in green potatoes. Solanine is not removed by boiling, but it can be destroyed by frying.
428:
A
Solution: Pungency in Chilli is due to presence of Capsaicin . The pungent feeling caused by allyl isothiocyanate, capsaicin, piperine and allicin is caused by activation of the heat thermo and chemosensitive TRP ion channels including TRPV1 and TRPA1 nociceptors. The pungency of chilies may be an adaptive response to microbial pathogens.
429:
B
Solution: Indicator plant for tristeza virus in citrus is C. aurantifolia . CTV is citrus tristeza virus, it is a viral species of the genus closterovirus that causes the most economically damaging disease of citrus. CTV is classically diagnosed by graft-inoculating a Mexican lime ( Citrus aurantifolia ) with tissue from a diseased plant. Symptoms on the leaves begin as clear veins that turn corky, which is then followed by chlorosis and cupping of the leaf.
430:
D
Solution: The modern method of propagation of ‘Guava’ is Stooling . It is the easiest and cheapest method of guava propagation which has been standardized at Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi. In this method plants are headed back to ground and shoots are allowed to develop on the beheaded stumps.
431:
A
Solution: Conditioning involves the preparation of cut plant material prior to its arrangement, to ensure that its life is not unduly shortened. Correct conditioning will make sure that flowers and foliage last for the maximum time, providing the most value and enjoyment. Conditioning in cut flowers is done to restore turgidity . It restores the turgor of flowers wilted after harvest, storage or transport. Conditioning is done with demineralized water supplemented with germicides and acidified with citric acid.
432:
A
Solution: Method of training for Kiwi fruit is T-bar system . T-bar or pergola system is ideal for training. In this method, a spacing of 4 metre from row to row and 5 - 6 m from plant to plant should be maintained. Pruning is an essential operation in kiwi cultivation because the fruits develop only on current season growth, arising from the buds developed in the previous year. Only basal 3 - 6 buds of the current season growth are productive.
433:
D
Solution: 'Sui generis’ is a Latin phrase which means a system of its own , therefore ‘unique’ in other terms. In terms of Biology, it is used for species that do not fit into a genus that includes other species. In horticulture, it is used by the plant breeders, to make treaties to adopt a sui generis system of protection for a specific plant type.
434:
B
Solution: Stone or epicotyl grafting is a simple, cheap and quick method of mango propagation with a success rate of 75 - 80%. Strawberries cannot be propagated by cuttings. So, it is wrongly matched pair. It can propagated by runners. Tongue or whip grafting is one of the oldest methods of asexual plant propagation. It is predominant propagation method used on apples. Ring or annular budding is a type of budding, in this a complete ring of bark is removed from the stock and it is completely girdled. It is used in jujube propagation.
435:
B
Solution: The Malling Merton series is related to Apple Rootstocks . The Malling series is a group of rootstocks for grafting apple trees. It was developed at the East Malling Research Station of the South-Eastern Agricultural College at Wye in Kent, England. In 1912, Ronald Hatton and his colleagues rationalized, standardized and catalogued the various rootstocks. Their first list had nine rootstock varieties, assigned the "type" numbers I - IX. The list later grew to twenty-four and the Roman numerals gave way to Arabic numerals with the prefix "Malling" or "M". From about 1917, a collaboration between East Malling and the John Innes Institute, in Merton Park in Surrey, gave rise to the Malling-Merton series, which were resistant to Eriosoma lanigerum , the woolly apple aphid.
436:
D
Solution: The tag colour of the truthfully labeled seed (TFL) is Opal green. The size TFL seed is 15 cm × 10 cm. It is the category of seed produced by private seed companies and is sold under truthful labels. Companies should maintain field and seed standards suggested for quality seed production as per the seed act. Truthful labeling is compulsory for notified kinds of varieties. Quality is guaranteed by producing agency. Applicable to notified kinds only. Applicable to both notified and released varieties. It should satisfy both minimum field and seed standards.
437:
B
Solution: Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI) is located in Jodhpur , Rajasthan. The Central Arid Zone Research Institute (CAZRI) is one of the biggest research institutes of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), an autonomous organization working under the aegis of the Department of Agriculture Research and Education (DARE) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare of Government of India. The institute conducts multi-disciplinary research to seek solutions to the problems of farming in arid regions of the country.
438:
B
Solution: The black rot resistant cabbage variety is Pusa Mukta . Black rot is a bacterial disease that affects crucifers. The bacterial pathogen, Xanthomonas campestris PV. campestris is particularly damaging to cabbage and cauliflower. The black Rot-resistant cabbage variety "Pusa Mukta", is a hybrid of EC-10109 and EC-24855 varieties. The plants of this variety produce compact, slightly flat heads, with a short stalk and light green leaves with wavy margins. The average yield of the variety is 30 - 35 t/ha.
439:
B
Solution: The seed production method followed in cabbage for higher seed yield is the Stump method . When the crop in the first season is fully matured, the heads are examined for true to type. The plants with off-type heads are removed. Then the heads are cut just below the base using a sharp knife, keeping the stem with the outer whorl of leaves intact. The beheaded portion of the plant is called the 'stump'. The stumps are either left in situ or replanted in the second season. By this method, the crop matures 12 - 15 days earlier.
440:
D
Solution: Potato tuber moth pest of potato attacks the tuber in both field and storage. It is the most widely distributed potato insect in the world. It is usually found in warm climates for overwinter survival and is considered a subtropical pest. The moth or worm is considered the most serious pest of potatoes in tropical and subtropical regions. Foliar injury in the field is due to the larvae (tuber worm) mining into leaflets, causing them to form transparent blisters, then move into stem tissue causing death. PTM/PTW damage is yearlong as the PTM will continue to breed in storage and lay eggs which will hatch into PTW. The length of the life cycle will depend on the storage temperature.
441:
B
Solution: Bougainvillea variety with variegated foliage is Thimma . Bougainvillea thimma Botanically known as Bougainvillea spectabilis thimma from Nyctaginaceae family. This is an evergreen shrubby vine, popular for its long-lasting, colourful flower bracts which appear periodically throughout most of the year. The vine species grow anywhere from 1 to 12 m tall, scrambling over other plants with their spiky thorns. The actual flower of the plant is small and generally white, but each cluster of three flowers is surrounded by three or six bracts with the bright colors associated with the plant, including pink, magenta, purple, red, orange, white or yellow.
442:
A
Solution: Almost all vegetables belong to the sub-community Spermatophyte . Spermatophyte also known as phanerogam is any plant that produces seeds, hence the alternative name seed plant. Spermatophytes are a subset of embryophytes or land plants. Seed-bearing plants almost all vegetables and fruits are a subclade of the vascular plants (tracheophytes) and were traditionally divided into angiosperms or flowering plants and gymnosperms, which include the gnetophytes, cycads, ginkgo and conifers.
443:
B
Solution: Pusa Kranti is brinjal, while Arka Kranti is cauliflower. Pusa Kranti: The variety has a dwarf and spreading growth habit of brinjal. Fruits are oblong and stocky than slender with attractive dark purple colour. Good for both spring and autumn plantings under North Indian conditions. The crop matures in 130 - 150 days. The average yield is 14 - 16 t/ha. Arka Kranti: this is an early tropical variety of cauliflower. It is a selection from a local collection from Hazipur, Bihar. The curds are white and compact. The duration of the life cycle is of 60 days. The average yield is 22 - 25 t/ha.
444:
D
Solution: Persimmons is the fruit, look like tomato and is classified as berry. Persimmons can be classed as either astringent or non-astringent. Non-astringent varieties of persimmons are ripe and ready to be eaten whilst crisp and can be enjoyed straight from the tree immediately after picking. Non-Astringent variety of persimmon are both Jiro and Fuyu .
445:
C
Solution: Vitamin-C is the thermo-sensitive vitamin. Vitamin-C is a water-soluble and temperature-sensitive vitamin, so is easily degraded during cooking and elevated temperatures and long cooking times have been found to cause particularly severe losses of Vitamin-C. It can also leach out of vegetables when they're immersed in hot water. It functions as a powerful antioxidant in the body and plays important roles in immune function, neurotransmitter production, collagen synthesis.
446:
A
Solution: ABA (Abscisic acid) is the chemical that acts as an aid for mechanical harvesting. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a key hormone involved in tuning responses to several abiotic stresses and also has remarkable impacts on plant defense against various pathogens. It acts as plant growth regulator, especially in seed maturation, seed dormancy, adaptive responsive to biotic and abiotic stresses and leaf and bud absicission. Mechanical harvesting systems are designed to achieve the mass removal of the commodity during the harvesting season at once.
447:
D
Solution: Botanical name of Mango ginger is Curcuma amada . Mango ginger is an annual plant that belongs to Zingiberaceae family. It has been cultivated throughout the world and is used for food flaovouring. It contains cic-trans hydrocimene, ocimene and myrcene. It is used as an ayurvedic spice for joint pain, itching in the skin, indigestion, cough and wounds.
448:
A
Solution: Leaf scorching in Mango is due to Chloride toxicity . Chlorine toxicity can result from air pollution, in the form of chlorine gas, or from excess chloride in the soil.
Chlorine is a micronutrient, essential to plant growth. However, too much chlorine can accumulate in leaf tissue, resulting in leaves with a scorched or burned appearance. This disease is characterized by drying of twigs and branches followed by complete defoliation, which gives the tree an appearance of scorching by fire. Trees with scorched leaves have brown or dead tissue on the tips, margins, or between the veins of the leaf. Leaf tissue may appear bleached, instead of scorched.
Chlorine is a micronutrient, essential to plant growth. However, too much chlorine can accumulate in leaf tissue, resulting in leaves with a scorched or burned appearance. This disease is characterized by drying of twigs and branches followed by complete defoliation, which gives the tree an appearance of scorching by fire. Trees with scorched leaves have brown or dead tissue on the tips, margins, or between the veins of the leaf. Leaf tissue may appear bleached, instead of scorched.
449:
A
Solution: The world collection of sweet potato germplasm is maintained in Peru . The genebanks at the International Potato Center (CIP) in Lima, Peru holds one of the largest ex situ collections of sweet potato germplasm containing almost 6,000 accessions of cultivated sweet potato held in trust under the International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA).
450:
D
Solution: Cucumber hybrid developed using gynoeciuos lines is Pusa Sanyog . Pusa Sanyog is a F1 hybrid (Japanese Gynoecious line × Green Long of Naples). Early and high yielding hybrid, fruit 28 - 30 cm long, cylindrical and dark green with yellow stripes crisp flesh, maturity in 50 days. Suitable to temperate region & hills of subtropical region.
451:
D
Solution: Pusa Majesty is one among the following that is the gynodioecions cultivr of papaya. It is a gynodioecious line, tolerant to viral diseases and root knot nematodes. The variety is suitable for papain production and is comparable to C0.2 variety for papain yield. The fruits are medium-sized, 1 - 1.5 kg in weight, round in shape and have better keeping quality. It starts fruiting 146 days from the time of transplanting. The variety is tolerant to root knot nematode.
452:
C
Solution: Percent of outcrossing in autogamous crops is < 5%. Autogamous plants are such plants in which pollination of a flower occurs by its own pollen. Outcrossing, also known as allogamy or xenogamy, is the transfer of gametes from one individual to another, genetically different individual. Thus, percentage of outcrossing is very less in case of autogamous plants.
453:
B
Solution: Pollination behavior of Robusta coffee is Cross pollinated. The Robusta coffee plant depends on cross pollination. Robusta requires cross-pollination by wind and insects. The main pollinators of coffee flowers are different kinds of bees. About 6 - 8 weeks after each coffee flower is fertilized, cell division occurs and the coffee fruit remains as a pin head for a period that is dependent upon the climate.
454:
C
Solution: Little leaf in brinjal is caused by Mycoplasma . Little leaf of brinjal or eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.) is one of the most serious diseases of brinjal in the areas of its cultivation. The disease is caused by a plant pathogenic mollicute, Phytoplasma (earlier known as a mycoplasma-like organism or MLO) and is transmitted by the insect vector, Hishimonus phycitis which belongs to the group of leafhoppers. Symptoms of the disease include the shortening of the petioles and the production of leaves that are much smaller in size. Petioles are so short that leaves seem to be glued to the stem. They become soft and yellow. Affected plants do not bear any flowers or fruits if infection is in the early stages of plant growth.
455:
C
Solution: In the floating garden, a floating base is prepared from the roots of Typha grass . A floating garden is a planting on soil buoyed up (as on the surface of a lake) by rafts of interlaced branches or other floating support found chiefly in the Mexico City area and parts of Kashmir. A floating base is made from the roots of typha grass or any other similar type of material. The floating base is kept in the water and seedlings are transplanted on leaf compost made out of the local vegetation growing in the area.
456:
D
Solution: The black tip of mango is caused by pollutant gases such as carbon monoxide, Sulphur dioxide, flouride, etc that emanate from brick kiln fumes. It is not caused by any microorganisms such as viruses, fungi and bacteria. The black tip is a serious disorder that is capable of causing considerable set back to the grower. Among the commercial cultivars, Dashehari is most prone to the disorder, while Lucknow Safeda is least. A spray of 1% borax at the time of fruit set, followed by two more sprays at 10-day intervals might be useful in controlling the disorder.
457:
C
Solution: Pungency in garlic is due to Diallyl disulphide. Garlic belongs to the Allium family of plants that produce organosulfur compounds, such as allicin and diallyl disulfide (DADS), which account for their pungency and spicy aroma. Diallyl disulfide is an organic disulfide where the organic group specified is allyl. It has been isolated from garlic and other species of the genus Allium. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, an antifungal agent and a plant metabolite.
458:
A
Solution: A medicinal plant with antiobesity properties is Guggal. Guggul is used for acne, hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis), weight loss and other conditions. It is a flowering plant in the family Burseraceae, which produces a fragrant resin called guggal, that is used in incense and Vedic medicine.
459:
A
Solution: Sweet potato is a drought-resistant crop. Drought resistance or tolerance is a broader term applied to plant species with adaptive features that enable them to escape, avoid, or tolerate drought stress. The prolific root system of sweet potato makes it a drought-tolerant crop, although supplementary irrigation is required at the time of planting for proper sprouting and establishment. Water stress reduces stem extension and internode diameter of sweet potato cultivars.
460:
A
Solution: The maximum concentration of inverted sugar in Jam should not exceed 40% . Inverted sugar syrup is a syrup mixture of the monosaccharides glucose and fructose, that is made by hydrolytic saccharification of the disaccharide sucrose. Jam contains inverted sugar formed by the heating process and the acid content of the fruit. This sugar preserves the jam for long periods. Golden syrup is a syrup of about 55% inverted syrup and 45% table sugar (sucrose).
461:
B
Solution: Horticultural Society of India (HSI) was set up in 1942 at Pusa. The Indian Academy of Horticultural Sciences ( formerly the Horticultural Society of India) had its headquarters at Lyallpur, Punjab (now in Pakistan) on its inception on 1 st January 1942. The headquarters of the Society was shifted to Delhi from Lyallpur in March 1949 after the partition of the country and was housed therein.
462:
C
Solution: Spice Board works under the Ministry of Commerce . Spices Board is a statutory body constituted with effect from 26 th February 1987 under the Spices Board Act, 1986 by merging the erstwhile Cardamom Board and the Spices Export Promotion Council under the administrative control of the Department of Commerce. The main aim of this board is to develop, promote and regulate the export of 52 spices and spice products that fall under its purview. It also engages in the promotion of production, processing, domestic marketing, and export of cardamom (both small and large).
463:
A
Solution: Budding is most commonly done when there is good sap flow in the plants . Budding is inserting a single bud from a desirable plant into an opening in the bark of a compatible rootstock to create an advantageous variety (cultivar) and rootstock combination. Vegetative buds are used as a scion. The time of budding depends upon the availability of buds and cell sap flow in the rootstock seedlings so that bark separates easily to take scion bud.
464:
B
465:
D
Solution: The Queen of tropical fruits is Mangosteen . The fruit is dark purple with a soft white fragrant edible centre very similar in construction to the sections of an orange. The taste is amazing with an exceptional blend of sweetness and tanginess and melts in your mouth. The nutritional value is high as it is rich in water, energy, protein, carbohydrates and fibre. It contains essential nutrients such as calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium, etc., and also vitamins such as Vitamin C, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin A and Folic acid. All these are very essential for maintaining good health.
466:
D
Solution: International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) was established in 1924 in Geneva, Switzerland. It is an independent, non-profit organization founded during the 4 th International Seed Testing Congress in 1924. Its members work to promote uniform methods of evaluating seeds being sold internationally to facilitate the international trading of seeds and contribute to global food security. ISTA Rules for sampling and testing seed quality, laboratory accreditation, and the promotion of seed science research and test development.
467:
A
Solution: Pungency in onion is due to the presence of Allyl propyl disulphide . Onion is valued for its bulbs having characteristic odour, flavour and pungency, which is due to the presence of a volatile oil allyl propyl disulphide. Pungency is formed by an enzymatic reaction when tissues are broken. Bulbs are suited for storage for a long period and long-distance transport.
468:
B
Solution: Pusa Rohini is a variety of tomatoes. This variety was introduced by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute in the year 2005. The fruits of this variety can stay fresh for longer times. They are medium in size and have smooth thick skin, red. The average yield of this variety is 412 q/ha.
469:
C
Solution: The plant suitable for the edge is Iresine . Iresine is a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae. It is also known as the chicken gizzard plant. It contains 20 to 25 species, all of which are native to the American tropics. Although Iresine can be planted both outside and indoors, it gets quite finicky outdoors. It's hardy to USDA Zones 10 to 12, and it needs a lot of heat and humidity.
470:
B
Solution: Quantitative traits having low heritability are improved by using recurrent selection . Recurrent selection means repeated cycles of selection and breeding aimed at gradual genetic improvement of a few key traits in a single species. Genomic selection and marker-assisted recurrent selection have been applied to improve quantitative traits in many cross-pollinated crops. The benefits of breeding are cumulative in that each cycle or generation of improvement builds upon advances made in prior generations.
471:
C
Solution: Jelmeter is used to determine pectin content. A jelmeter is a graduated glass tube with an opening at each end. It is used to determine the amount of pectin in fruit juice. It is an index of the amount of sugar to be used. The rate of flow of the juice through this tube is used as a measure of the jellying power of the juice.
472:
D
Solution: Arka Upkar is the improved variety of medicinal Yam. Medicinal yams are robust, perennial, branched, climbers native to tropical Asia, Africa and South America. The underground rhizomes or tubers contain alkaloids like diosgenin and pannogenin and are used for the synthesis of antiarthritic, anti-inflammatory, antifertility and anabolic drugs. This variety is a high-yielding clone released recently. The plants are very vigorous with a stout, robust vine, bearing broad dark green leaves: The tuber branches are thick, broad and deep. It has a higher diosgenin content of 3.5 to 4.0 percent.
473:
C
Solution: Fenugreek is diploid with chromosome number 2n = 16 . Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), an annual legume crop grown mainly for seed at present, has the potential to be a high-quality forage crop in western Canada. A cytological survey of germplasm stored at the USDA germplasm center demonstrated a somatic karyotype with a chromosome number of 2n = 16 .
474:
D
Solution: In budding and grafting the union between stock and scion take place through Cambium . In this method, the meristematic tissue of both stock and scion are joined together which is capable of cell division. This tissue is called cambium. In grafting union between stock and scion produces an undifferentiated mass of cells called callus. A callus is more or less corky secondary tissue developed lay woody plants over a wound. A callus is derived from the cambium.
475:
B
Solution: Amaranth species that is called Badi Chauli is Tricolor . Amaranthus tricolor , known as edible amaranth, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Amaranthus , part of the family Amaranthaceae. The leaves and stems may be eaten as a salad vegetable. It is an annual flowering plant with deep purple flowers. It can grow to 2 - 3 feet tall.
476:
C
Solution: International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) is located in Hyderabad, India . The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) is a non-profit, non-political organization that performs agricultural research for development in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa with a wide array of partners across the globe. The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) is based in Hyderabad, India. Its research is centered on sorghum, pearl millet, pigeon pea, desi and Kabuli chickpea and groundnut.
477:
A
Solution: Tomato is the day-neutral crop among the given options. Day-neutral are those that develop and mature regardless of the relative length of alternating exposures to light and dark periods. Tomato is a day-neutral plant. Some other examples of day-neutral plants are cucumber, cotton, dandelion, sunflower and some varieties of peas.
478:
A
Solution: Citrus species, resistant to canker is Citrus aurantifolia . Citrus canker is a bacterial disease that causes lesions on the leaves, stems, and fruit of plants including citrus and other plants in the citrus family. While not harmful to humans, the disease affects the health of infected citrus trees and the marketability of infected fruit. The Key lime or acid lime ( C. aurantifolia ) is a citrus hybrid ( C. hystrix × C. medica ) native to tropical Southeast Asia. It has a spherical fruit, 25 - 50 mm (1 - 2 in) in diameter. It is widely used because of its antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic, antifungal, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammation, anti-lipidemia and antioxidant properties.
479:
D
Solution: If the immature potato tubers are harvested, the outer tissues are rapidly loosened. This disorder of potatoes is termed Feathering . Potato skin that becomes scuffed or starts rubbing off is known as skinning or feathering. This happens when unripe potatoes are handled roughly and cause the skinned area to become dark if exposed to wind, sun or dry air.
480:
C
Solution: Radish is the root crop that is the most useful for intercrop and companion planting. Intercropping is the practice of growing two or more crops in proximity. The most common goal of intercropping is to produce a greater yield on a given piece of land by making use of resources that would otherwise not be utilized by a single crop. Companion planting is where two or more species are sown together to harvest the grain of a single species. Radish as companion plants include lettuces, tomatoes, carrots, onions, peppers, peas, cucumbers and spinach as well as herbs like dill, mint and oregano. The radishes will mature before most other crops and help break up the soil as they grow.
481:
D
Solution: Application of 1500 - 2000 PPM GA 3 at 2 and 4 true leaf stage in cucumber promotes the induction of male flower. Foliar application of GA 3 was found significantly superior over control in terms of different growth, flowering and fruiting behaviours of cucumber. Induction of male flowers in gynoecious cucumber cultivars was assessed by single and combinatorial spraying of AgNO 3 (3 mM), GA 3 (1.5 mM) and CoCl 2 (3 mM) after the first true leaf emergence.
482:
A
Solution: The crop showing the greatest inbreeding depression is Onion . Inbreeding depression is the reduced survival and fertility of offspring of related individuals. They reproduce either by the self-pollination or cross-pollination process. This phenomenon is observed in several other plant species that are further grouped based on the following four categories.
483:
C
Solution: Phalsa belongs to the botanical family Tiliaceae . Tiliaceae is a family of flowering plants. It is being sunk in Malvaceae. Grewia asiatica , commonly known as phalsa or falsa, is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family Malvaceae (Tiliaceae). It was first found in Varanasi, India and was taken by Buddhist scholars to other Asian countries and the rest of the world. The fruit is an edible drupe 5 - 12 mm in diameter, purple to black when ripe.
484:
A
Solution: China was the world's largest producer of cauliflower, accounting for 44% of total production followed by India with 29% of the world's total. China and India produce together more than 70% of the world's total cauliflower and broccoli. In 2020, cauliflower production in China amounted to approximately 9.5 million tons.
Cauliflowers are original from Asia, where they are known for many centuries. However, their spreading to other continents did not take place until the 18 th century. At present, it is mainly cultivated in Asia and the main producing countries are India, China, Italy and France.
Cauliflowers are original from Asia, where they are known for many centuries. However, their spreading to other continents did not take place until the 18 th century. At present, it is mainly cultivated in Asia and the main producing countries are India, China, Italy and France.
485:
B
Solution: Oil palm is pollinated by Weevil . Weevils are beetles belonging to the superfamily Curculionoidea, known for their elongated snouts. They are usually small, less than 6 mm in length and herbivorous. The pollinating weevil, Elaedobius kamerunicus (EK) has been known to be the most efficient insect pollinator of oil palm and has successfully improved oil palm pollination and increased the yield. Pollination occurs because this beetle is attracted by the scent of flowers, especially male flowers that are stronger in aroma than female flowers. Its introduction has greatly reduced the need for assisted pollination.
486:
D
Solution: The major post-harvest problem in Gerbera is Conking . Gerbera daisies can suffer from conking, a condition that causes the stem to become weak and fold in half. Cold storage at night helps minimize conking problems. Preventing dehydration and bacterial growth in the water also helps keep Gerbera flowers upright.
487:
A
Solution: Pant shubhra and Pusa shubhra are varieties of Cauliflower . Pant Shubra is a mid-season variety. This variety is characterized by semi-erect outer leaves. Inner leaves partially cover the curds which are compact, slightly conical, non-ricey, and off-white. This variety produces marketable curds by December - January. It takes about 120 days to produce marketable curds from nursery sowing. The yield potential of this variety is 250 q/ha. Pusa Shubhra is a variety of cauliflower. It belongs to the third maturity group. It is suitable for the rainy season. Curds are compact, a bit conical, creamish white and non-leafy.
488:
A
Solution: Mangla is one of the given options that is the F 1 hybrid of tomato. An F 1 tomato hybrid occurs when you have two tomato plants of different varieties and then one is pollinated by the other variety's pollen. The seeds of the resulting cross-pollinated tomato will grow plants that are F 1 hybrids. The children of F 1 hybrids are F 2 . Fruits of the Mangla variety are ready for picking after 65 days of transplanting and are medium having bright skin, and resistant to fusarium, verticillium and nematode.
489:
C
Solution: The chemical commercially used for the prevention of sprouting in potatoes during storage is CIPC. CIPC [Isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate] is the most widespread and commonly used sprout suppressant on potatoes when stored at 8 - 12°C. CIPC is primarily an herbicide that was introduced in the year 1951. All of these chemicals are federally regulated and applied by licensed applicators. These preservatives are only applied to the skin of the potato and are washed off by the consumer before consumption.
490:
A
Solution: Pectin is measured by Jelmeter . A jelmeter is a graduated glass tube with an opening at each end. It is used to determine the amount of pectin in fruit juice. The content of pectin can be measured by calculating the weight of the precipitation. It is an index of the amount of sugar to be used. The rate of flow of the juice through this tube is used as a measure of the jellying power of the juice.
491:
A
Solution: Garlic contains the amino acid Alliin . Alliin is a sulfoxide that is a natural constituent of fresh garlic. It is a derivative of the amino acid cysteine. When fresh garlic is chopped or crushed, the enzyme alliinase converts alliin into allicin, which is responsible for the aroma of fresh garlic. Alliin showed a good hydroxyl radical-scavenging effect and has also been found to affect immune responses in blood.
492:
A
Solution: First picking in bitter gourd can be done after 50 - 60 days. The crop of bitter gourd takes about 55 - 60 days from seed sowing to reach the first harvest. Further pickings should be done at an interval of 2 - 3 days as bitter gourd fruits mature very fast and turn red. The yield is usually about 60 - 100 quintal/ha.
493:
D
Solution: The commercial rootstock of sweet cherry is Mazzard . Mazzard is the most popular cherry rootstock grown in North America. It is generally more vigorous than Mahaleb, especially in poorer soils. Performs in deep soils with good drainage. This rootstock is somewhat dwarfing, cold hardy and precocious. It is a robust and determined cherry tree that offers high yields of tiny, delicious cherries. This variety is extremely disease resistant and works great as a rootstock for grafting other varieties.
494:
B
Solution: Welsh and Grimbell 1947 first reported male sterility in carrots. Cytoplasmic male sterility in carrots can occur in two morphologically distinct phenotypes. CMS system has been established for the first time in Asiatic carrot germplasm in India at IARI. CMS was introduced into carrot breeding materials and provides a very efficient tool for mass-scale pollination control.
495:
A
Solution: Petha is made from Ash gourd. Ash gourds, commonly referred to as white pumpkins, are a vegetable with a pale-green exterior and white, heavily-seeded, savory inside that is used to make petha. The gourd is sliced into bite-sized pieces and then cured for a few hours in a solution of lime. They boil the gourd pieces until they are soft after removing them from the lime solution, and then they soak them in a flavorful syrup. The final candy has a sugar-crisp exterior and an almost moist, sticky interior with a chewy, crystalline texture.
496:
A
Solution: Cauliflower is infected by Diamond Back Moth, It is one of the serious pests of cauliflower in India and worldwide. The greyish brown moth has typical white patches, which form a diamond-like appearance on the wings while in rest. It feeds on leaves and makes bite holes, causing excessive defoliation, mostly on the growing part i.e primordial. Chilli thrips are caused by Scirtothrips dorsalis . The infected leaves develop crinkles and curl upwards, Elongated petiole, Buds become brittle and dropdown. Early stage, infestation leads to stunted growth and flower production and fruit sets are arrested. Okra shoot and fruit borer are considered to be the major insect pest of the crop, which interferes with its economic production in almost all okra-growing countries. The larva bores into tender terminal shoots in the vegetative stage and flower buds, flowers and young fruits in the fruit formation stage. Potato is infected by cutworms. The caterpillars cause crop damage. They feed at night on young shoots or underground tubers. After tuber formation, they bore and nibble into the tubers affecting both tuber yield and market value.
497:
B
Solution: Pusa Early Dwarf, Pusa Ruby and Angurlata are improved varieties of Tomato . Pusa Early Dwarf is typically dwarf, 50 - 55 cm in height with compact fruiting, slightly flat in shape, medium large, uniformly red, ribbed, obscure furrow, 5 - 6 locules, 30 - 40 fruits per plant. Maturity 55 - 60 days after transplanting. Suitable for the rainy season in plains and March sowing in Hills. Pusa Ruby is an Early maturity (60 - 65 days) variety suitable for autumn, winter & spring summer. Fruits are flattish round, small to medium, 4 - 5 locules and slightly acidic. 25 - 30 fruits per plant. Good for juice & ketchup. Angurlata is a vine variety of tomatoes.
498:
D
Solution: Floating gardening is very much common in Jammu and Kashmir . A planting on soil buoyed up (as on the surface of a lake) by rafts of interlaced branches or other floating support is found chiefly in the Mexico City area and parts of Kashmir. Islands or floating gardens on the Dal Lake in Kashmir are formed from the weeds, after collecting them from the lake itself. Such weeds mostly consist of Typha augustata and Phragmites communis which are in the Kashmiri language known as Pech and Nargasa, respectively.
499:
B
Solution: Broad Bean is used for making wine. Any legume pods can be used to make wine, whereas broad beans are grown for wine processing as they have heavy pods. In addition to adding a slightly more rounded flavour to the wine, their sweet sugars should prevent the pod’s overall essence from being lost.
500:
B
Solution: The seed requirement for carrot cultivation is 5 - 6 kg/ha. Carrot is a cool season crop and will develop a good colour when grown at 15°C to 20°C. The crop needs deep loose loamy soil. It requires a pH ranging from 6.0 to 7.0 for higher production. Carrot can be grown throughout the year at an elevation above 1500 metres with assured irrigation.
501:
C
Solution: “Bulletin of vegetable crop research” is published in Poland . The Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin is a peer-reviewed journal, that publishes mainly original research papers. The journal examines various aspects of research and is devoted to the publication of papers dealing with the following subjects: biotechnology, plant breeding, crop cultivation outdoors and under covers, soil management and plant nutrition, etc.
502:
D
Solution: Universal Donor variety of Cherry is all the given options that are, Vega, Stella and Vista. These are good pollinizers to plant with any variety. Pollination is an important consideration in cherries. Many modern varieties are self-fertile and are universal pollen donors. There is strong anecdotal evidence to suggest that even self-fertile cherries give greater yields per hectare when planted in blocks of 3 rows with other pollen donors.
503:
C
Solution: The raw material for the synthesis of Synthetic Vitamin-A is Lemongrass . Lemon grass is, also called fever grass, a perennial plant with thin, long leaves that is indigenous to many Asian countries. Lemon grass contains citral, which is an essential oil and has medicinal and other useful significance. Nutritionally, lemongrass is a good source of vitamins A and C, folic acid, magnesium, zinc, copper, iron, potassium, calcium and manganese.
504:
C
Solution: The sympodial Orchid is Cattleya . A sympodial orchid has a stem that grows pretty close to the ground, although its flower spikes are sometimes mistaken for stems. From this low-growing stem, which is called a rhizome, sprout pseudobulbs, one growing from the base of the previous one. Cattleya is a genus of sympodial orchids.
505:
D
Solution: A mineral found abundantly in the bitter gourd is Fe (Iron) . Bitter gourd is a rich source of vitamins and minerals. It contains iron, magnesium, potassium and vitamins like A and C. It contains twice the calcium of spinach and beta-carotene of broccoli. Various anti-oxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds are present in bitter gourd. 100 grams of bitter gourd gives about 19 calories of energy. Around 3.5 grams of carbohydrates and 2.4 grams of fibre are present in 100 grams of karela while it contains only 150 mg of fats and 930 mg of proteins. It also has a high water content of 87 grams.
506:
B
Solution: Bitter gourd is the vegetable among the following options that are rich in Iron. Bitter gourd is a rich source of vitamins and minerals. It contains iron, magnesium, potassium and vitamins like A and C. It contains twice the calcium of spinach and beta-carotene of broccoli. Various anti-oxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds are present in bitter gourd. 100 grams of bitter gourd gives about 19 calories of energy. Around 3.5 grams of carbohydrates and 2.4 grams of fibre are present in 100 grams of karela while it contains only 150 mg of fats and 930 mg of proteins. It also has a high water content of 87 grams.
507:
C
Solution: The acetic acid content in Tomato sauce is 1.2% . Tomatoes contain lactic acid, malic acid and oxalic acid (i.e. acetic acid). The major organic acids in tomatoes are citric and malic acids, with citric predominating and their level depends on ripeness and cultivars. Acetic acid is added as a preservative while preparing the tomato sauce to increase the shelf life and also enhance the taste. The pH level of ketchup is 3.9. This condiment is considered acidic, just like the tomatoes, it's made from. Tomatoes are a little less acidic than ketchup.
508:
D
Solution: Indian Farming is a publication of ICAR, New Delhi . The journal Indian Farming, the first agriculture monthly magazine started in 1940, is issued by the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research of India and is a praiseworthy attempt to bridge the gap between the cultivator and scientific worker. It is a monthly with a pleasant appearance of format and is copiously illustrated. The contents include original articles on agricultural science, short notes on selected research work, reports from research stations, "answers to correspondents", practical hints to farmer and book reviews.
509:
B
Solution: Hen and chicken is a disorder of Grape . It is one of the most serious nonparasitic grapevine diseases. It is observed especially on strongly acid soils. It is a bunch disorder to describe bunches with berries that have a great range of size and maturity at harvest. Only a few seeded berries are set, and most berries remain small and seedless. This is called hen and chicken, or the pumpkin and pea symptom. It is observed that it is caused by a Boron deficiency.
510:
A
Solution: Arka Harit is a cultivar of Bitter Gourd . It is a pure line selection from a local collection (IIHR-4) from Rajasthan. Thin stem with light green, deeply lobed foliage. Fruits are spindle-shaped, glossy green skin colour without tubercles. The life cycle is of Duration 100 - 110 days with an average yield of 12 t/ha.
511:
D
Solution: Propagation of annual drumsticks is done by Seeds. Drumstick is a small or medium-sized perennial tree of about 10 m in height with a fragile and corky stem. The leaves are usually tri-pinnate with elliptic leaflets. Pods are pendulous and their length ranges from 20 cm to 100 cm. Seeds are trigonous with wings on angles. Annual types are propagated by seeds. The average seed weight is 0.288 g and 10 g contains 35 seeds. Seeds @ 625 g/ha can be either sown in pits or transplanted after raising seedlings in polythene bags. Transplanting of seedlings can be made one month after sowing. The time of sowing of seeds for annual seed drumstick or planting of limb cuttings varies from region to region depending on receipt of monsoon.
512:
D
Solution: Sel No. 29 is a tropical type carrot cultivar. Based on temperature requirements, carrots are classified as temperate or European and tropical or Asiatic. The tropical cultivars do not require any low-temperature treatment for flowering. They produce flowers and seeds on plains of high temperature. Sel no. 29 is developed by PAU, Ludhiana. This is one of the quick-growing varieties. Carrots of this variety are light red in colour with long tapering roots. An average yield of 80 to 100 quintals of the crop is obtained per acre of land.
513:
C
Solution: Gibberellin is the growth regulator which is the substitute for low chilling treatment. Gibberellin is a hormone that replaces vernalization. Vernalisation is the process by which plants use a prolonged cold period in winter to promote flowering. Gibberellin (GA) is the key plant hormone involved in regulating plant development. Thus, it is critical to elucidate the mechanism of the molecular regulation of vernalization and floral bud initiation to prevent premature bolting by the application of this hormone.
514:
A
Solution: Running water, high protection wall, terminal building and Baradari are important parts of the Mughal Garden. Mughal gardens are a type of garden built by the Mughals. This style was influenced by the Persian gardens. Fountain and running water was key feature of Mughal garden design. The garden might include a raised hillock at the centre, reminiscent of the mountain at the centre of the universe in cosmological descriptions and often surmounted by a pavilion or palace. Important examples of this architecture are the Taj Mahal, Charbagh, etc.
515:
C
Solution: Black corianth is a parthenocarpic variety of grapes used for making jams. Black Corinth is one of the varieties of grapes, in this pollination and fertilization take place but the embryo gets aborted subsequently resulting in seedlessness. This phenomenon of development of seedless fruits is referred to as ‘parthenocarpy’. The seedlessness or parthenocarpic fruits are advantageous since there is a greater preference among the consumers for seedless fruits and especially for making jams.
516:
D
Solution: Slaughter tapping is done in rubber before replacing the plantation. Slaughter tapping is an obsolete method of extracting large quantities of natural latex from rubber trees in a forest environment. The term slaughter tapping is used to indicate all-out bleeding of rubber trees to obtain maximum yield without regard to the health or longevity of trees. It is done one or two years before replanting or replacing the crop.
517:
A
Solution: Stenospermocarpy is the type of parthenocarpy in the Sindhu variety of mangoes. Stenospermocarpy is the production of abortive incompletely developed seeds and is caused when the trees of mango are exposed to low temperatures during the flowering period, interfering with the pollination and fertilization of the fruit. Sindhu is a parthenocarpic seedless variety, that possesses a very thin stone and good quality fruit.
518:
A
Solution: Onion bulbs are stored well at 0° to 1°C . In cold storage onions are stored in the temperature range between 0° to 1°C. under this low-temperature condition onions will not respire, thus there will be the least loss of water, keeping them fresh for a long period. On top of this, between 0° and 4° Celsius, onions can be kept healthy and suitable for storage for up to 12 months.
519:
B
Solution: Central Temperate Horticulture Research Institute is situated in Srinagar . It is a premier institute with the main campus at Srinagar and one regional station at Mukteshwar for carrying out basic strategic and applied research on major temperate horticultural crops. The institute is involved in the generation of basic information and identification of high-yielding varieties and hybrids. The institute was established to act as the national repository of germplasm and scientific information on temperate horticultural crops. A major objective of the institute is to develop eco-friendly disease/pest management techniques including mitigation of post-harvest spoilage to increase foreign exchange earnings through export and to reduce the import of items.
520:
D
Solution: The best method of vegetative propagation in Aonla is Patch budding . Patch budding is an easy grafting technique that can be used to either replace or add a new fruit variety to an existing tree. A budding operation is performed on one-year-old aonla rootstock. In this method, a rectangular patch of bark is removed completely from the rootstock (25 mm long and 10 - 15 mm wide) and replaced with a patch of the bark of the same size containing a bud of the desired cultivar (scion).
521:
C
Solution: The commonly used preservative in tomato ketchup is Benzoic acid . Benzoic acid, the simplest benzene-based carboxylic acid, has been known since the 16 th century. Its most common natural source is gum benzoin, a resin found in the bark of trees of the genus Styrax. It is a commonly used antimicrobial preservative in food and beverages, especially in carbonated beverages, as it presents its strongest antibacterial activity at pH 2.5 - 4.0. BA has inhibitory effects on the proliferation of bacteria and yeasts, a major cause of food spoilage. The concentration of benzoic acid in ketchup varied from 98.5 to 1284 mg kg -1 , with a mean value of 482 mg kg -1 .
522:
B
Solution: Sodium benzoate is added for the preservation of fruit juice in the concentration of 0.06 - 0.10%. Sodium benzoate and vitamin C can occur together in beverages such as fruit juice or soda, where these substances have been added to prevent spoilage and inhibit the growth of bacteria, moulds and yeast.
523:
C
Solution: The upper stem of a banana is called Pseudostem . The pseudostem is the part of the banana plant that looks like a trunk. It is formed by tightly packed overlapping leaf sheaths. The pseudostem is very fleshy and consists mostly of water, it is quite sturdy and can support a bunch that weighs 50 kg or more.
524:
B
Solution: French Breakfast, Pusa Chetki, Arka Nishant and Bombay Red are the varieties of Radish . The radish is an edible root vegetable of the family Brassicaceae that was domesticated in Asia. As these are easy to grow and quick to harvest, radishes are often planted by novice gardeners. Pusa Chetki is developed by IARI, New Delhi through selection from the germplasm of Denmark.
525:
A
Solution: Arka Pink star is a variety of Chrysanthemum . It is the flowering plant of the genus chrysanthemum in the family Asteraceae. Flowers are semi-double with pink colour, yield 135.26 flowers/plant. It is a dwarf with an early flowering character.
526:
B
Solution: Rosette formation is due to the deficiency of Zinc . A rosette formation characterized many small papery pointed tip leaves emerging from a reduced internodal distance. The other zinc deficiency symptoms are uniformly distributed interveinal chlorotic spots all along both sides of leaf margins, marginally small leaves with interveinal chlorotic spots and sharp pointed tip leaves with interveinal chlorosis with marginally reduced leaf size.
527:
B
Solution: Fire blight of pear is caused by Bacteria . Fire blight is a common and very destructive bacterial disease of apples and pears. The disease is caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora , which can infect and cause severe damage to many plants. The disease can kill blossoms, fruit, shoots, twigs, branches and entire trees.
528:
B
Solution: Harvesting of latex from opium capsules is called Lancing . The lancing operation is performed by skilled labor (an average of 6 persons to a plot), usually on bright sunny days between noon and 4 p.m. The hottest part of the day is chosen, since the pellicle is said to form on the surface of the freshly exuded latex due to the hot sun, resulting in a greater degree of evaporation and quicker thickening. This also helps prevent the latex from falling off the capsule. The lancing operation is started at the edge of the field and the person works backward to avoid contact with the exuding latex.
529:
D
Solution: Auxanometer is the combination of two words i.e. ‘ Auxain ’ means to grow and ‘ metron ’ means to measure. Thus an auxanometer is an apparatus for measuring the increase of growth in plants. The "rate of growth" is a derived measurement obtained by dividing the length of growth measured by the auxanometer, by the time said measurement took. It is also called an arc indicator.
530:
B
Solution: Potassium metabisulphite is also known as potassium pyrosulphite, it is a white crystalline powder with the chemical formula K 2 S 2 O 5 . It can be prepared by treating a solution of potassium hydroxide with sulphur dioxide. It is mainly used as an antioxidant or chemical sterilant, a food additive
531:
C
Solution: The richest source of mineral Selenium is Brazil nuts . Protein foods from animals are generally good sources of selenium. Seafood, organ meats, Brazil nuts.
Brazil nuts are the foods highest in selenium although Americans obtain most of their selenium from everyday staples, like bread, cereals, poultry, red meat and eggs.
Brazil nuts are the foods highest in selenium although Americans obtain most of their selenium from everyday staples, like bread, cereals, poultry, red meat and eggs.
532:
B
Solution: Canna is also known as an Indian shot . Canna indica , commonly known as Indian shot, African arrowroot, edible canna, purple arrowroot, or Sierra Leone arrowroot, is a plant species in the family Cannaceae. It is native to much of South America, Central America, the West Indies and Mexico. Canna indica is a perennial growing to between 0.5 and 2.5 metres, depending on the variety. It is hardy to zone 10 and is frost-tender. The flowers are hermaphrodite. It can be used for the treatment of industrial wastewater through constructed wetlands. It is effective for the removal of high organic load, colour, and chlorinated organic compounds from paper mill wastewater.
533:
A
Solution: Cytokinin is the plant hormone that prevents the mechanism of apical dominance in plants. Cytokinins promote cell division and increase cell expansion during the proliferation and expansion stages of leaf cell development, respectively. During leaf senescence, cytokinins reduce sugar accumulation, increase chlorophyll synthesis, and prolong the leaf photosynthetic period.
534:
A
Solution: CNSL is extracted from cashew nuts . Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is a versatile by-product of the cashew industry. The nut has a shell of about $$frac{1}{8}$$ inch thickness inside which is a soft honeycomb structure containing a dark reddish brown viscous liquid. Natural CNSL is obtained by the utilization of some solvent extraction technique. It is cheaper, and renewable and is successfully employed to manufacture a variety of useful Phenolic Resin to replace synthetic Phenol in many of its applications with equivalent or better results.
535:
C
Solution: Acute Magnesium deficiency is seen when the ratio is lower than 0.2 . Magnesium deficiency is a condition in which the amount of magnesium in the blood is lower than normal. The medical name of this condition is hypomagnesemia. Magnesium deficiency in plants is common where the soil is not rich in organic matter or is very light. Heavy rains can cause a deficiency to occur by leaching magnesium out of sandy or acidic soil.
536:
B
Solution: Weikang-a processed product is prepared from sweet potato.
537:
D
Solution: Maximum fruit set in brinjal is seen in long style . Brinjal is known to produce four types of flowers viz., long, medium, short, and pseudo-short-styled flowers with polymorphic ovaries. The number of flowers with medium and short styles is lower (10 - 15% and 22 - 30%, respectively). The highest fruit set was observed in the long-styled flowers ( 82.9 and 86.5% ) followed by medium-styled flowers (78.2 and 77.2%).
538:
D
Solution: Much hoeing is not advisable in carrots as the smell of the leaves attracts carrot flies . Hoeing is the process in which entire surface soil is dug to a shallow depth with the help of hoes manually or mechanically, weeds are uprooted and removed. Hoeing will attract carrot flies and they will lay eggs in the disturbed soil/cracked fields. This insect is a pest of gardens and farms, and mainly affects the crop of carrots, but can also attack parsnips, parsley and celery.
539:
A
540:
C
Solution: To get desired plant population of the french bean, the seed rate will be 85 - 95 (kg/ha) . Seed rate is the quantity of seed of a crop that is required to sow a unit area of land for optimum crop production. To maintain optimum plant population in the field for higher yield harvest and also to prevent seed wastage from excess sowing such reduces the initial cost of production. French bean is an herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seeds or unripe fruit. The common bean is high in starch, protein, and dietary fiber, and is an excellent source of iron, potassium, selenium, thiamine, vitamin B6 and folate.
541:
C
Solution: Segmental allopolyploidy is found in potatoes. Segmental allopolyploidy is an intermediate point between autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy. These are both recombinations within subgenomes (disomic inheritance) and between subgenomes (tetrasomic inheritance) that occur during meiosis. The effects of autopolyploidization at morphological, physiological and molecular levels have been explored and no evident phenotypic superiority of polyploid lines concerning the parental diploid lines has been found. There were DNA methylation changes between diploids and polyploids, indicating that polyploidization alters the epigenetic patterns in potatoes.
542:
C
Solution: Disease-free plants in micro-propagation can be obtained through meristem culture . Meristem culture is a tissue culture technique that uses an apical meristem with 1 - 3 leaf primordia to prepare vegetative propagation clones of a plant. The main aim of this culture is to obtain disease-free plants, and shoot tips of up to 10 mm are used. For rapid clonal propagation, a shoot-tip culture is followed in which (5 - 10 mm) explants are used. Hence, the majority of meristem cultures are essentially shoot-tip cultures. It happens because its active cell division reduces the differentiation of vascular tissues.
543:
D
Solution: The necrosis susceptible variety of Aonla is Francis . Necrosis, a physiological disorder has been observed in aonla fruits. This particular disorder has been observed mostly in the case of Banarasi and Francis varieties. Fully developed brown-colored fruits are harvested. Delay in harvesting results in heavy dropping of fruits in case of some varieties. This variety is physically erect and tall tree, good and regular bearer, Branches have the drooping habit. Large fruited weighing about 63 gms, oval roundish, light green, slightly fibrous, moderately juicy.
544:
B
Solution: Protandry is a problem in Walnut . Protandry is the condition in which the male reproductive organs (stamens) of a flower mature before the female ones (carpels), thereby ensuring that self-fertilization does not occur. It is a state in hermaphroditic systems that are characterized by the development of male organs or maturation of their products before the appearance of the corresponding female product thus inhibiting self-fertilization and that is encountered commonly in mints, legumes, carrots, walnut, etc. In walnut, pollen is shed before the ovules are mature.
545:
A
Solution: The fertilizer important for carrots is K (Potassium). For Carrot plants, it is best to choose a fertilizer low in nitrogen and high in phosphate and potassium. 0-10-10 or 5-15-15 fertilizer will work well for the Carrot plant. It is because potassium and phosphate promote root growth in carrots, and these nutrients will help their better growth.
546:
B
Solution: The Carnation variety tolerant to nematodes and fusarium wilt is Arka Flame . It is an in vitro mutation selection from IIHRS-1, standard type carnation with a single flower on the straight stalk and produces flowers of red colour with smooth petal edges. Elongated flower buds open slowly and have good keeping quality. It yields 300 - 360 flowers.m 2 per year with a thick straight flower stalk. The most important characteristic of this variety is its tolerance to nematode and fusarium wilt.
547:
A
Solution: Arka Vikas is a cultivar of tomato . It is a pure line selection from American Variety Tip-Top. Fruits are medium-large (80 - 90 g), oblate with light green shoulder, which develop deep red on ripening. Bred for fresh market. Adapted to both rainfed and irrigated conditions. Its yield is 35 t/ha in 140 days.
548:
D
Solution: The weed that causes Asthma is Parthenium. Parthenium hysterophorus is a noxious weed in America, Asia, Africa and Australia. This weed is considered to be a cause of allergic respiratory problems, contact dermatitis, mutagenicity in human and livestock. It is an annual herb with a deep taproot and an erect stem that becomes woody with age.
549:
C
Solution: The Brinjal variety that is bicoloured is Vaishali . The variety has a dwarf and spreading type of growth habit. Fruits are oval in shape purple in colour with white stripes. The stalks of the fruits bear spines. The crop is ready for first picking within 60 days after transplanting. The average yield is 30 t/ha.
550:
B
Solution: The botanical name of cauliflower is Brassica oleracea var. botrytis . Cauliflower, (Brassica oleracea, variety botrytis), a highly modified form of cabbage in the mustard family (Brassicaceae), is grown for its edible masses of partially developed flower structures and fleshy stalks. The word cauliflower derives from the Latin words caulis (cabbage) and flōs (flower), reflecting its membership in the cabbage family.
551:
A
Solution: In knol-rabi, the fleshy edible part is the enlargement of the stem. Khol Rabi which is the german name for cabbage turnip resembles an above-ground turnip. It is also called knol-knol . The fleshy edible proration is an enlargement of the stem, which develops entirely above ground and is used as a vegetable.
552:
B
Solution: The correct answer is B: Dull sound when fruit is thumped Here's why: * Anthesis refers to the flowering stage. While knowing the days after flowering can be helpful, it's not the *most* reliable indicator because weather and growing conditions can affect maturity rates. * The "thumping" method is a common way to check a watermelon's ripeness. * A dull, hollow sound usually indicates the watermelon is ripe. The flesh has developed and is full of juice. * A metallic or ringing sound often means the watermelon is unripe. * Therefore, judging by the sound is the most practical and quick indicator for ripeness in watermelons.
553:
C
Solution: Lantana (Lantana camera) belongs to the family Vervenaceae . It is a genus of about 150 species of perennial flowers in the verbena family. Lantana's aromatic flower clusters (called umbels) are a mix of red, orange, yellow, or blue and white florets. The flowers typically change colour as they mature, resulting in inflorescences that are two or three colored.
554:
C
Solution: Bearing habit of Cocao is Cauliflorous . Cauliflory is a botanical term referring to plants that flower and fruit from their main stems or woody trunks, rather than from new growth and shoots. Cacao (Theobroma cacao) is a well-known cauliflorous tree with flowers and fruits that develop on the main trunk and branches. Ground seeds are the source of chocolate. The fruit of cacao (Theobroma cacao) is attached to the main trunk of a small tree. Ground seeds are the source of chocolate.
555:
C
Solution: Cucurbit plants are Vines. Cucurbitaceae, the gourd family of flowering plants, belonging to the order Cucurbitales and containing 98 genera and about 975 species of food and ornamental plants. The Cucurbitaceae or vine crop family is a distinct family without any close relatives and includes many important vegetables such as cucumber, melon, watermelon, squash, pumpkin and gourds. Members of the family are annual or perennial herbs native to temperate and tropical areas.
556:
B
Solution: Suvasini is a Double type of marigold. This new hybrid bears double flowers on medium spikes. The flower buds are greenish in contrast to pinkish buds in 'Suvasini' and local double. It is a double-flowered multi-whorled variety released by the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bangalore. It is a cross between 'Single' and 'Double'. This variety produces more flowers per spike.
557:
A
Solution: In the metaphase stage of the cell, division chromosomes are arranged on the equatorial plate . It is a stage of mitosis in the eukaryotic cell cycle in which chromosomes are at their second-most condensed and coiled stage. The chromosomes, carrying genetic information, align in the equator of the cell before being separated into each of the two daughter cells. This can be referred to as the equatorial plate.
558:
D
Solution: The method followed for the production of inbreds in Self-incompatible lines is Sibbing as well as Bud pollination . Self-incompatibility (SI) is a general name for several genetic mechanisms that prevent self-fertilization in sexually reproducing organisms and thus encourage outcrossing and allogamy.
Sibbing is a process of pollinating an emasculated plant with pollen from a sister plant. The pollination taking place when the flower is in the bud condition is called bud pollination. It usually occurs in the flowers in which the stigma and the pollen grains mature or ripens even before the opening of the bud. Example Pea, Grass, etc.
Sibbing is a process of pollinating an emasculated plant with pollen from a sister plant. The pollination taking place when the flower is in the bud condition is called bud pollination. It usually occurs in the flowers in which the stigma and the pollen grains mature or ripens even before the opening of the bud. Example Pea, Grass, etc.
559:
C
Solution: The cowpea variety that is unaffected by day length (Photo insensitive) is Pusa Dofasli . This variety is released by IARI and is a cross between Pusa Phalguni × Philippine selections. It is photo insensitive, bushy cultivar, and suitable for both summer and rainy seasons. The crop comes to harvest in 55 - 60 days and yields about 7.5 - 8 t/ha.
560:
D
Solution: Strains of Bt produce toxins, which confer resistance against Lepidopteran larvae, Dipteran insects as well as coleopteran insects. Bt ( Bacillus thuringiensis ) strains synthesize Crystal (Cry) and cytolytic (Cyt) toxins, at the onset of sporulation and during the stationary growth phase as parasporal crystalline inclusions. Cry proteins are specifically toxic to the insect orders Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Diptera, and also to nematodes. B. thuringiensis serves as an important reservoir of Cry toxins for the production of biological insecticides and insect-resistant genetically modified crops.
561:
A
Solution: Quisqualis indica is a climber. It is a popular climber in tropical gardens hardy, quick growing and needs strong support. Rangoon creeper (Quisqualis indica) is regarded as an emerging environmental weed in northern Queensland and the northern parts of the Northern Territory and is a potential environmental weed or "sleeper weed" in other warmer and wetter parts of the country.
562:
C
Solution: Botanically loquat fruit is a Pome . A pome is a fruit consisting of a fleshy enlarged receptacle and a tough central core containing the seeds, e.g. an apple, pear, or Loquat. The loquat fruit (Eriobotrya japonica) is also a pome. The loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) is a large evergreen shrub or tree, grown commercially for its orange fruit and for its leaves, which are used to make herbal tea. It is also cultivated as an ornamental plant.
563:
C
Solution: Public Health Laboratory is located in Pune. The State has Public Health laboratories situated at State, Regional and District levels. The State Level Laboratory at Pune is also recognized as Central Food Laboratory. The two Regional Laboratories are located in Aurangabad and Nagpur. To examine water samples chemically and bacteriologically for portability and to examine samples of blood, stool and vomit for isolation of enteric pathogens. To analyze samples of sewage, trade waste and effluent for statutory control of environmental pollution. To organize Health Education and Training Activities to create public awareness for detecting adulteration. To carry out an analysis of food samples under the prevention of food adulteration Act.
564:
A
Solution: Pusa Chetki is a radish variety among the given options that are of tropical type. This variety has wider adaptability and can tolerate high temperatures. It is suitable for growing from mid-march to mid-August in northern and central parts of India. In southern and western parts of India. It can be grown throughout the year. Roots are medium long, stumpy, pure white, wildly pungent and mature in 40 - 45 days. It is grown as a summer and monsoon crop from April to September.
565:
B
Solution: Gladiolus is propagated by bulbs . Gladiolus is propagated by bulbs (the underground storage organs - which are sometimes wrongly called corms and cormels. The cormels of the first year would be normally of very small size and would not yield any flowers. Dig up each corm and remove the small cormlets from the bottom. Store them over the winter and plant them in the spring.
566:
C
Solution: Plants that become dormant during summer are known as Caducous . The caduceus is dropping off or shedding at an early stage of development, like the gills of most amphibians or the sepals or stipules of certain plants. Detaching or dropping off at an early stage of development. The gills of most amphibians and the sepals or stipules of certain plants are caducous.
567:
C
Solution: The optimum seed rate of garlic (kg/ha) in terms of clove is 400 - 500 . Seed rate may be defined as the amount of seed required for a unit area of land to grow any crop successfully. In other words, the amount of seed required to raise a crop successfully on a given land is called the optimum seed rate for that crop of the land. Dip cloves in carbendazim solution (0.1%) just before planting to reduce the incidence of fungal diseases during establishment. The seed rate for garlic is 400 - 500 kg/ha. Selected cloves should be planted vertically 2 cm below the soil surface with a plant-to-plant spacing of 10 cm and row-to-row spacing of 15 cm.
568:
C
Solution: Ploidy level in case of Persimmon is Hexaploid . The persimmon is the edible fruit of several species of trees in the genus Diospyros . Persimmon trees are typically dioecious, meaning male and female flowers are produced on separate trees. There are two races of persimmon: the tetraploid (60-chromosome) race is centered in the southern Appalachian region, while the hexaploid (90-chromosome) race generally occupies a range north and west of the tetraploid range.
569:
A
Solution: Sweet potato is the crop among the given options in which adventitious roots are present. Adventitious roots include those formed on stem and leaf cuttings and those produced by air layering. Adventitious aerial roots of many tropical trees are common. Adventitious roots are the ones that are modified to store food and water. They are also called root tubers. Sweet potato is a dicot plant from the family Convolvulaceae. It is an example of an adventitious root and is a modified form of the tuberous root.
570:
A
Solution: The whip tail of cauliflower is caused by a deficiency of molybdenum. In this condition, the leaf blades do not develop properly and become strap-like. The growing point is severely deformed and no marketable curd is formed. This condition in cauliflower results because of the deficiency of molybdenum which occurs in acidic soils below 4 - 5 pH. It may be controlled by liming the soil which reduces the acidity and increases the soil pH up to 6.5. It may also be controlled by the application of 1 - 2 kg/ac of sodium or ammonium molybdate.
571:
A
Solution: Gynodioecious variety of papaya is Pusa delicious. Gynodioecious is dioecious but has some hermaphrodite or perfect flowers on an individual plant that bears mostly pistillate flowers. Pusa delicious is a gynodioecious, high-yielding variety developed by sibmating the variety Ranchi. Plants are medium-sized with first fruiting at 80 cm height, 253 days after planting.
Fruits weigh1 to 2 kg and have a distinct flavour and moderate keeping quality. The pulp is deep orange, 4 cm thick with 10 to 13°Brix TSS while the seed cavity is 14 × 8 cm. It yields about 41 kg/plant.
Fruits weigh1 to 2 kg and have a distinct flavour and moderate keeping quality. The pulp is deep orange, 4 cm thick with 10 to 13°Brix TSS while the seed cavity is 14 × 8 cm. It yields about 41 kg/plant.
572:
C
Solution: An interspecific hybrid variety of tomatoes is Pusa Red plum. It has been evolved at the IARI by a cross between cultivated tomato and the wild L. pimpinellifolium. It is an early variety suitable for table use. The fruits are small, borne in clusters with red colour and high vitamin C and sugar content. The plants are tall, with determinate growth habits, vigorous and high yielding.
573:
C
Solution: Foliage purpose shrub is Croton. Foliage plants add a bit of greenery to indoor spaces and can even help clean the air. Plants that generally live in the rainforest, a tropical setting or even a desert can get acclimated to the conditions in your home. Croton is a member of the Euphorbiaceae family of plants, which makes them relatives of the poinsettia and the cast iron plant. The croton is an easy-to-grow houseplant known for its variegated foliage covered in green, scarlet, orange and yellow splotches.
574:
C
Solution: Mango malformation is associated with Mites and fungi. Mango malformation disease is caused by one or more species of the fungus Fusarium. Abnormal, compact development of shoots and flowers are common signs of mango malformation disease. Both normal growth and mango malformation disease-affected growth may be present on a plant at the same time. The mango bud mite, Aceria mangiferae, has been associated with mango malformation disease as wounds from the mites, feeding activity are thought to facilitate fungal infection.
575:
A
Solution: Acidic fruits are packed in R-enamel cans. R enamel-lined cans preserve the colour of such highly coloured foods as berries, prunes, and beets, and prevent corrosion in pumpkin and squash. It is their acidity level, combined with the proper heat processing of the filled jars that makes jars of these as safe as they are nutritious.
576:
A
Solution: The black leg of Cabbage is more incident in saline soils . Blackleg caused by Phoma lingam attacks many brassica crops and can spread rapidly within a field. The disease has become less important in cruciferous crops because of successful disease management strategies in seed production. The soil of the field should be new or used after treatment with formalin solution or methyl bromide as a disinfectant to reduce the incidence of this disease.
577:
A
Solution: D-Leaf is the best indicator of the nutrient status of pineapple. Pineapple 'D' leaf. The „D‟ leaf is defined as the most recently matured leaf with maximum physiological activity. The leaf is the principal site of plant metabolism, therefore, changes in the nutrient supply are reflected in the composition of the index. Leaf nutrient analysis is the best diagnostic tool that recommends nutrient application only in direct economic response of the fruit crop. It seems to be the best method for identifying the need for the use of nutrients. The study indicates the significance of the D leaf for balancing fertilization in pineapple.
578:
D
Solution: Sago is made from cassava. Sago is a starch extracted from the pith, or spongy core tissue, of various tropical palm stems. Sago is a starch extracted from the cassava plant. It is also called sago or sabudana. It is made by crushing raw tapioca roots in a tank and the juice obtained is stored till it turns into a paste. This paste is then made into small round white balls through a machine.
579:
A
Solution: Cultivated single-seeded cucurbit is Chayote. Chayote ( Sechium edule ), also known as mirliton and Choko, is an edible plant belonging to the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. The fruit is roughly pear-shaped, somewhat flattened and with coarse wrinkles, ranging from 10 to 25 cm in length. Depending on the variation, one fruit can weigh up to 1.2 kg. It looks like a green pear and it has a thin, green skin fused with the green to white flesh, and a single, large, flattened pit for seed. Raw chayote may be added to salads or salsas, most often marinated with lemon or lime juice, but is often regarded as unpalatable and tough in texture. Whether raw or cooked, chayote is a good source of vitamin C.
580:
A
Solution: Litchi is a single-seeded nut from the given options. Litchi is a subtropical fruit tree of the family Sapindaceae with great economic and nutritional value. Based on fruit anatomy, the fruit of litchi is a drupe with an edible aril enclosing a single seed surrounded by a pericarp. The fruit is a one-seeded nut, develops in bunches and varies in shape and size. The edible portion of litchi called an aril lies under the papillate, pinkish-red pericarp and surrounds the dark-brown, oily-skinned seed.
581:
A
Solution: Wine flower is caused by yeast . It is like a thin layer of bacteria has formed on your wine. Winemakers refer to this as flowers or flowers of wine. It slowly degrades the wine and ferments some of the alcohol in the wine. Flor in winemaking is a film of yeast on the surface of the wine, important in the manufacture of some styles of sherry. The flor is formed naturally under certain winemaking conditions, from indigenous yeasts found in the region of Andalucía in southern Spain.
582:
A
Solution: Jobner Green is a high-yielding variety of Indian Spinach (beet leaf). This was developed at the Jobner campus of the University of Udaipur by selection from a spontaneous mutation detected in a local collection. It produces green, large, thick and tender leaves with a strong flavour having an entire margin. It is a high yielder and gives an average yield of 30 tonnes/ha.
583:
B
Solution: The sex form in betel vine is Dioecious which means both male and female clones are cultivated based on local preference. Sex determination in this crop is not readily possible as flowering in both sexes is observed in specific regions of the country. It is a perennial evergreen creeper.
584:
D
Solution: Seed longevity is defined as seed viability after seed dry storage and therefore describes the total seed life span. This storability period includes both the dormant and non-dormant states. Seed longevity of lettuce is 6 years. Seed longevity of cucumber is 5 years. Seed longevity of onion is 1 year. Seed longevity of okra is 2 years.
585:
C
Solution: Vitamin abundantly found in rose hips is Vitamin C . Rosehip is part of the fruit that grows on the blossom of a wild rose called Rosa canina. This rose grows mostly in Europe and parts of Africa and Asia. Rosehips are packed full of vitamin C, E and other antioxidants, minerals and polyphenols. This pseudo fruit exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidants and antiobesogenic activities.
586:
A
Solution: Pusa Urmi and Pusa Shreya are the latest varieties of Ash gourd grown for commercial cultivation. Both of these varieties are developed at IARI, New Delhi and are tolerant to cucumber mosaic virus and watermelon mosaic virus. The fruits of Pusa Urmi are oblong-ellipsoid with greenish-white rind and white flesh. The average fruit weight is 10 kg and the average number of fruits per plant is 4.6 with an average yield of 47.5 tonnes/ha. The fruits of Pusa Shreyali are elliptical-oval with green rind and the average fruit weight is 9 kg and 4.10 fruits per plant with an average yield of 41.6 tonnes/ha.
587:
B
Solution: The Netherlands is the country that ranked 1 st in the export of floricultural products in the world. It is the major flower exporter on the world market. The top ten major flower-producing countries in the world in 2018 are The Netherland (52%), Columbia (15%), Ecuador (9%), Kenya (7%), Belgium (3%), Ethiopia (2%), Malaysia, Italy, Germany, Israel (1%) of global market share. Floriculture is a specialized branch of horticulture that deals with the commercial production of cut flowers, loose flowers, cut greens, seeds, bulbs, landscape plants, their marketing and production of value-added products from them.
588:
C
Solution: Potatoes are low in protein, ranging from 1 - 2% when fresh and 8 - 9% by dry weight. The major protein found in protein is Patatin, also known as tuberin. Potatoes ( Solanum tuberosum ) are characterized by a large starch content, which supplies energy and by the presence of many nutritionally beneficial components such as proteins, fibres, vitamins and organic acids.
589:
C
Solution: Azad P-1, Azad P-3 and Chanchal are varieties of pea whereas Madhu is the variety of musk melon. Peas are a good source of vitamin C, vitamin E and protein. It requires a cool season that cannot survive in a hot climate in India. Azad P-3 is one of the best varieties of peas. Azad P-1 is highly susceptible to powdery mildew, it shows desirable pod characteristics like medium, long and lush-green.
590:
A
Solution: In 1883 late blight of potato was advertently introduced in India from Europe. Irish famine also known as the Great Irish famine, occurred in Ireland in 1845 - 49 when the potato crop failed in successive years. The crop failures were caused by late blight, a disease that destroys both the leaves and the edible roots, or tubers, of the potato plant. The causative agent of late blight is the water mold Phytophthora infestans .
591:
A
Solution: September is the variety of Cabbage. It is a mid-season variety mostly grown in Nilgiris, head is compact, flat-oblong with bluish-green foliage, weighing 4 - 6 kg. Harvested within 105 - 110 days after transplanting. It is susceptible to black rot disease. The average yield is 40 - 50 t/ha. This variety can be kept in the field after they are ready for harvest and do not show cracking.
592:
B
Solution: All India Coordinated Vegetable Improvement Project (AICVIP) was started in 1970 - 71 and under this, India is divided into 8 operational zones. The headquarter of the project was at the Division of vegetable Science, ICAR, New Delhi. It aims to provide a national network for multi-location testing of vegetable technologies developed by various research institutes and state agricultural universities.
593:
A
Solution: The first variety of Hybrid Teas (H. T.) class of rose is La France developed in France in the year 1867. It was originally developed by crossing between hybrid perpetuals and Tea roses. It is the most popular rose bearing large highly centered flowers. Hybrid teas are the largest and most popular group of roses, due to their elegant form and a large variety of colours. Their flowers are usually borne singly at the end of the long stems which makes them very popular as cut flowers.
594:
B
Solution: The most serious disease of the vegetable seedling is Damping off . It is a soil-borne fungal disease caused by Rhizoctonia, Fusarium or phytophthora, etc. It negatively affects the vegetables and flowers in your garden, primarily targeting seeds and new seedlings. Damping-off refers to the rotting of stem and root tissues at and below the soil line. In most cases, infected plants will germinate and come up fine, but within a few days, they become water-soaked, mushy, collapse at the base and die.
595:
C
Solution: Granulation can be reduced by the spraying of Lead arsenate in dilution of 200 - 500 ppm. Granulation is drying up, becoming hard with greyish colour and enlargement of the juice vesicles with an increase in pectin, lignin, etc. resulting in a reduction of the juice content. It is a common physiological disorder of postharvest citrus fruit. It results in the rapid deterioration of sugars and organic acids of fruit, disordered juice sacs become hard and even lose their edible value. Thus, granulation was emerging as a heavy threat to the citrus industry development.
596:
B
Solution: Tip-top variety is related to Tomato . Tip Top is shaped like a spinning top. They are medium-sized plum-shaped tomatoes and are pretty much determined with limited production after the main flush of fruit. It takes 70 - 80 days to mature. The fruits are tasty and not dry. The walls are pulpy and great for salads, salsas and canning.
597:
A
Solution: Citrus exanthema is caused by a deficiency of Copper. The disease is usually attributed to malnutrition and is not infectious. The dropping, blemishing, and cracking of fruit form one of the most common symptoms of exanthema disease in fruit. Brown glossy areas occur particularly on side of the fruit. The surface shows small dots of gum. Cracking is common. The fruit is undersized and often a pale yellow. It can be treated with a copper treatment.
598:
C
Solution: Asafoetida is harvested by Tapping . The hing is in the form of dried latex gum, which is discharged from the herb called Rhizome or ferula of several tap roots, the herb named perennial herb grows at a height of 1 to 1.5 in length. The gum resin is obtained from incisions in the roots and rhizomes of the plants. The roots of the plants are exposed to the surface by cutting the plants very close to the roots which then secrets a milky juice from the cut area. The substance hardens when exposed to air and is extracted by the tapping method.
599:
C
Solution: Meristem is the portion of the plant that is considered to be free from viruses. The apical and axillary meristems of plants are the best parts to make virus-free plants because of their high rate of multiplication and division which means the growth of meristems are much faster than the viral multiplication and virus are unable to invade the newly formed cells.
600:
C
Solution: An example of a Biennial vegetable is Carrot . Biennials are such plants that require two years to complete their life cycle. First-year growth results in a small rosette of leaves near the soil surface. During the second year of growth stem elongation, flowering, and seed formation occur followed by the entire plant's death. In carrots, swollen roots are produced in the year of sowing and are harvested, stored and consumed. To produce seeds, the roots must be left and after vernalizing, the plants that flower in the following year. The plant produces a tall stem with many branches bearing seeds.
601:
B
Solution: Browning in cauliflower is corrected by boric acid . Browning is a common problem in cauliflower. In this the stem becomes hollow and the curd becomes brown. Affected curds develop a bitter taste. Browning occurs because of the deficiency of boron. This condition may be controlled by the application of borax or sodium borate (boric acid) @ 20 kg per hectare. In case of acute deficiency, spray of 0.25 to 0.50% solution of borax @ 1 - 2 kg/ac will give satisfactory results.
602:
C
Solution: The sweetest sugar in fruit is fructose . Fructose is also known as “fruit sugar” because it primarily occurs naturally in many fruits. It also occurs naturally in other plant foods such as honey, sugar beets, sugar cane and vegetables. Fructose is the sweetest naturally occurring carbohydrate and is 1.2 - 1.8 times sweeter than sucrose (table sugar).
603:
A
Solution: The art of training plants into different shapes of birds, domes, animals, umbrellas etc. is known as Topiary . It is the horticultural practice of training perennial plants by clipping the foliage and twigs of trees, shrubs and subshrubs to develop and maintain clearly defined shapes, whether geometric or fanciful. The plants used in the topiary are evergreen, mostly woody, have small leaves or needles, produce dense foliage, and have compact and/or columnar growth habits. The plant should be amenable to repeated pruning and also flexible with more vegetative growth.
604:
A
Solution: The medicinal plant known as "Second shilajeet" is safed museli . Safed museli is a rare herb from India. It is used in traditional systems of medicine including Ayurveda, Unani, and homeopathy. People use safed museli for athletic performance, obesity, erectile dysfunction (ED), and other conditions.
605:
C
Solution: Pungency in onion is due to Allyl propyl disulphide . Pungency is largely due to the level of sulphur - based non-protein amino acids they contain. Pungency is basically due to the presence of a volatile oil - allyl-propyl-disulphide. It is formed by an enzymatic reaction when tissues are broken. Although measurement of these elements can be difficult, it is well known that good nutrition is essential to managing the taste and pungency of onion bulbs.
606:
D
Solution: Seed coat-related dormancy is observed in Ber, Walnuts as well as Guava . Seeds with seed coat dormancy can remain on/in the ground without germinating until the seed coat allows water and oxygen to enter the seed or eliminate the inhibiting chemicals. Exogenous dormancy is when the seed coat is too durable for moisture to infiltrate, effectively preventing germination. Endogenous dormancy occurs due to chemical changes within the seed's embryo.
607:
D
Solution: Botanical Name of Long melon is Cucumis melo var utillissimus . It is a species of Cucumis that has been developed into many cultivated varieties. The fruit is a pepo. The flesh is either sweet or bland, with or without a musky aroma, and the rind can be smooth, ribbed, wrinkled, or netted. The melon is an annual, trailing herb. It grows well in subtropical or warm, temperate climates. Melons prefer warm, well-fertilized soil with good drainage that is rich in nutrients but are vulnerable to downy mildew and anthracnose.
608:
A
Solution: For biological control of tomato fruit borer, the ideal trap crop is Marigold . In tomato marigold or cucumber is commonly used as a trap crop for every 15 rows of the main crop to attract tomato fruit borer. Marigold is a potential trap crop in potato and rice against nematodes and snails, respectively. Fruit borer is a serious pest of tomato as it reduces yield by up to 40%. The young are greenish to brown, with dark lines about the size of half of the finger. Adult females are yellow moths with dark brown spots on their wings. Larvae feed on the leaves and later make holes in the fruit which can be up to the size of a pea.
609:
B
Solution: Iron deficiency in the plant is characterized by the Yellowing of new leaves . The distinctive symptom of iron deficiency is the chlorosis of the youngest leaves. As chlorosis is a result of photobleaching, leaves in bright sunlight will be more affected than those in shade. Initially, yellow interveinal chlorosis develops, which is characterized by a sharply contrasting green network of veins. Iron is needed to produce chlorophyll, hence its deficiency causes chlorosis.
610:
A
Solution: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) is located in Sri Lanka . The International Water Management Institute (IWMI) is a non-profit, scientific research organization focusing on the sustainable use of water and land resources in developing countries. It is headquartered in Colombo, Sri Lanka, with regional offices across Asia and Africa. It focuses on improving how water and land resources are managed, to underpin food security and reduce poverty while safeguarding the environment.
611:
B
Solution: Non-cracking seedless variety of litchi is Swarna Roopa . Swarna roopa is the outcome of the selection made at CHES, Ranchi from different collections of litchi cultivars. This is the first variety developed in India. It has attractive deep-pink fruit colour, small seed and high TSS/acid ratio. Fruits are highly resistant to cracking. Fruits mature a week later than the late cultivar in China.
612:
C
Solution: The diamond back moth is a serious pest of cauliflower . Diamond back moth attacks only plants of the Cruciferae family. It can cause a yield loss of 80 to 90 percent. The caterpillar's name comes from the diamond-shaped markings on the adult moth. They have distinctive white spots on their wings, due to which they look like diamonds. The caterpillar eats the lower surface of the leaves and damages them.
613:
C
Solution: Lasoda (Cordia mixa) is a minor fruit of India that belongs to the family Boraginaceae. Cordia myxa , the Assyrian plum , is a mid-sized, deciduous tree in the borage family (Boraginaceae), native to Asia. It produces small, edible fruit and is found in warmer areas across Africa and Asia. It is a kind of a drupe (stone fruit), light pale to brown or even pink. The appearance tends to darken when ripening sets in.
614:
C
Solution: The plantation crop originally introduced for soil conservation is the cashew nut . Plantations are a type of commercial farming where a single crop of tea, coffee, sugarcane, cashew, rubber, banana, or cotton is grown. The produce may be processed on the farm itself or in nearby factories. In the Cashew cultivation process, the cashew is generally planted on the wastelands and hence the availability of soil moisture is always low, hence, mulching is essential. Mulching with black polythene is beneficial to increase the growth and yield of cashew.
615:
A
Solution: A very shallow-rooted (15 - 30 centimeter) crop is onion . Shallow-rooted crops have main root systems in the top 1 to 2 feet of soil. Examples are cabbage, cauliflower, lettuce, celery, sweet corn, onion, white potato and radish. Onion plants have fibrous roots. Fibrous roots arise from the base of the stem leaves rather than from the radicle. They are bushy roots formed by several thin, hairy and moderately branched roots. Onion root tips containing meristematic cells are used for microscopic study of mitosis cell division stages.
616:
D
Solution: Salt-resistant tomato species is Solanum cheesmaniae. A salt-tolerant plant that grows in soil or waters of high salinity, coming into contact with saline water through its roots or by salt sprays, such as in saline semi-deserts, mangrove swamps, marshes and sloughs and seashores. Tomato is moderately tolerant to salinity by regulating water and ionic homeostasis according to Martinez-Rodriguez et al. High salinity adversely affects seed germination and inhibit growth and fruit development in tomato. Solanum cheesmaniae, is one of two main species of wild tomatoes found on the Galápagos Islands. It is a robust, perennial, herbaceous plant that at first grows erect, later lying. It is often found in rocky coastal sites and has habits of growing on the shore or inland.
617:
A
Solution: A disease having regular occurrence in a particular area is termed Endemic. The word Endemic is used to describe a disease that is present at an approximately constant level within a society or country. For an infection that relies on person-to-person transmission, to be endemic, each person who becomes infected with the disease must pass it on to one other person on average.
618:
D
Solution: Self-incompatibility in cole crops is overcome by Bud Pollination, CO2 Treatment and NaCl spray . Self-incompatibility is a widespread mechanism in flowering plants that prevents inbreeding and promotes outcrossing. Bud Pollination is the most successful method in both the gametophytic and sporophytic systems. The most advantageous stage for the buds to overcome self-incompatibility is two to seven days before anthesis. To maintain inbred lines of the crop plant, a method in that high CO 2 gas is treated to the pistils to overcome the self-incompatibility. It had been shown that self-incompatibility could be overcome by NaCl in the self-incompatible Chinese cabbage.
619:
B
Solution: The blue colour of flowers of Hydron macrophylla as opposed to the regular pink colour is associated with the presence of Aluminium (Al) element in soil. Hydrangea macrophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae, native to Japan. It is a deciduous shrub growing to 2 m tall by 2.5 m broad with large heads of pink or blue flowers in summer and autumn. Colour variation in hydrangeas is due to the presence or absence of aluminum compounds in the flowers. If aluminum is present, the colour is blue. In general, more acidity makes hydrangeas turn blue, less acidity promotes pink. This is caused by a colour change of the flower pigments in the presence of aluminium ions which can be taken up into hyperaccumulating plants.
620:
C
Solution: Sandy-loam is the soil type that is best for vegetable cultivation. Sandy loam soil is ideal for gardening, growing crops and producing great-looking lawns, especially in areas that are high in clay content. It is considered to be ideal because of its ability to release nutrients freely to plants, retain water to feed plants and allow excess water to flow away quickly and easily.
621:
B
Solution: The patented chocolate coloured variety of Rose is Mohini . Mohini is a variety of roses, having unusual chocolate colour. This is a cluster-flowered hypertriploid (2n = 22 or 21 + 1) or trisomic which has characteristics of Wichuraina like glossy green leaves has been obtained by crossing Sea Pearl (4x) and Schola (2x) while its sister seedling 'Prema' is triploid. The additive gene action of the additional chromosome is responsible for the chocolate brown colour.
622:
B
Solution: Ripening mutants rin, nor, CNr is found in Tomato . Tomato fruit ripening is regulated by transcription factors (TFs), their downstream effector genes, and the ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathway. Spontaneous non-ripening mutants ripening inhibitor (rin), non-ripening (nor) , and Colorless non-ripening (Cnr) correspond with mutations in or near the TF-encoding genes MADS-RIN, NAC-NOR and SPL-CNR , respectively.
623:
C
Solution: Protein is found in abundance in Pea and beans. Peas (Pisum sativum) and faba beans (Vicia faba) are good sources of plant proteins for being used in human consumption. Pea protein is a relatively new type of plant protein and has been used as a functional ingredient in the global food industry. Pea protein includes four major classes (globulin, albumin, prolamin and glutelin), in which globulin and albumin are major storage proteins in pea seeds. Many beans and pulses contain lectins, which are proteins that are potentially toxic to humans.
624:
C
Solution: Vegetables are a rich source of minerals . Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. The original meaning is still commonly used and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all edible plant matter, including flowers, fruits, stems, leaves, roots and seeds. Foods that naturally are nutrient-rich include fruits and vegetables. They supply dietary fiber and are important sources of essential vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. Particularly important are the antioxidant vitamins A, C and E.
625:
A
Solution: Karonda (Carrisa Carandus) belongs to family Apocynaceae . Carissa carandas is a species of flowering shrub in the family Apocynaceae. It produces berry-sized fruits that are commonly used as a condiment in Indian pickles and spices. It is a hardy, drought-tolerant plant that thrives well in a wide range of soils. Carissa carandas are rich in iron, vitamin C, vitamins A, calcium and phosphorus.
626:
A
Solution: The Indian Institute of Vegetable Research is located in Varanasi . The ICAR- Indian Institute of Vegetable Research was established in the year 1999 in Varanasi which is the leading institute on vegetable research in India. The institute carries out research activities through 3 divisions viz. Vegetable Improvement, Vegetable Production and Vegetable Protection.
627:
B
Solution: Sardar (L-49) is not a variety of bananas, whereas lal velchi, Poovan and Mauritius are a variety of bananas. Sardar (L-49) is variety of Guava. It is available throughout the year except during the summer season. Being very hardy, it gives an assured crop even with very little care. Its cost of production is also low because its requirements for fertilizer, irrigation and plant protection are not much.
628:
D
Solution: Kt-1 is a variety of capsicum, while Kt-4 is a variety of brinjal resistant to bacterial wilt. Kt-1 is a variety of capsicum and is evolved at IARI sub station Katrain. It is high yielding f1 hybrid resistant to anthracnose and fruit rot disease. Kt-4 is a variety of brinjal developed at Regional Station, Katrain of IARI. Fruits are cylindrical, borne in clusters of 3 - 5. The average yield is 37 tones/ha. It is resistant to bacterial wilt.
629:
C
Solution: An important vegetable crop belonging to the botanical family Asteraceae is Artichoke . Artichoke, (Cynara cardunculus, variety Scolymus), also called globe artichoke or French artichoke, large thistlelike perennial plant of the aster family (Asteraceae) grown for its edible flower buds. The edible portion of the plant consists of the flower buds before the flowers come into bloom. Cooked unsalted artichoke is 82% water, 12% carbohydrates, 3% protein and 3% fat.
630:
B
Solution: The fruit known as Adam's Fig is a Banana. Banana is one of the oldest and commonest of the Indian fruits that have been cultivated. Eve was said to have used banana leaves to cover her modesty in the garden of paradise. Thus, it is also called the apple of paradise. It is also known as “Adam's fig or tree of wisdom. It is used as staple fruit in most African countries and is used as ripe (table) or raw fruit (cooking). This fruit is available throughout the year.
631:
D
Solution: The rubber tapping method having 100% intensity is S 2 d 2 . Rubber tapping is the process by which latex is collected from a rubber tree. The latex is harvested by slicing a groove into the bark of the tree at a depth of one-quarter inch (6.4 mm) with a hooked knife and peeling back the bark. Rubber tapping is not damaging to the forest, as it does not require the tree to be cut down for the latex to be extracted.
632:
A
Solution: The botanical name of cabbage is Brassica oleracea var. capitata . Cabbage, (Brassica oleracea), is a vegetable and fodder plant of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), the various agricultural forms of which have been developed by long cultivation from the wild cabbage. It is a leafy green, red, or white biennial plant grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense leaved heads. Raw cabbage is a rich source of vitamin K, vitamin C and dietary fiber. World production of cabbage and other brassicas in 2020 was 71 million tonnes, led by China with 48% of the total.
633:
C
Solution: The sweetening of potato tubers caused due to Long term tuber storage at 0° - 50°C. Sweetening is the accumulation of reducing sugars in potato tubers at low storage temperatures. Thus, it is also known as Cold-induced Sweetening (CIS). The relationship between genetic resistance to CIS and two starch parameters, amylose content and starch granule size. It is undesirable because it results in dark fry products.
634:
A
Solution: Salvia is the plant among the given options that are not a summer annual. Salvia species include annual, biennial, or perennial herbaceous plants, along with woody subshrubs. Kochia is a summer crop. Coreopsis can grow in a garden as a border plant. The sunny, summer-blooming, daisy-like flowers are popularly planted in gardens to attract butterflies. Both annual and perennial types are grown in the home garden. Cosmos are annual flowers with colorful, daisy-like flowers that sit atop long, slender stems. Blooming throughout the summer months.
635:
B
Solution: Gametophytic is the Type of Self-incompatibility observed in tomatoes. Self-incompatibility (SI) is the ability of simultaneous hermaphrodites to avoid self-fertilization, mediated by a genetic mechanism for self-pollen recognition and rejection. Gametophytic self-incompatibility, involves the inability of the gametes from the same parent plant to fuse and form a zygote or, if the zygote forms, then it fails to develop. These systems force outcrossing and maintain a wide genetic diversity.
636:
A
Solution: The medicinal plant used for extraction of steroids for oral contraceptive preparation is Medicinal Yam . Medicinal yams are robust, perennial, branched, climbers native to tropical Asia, Africa and South America. The underground rhizomes or tubers contain alkaloids like diosgenin, and pannogenin and are used for the synthesis of antiarthritic, anti-inflammatory, antifertility and anabolic drugs.
637:
A
Solution: The scientific name of the Oyster mushroom is Pleurotus ostreatus . It is a common edible mushroom. Pleurotus spp. is generally referred to as the oyster mushroom because the pileus or cap is shell-like and spatulate and the stipe is eccentric or lateral. The oyster mushroom is widespread in many temperate and subtropical forests throughout the world. Pleurotus ostreatus Kummer is one of the best-known species among the oyster mushrooms.
638:
B
Solution: The correct answer is Option B: Pithiness . Here's why: * Pithiness means the radish root becomes spongy, less juicy, and develops an undesirable texture. This happens because the plant is putting energy into reproduction (going to seed) instead of keeping the root tender. * Delayed harvesting allows the radish to mature beyond its prime eating stage, leading to this pithiness. Let's look at the other options: * Forking: Forking (splitting into multiple roots) is usually caused by obstacles in the soil or uneven moisture during root development, not delayed harvesting. * Deformed root: Deformed roots can be caused by poor soil conditions, pests, or diseases, but are less directly related to *when* you harvest. * High pungency: While pungency (spiciness) can increase slightly with age, delayed harvesting primarily affects the texture (pithiness) rather than dramatically increasing the pungency. Pungency is more influenced by variety and growing conditions. Therefore, the most direct consequence of delaying radish harvesting is pithiness.
639:
A
Solution: "Kiwi Fruit" is the fruit that is known as the "Miracle fruit of China". The Kiwi fruit is native to China and its centre of origin is in the mountain ranges of South Western China where it occurs naturally as a deciduous fruiting vine. Kiwi fruit or Chinese gooseberry ( Actinidia deliciosa ) is known as "China’s miracle fruit and the Horticultural wonder of New Zealand". The fruit has a refreshing and delicate flavour, a pleasing aroma, and high nutritive and medicinal value, rich in vitamin C and contains more potassium, phosphorus, iron, and is low in calories.
640:
D
Solution: Benzyl adenine is not an anti-gibberellin or growth retardant. It is a first-generation synthetic cytokinin that elicits plant growth and development responses, setting blossoms and stimulating fruit richness by stimulating cell division. It is an inhibitor of respiratory kinase in plants. Gibberellin is a plant hormone found in seeds, young leaves and roots that cause excessive growth.
641:
D
Solution: Strawberry is the fruit that starts bearing fruit within one year of planting. It does not take years to bear fruits which means it starts fruiting the year it is planted or grown from seeds. Fruit is typically ready for harvesting 4 - 6 weeks after blossoming. Strawberry fruit is considered an ‘accessory fruit’ and is not a true berry.
642:
A
Solution: Fruits are blanched before canning at 80°C. Blanching foods helps reduce quality loss over time. Blanching is scalding vegetables and fruits in boiling water or steam for a short time. It is typically followed by quick, thorough cooling in very cold or ice water. Blanching stops enzyme actions which otherwise cause loss of flavour, colour and texture.
643:
A
Solution: In 1900, the potato moth came into India (Bombay) from Italy. By the mid 1900s, potato moths became widely distributed in all potato regions in India. A potato moth is scientifically known as Phthorimaea opercula. It is an oligophagous insect that feeds on the plant family Solanaceae. Potato tuber moth larvae are known for feeding on the tubers, roots and foliage of potato plants.
644:
C
Solution: Treatment to get rid of fruit flies in mango is VHT. VHT is the vapour heat treatment system for steadily killing eggs and larvae of fruit flies parasite inside the fruit with vapour and heat without injuring fresh fruits. This machine is capable of sterilization of a large volume of fresh fruit per use.
645:
A
Solution: In India, the black soil is mostly found in Maharashtra state. Black soil is the black coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus (4% - 16%) and high percentages of phosphoric acids, phosphorus and ammonia. These are very fertile soil and can produce high agricultural yields with their high moisture storage capacity.
646:
C
Solution: Jasmine sambac is Arabian jasmine . It is a climbing, evergreen, shrub in the Oleaceae family, native to tropical parts of Asia. It is probably native to India or Southeast Asia where it is a broadleaf evergreen shrub. It is known for its continuous production of fragrant flowers during the warmer months of the year, jasmine plants are popular picks for the home and garden.
647:
A
Solution: The Irish famine was caused by Phytophthora . Irish famine is also known as the Great Irish famine, which occurred in Ireland in 1845 - 49 when the potato crop failed in successive years. The crop failures were caused by late blight, a disease that destroys both the leaves and the edible roots, or tubers, of the potato plant. The causative agent of late blight is the water mold Phytophthora infestans .
648:
D
Solution: Auxin is the plant hormone that promotes the mechanism of apical dominance in plants. It promotes apical dominance by suppressing the activity of lateral buds. Auxins are a group of naturally occurring and artificially synthesized plant hormones and play an important role in the regulation of plant growth. Auxin means ‘to enlarge’ and enhances cell division, elongation and differentiation, embryonic development, apical dominance and transition to flowering.
649:
C
Solution: The pungent flavor in Radish is due to the presence of Isothiocyanates . Isothiocyanates are the chemical group formed by substituting the oxygen in the isocyanate group with a Sulphur. It is the chemical group formed by substituting the oxygen in the isocyanate group with a Sulphur. Naturally, it is produced by enzymatic action and conversion of metabolites called glucosinolates. It is produced in cruciferous vegetables, like bok choy, broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, radish, kale, etc.
650:
B
Solution: The International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) is located in Bonn, Germany . It is the worldwide umbrella organization for the organic agriculture movement, which represents close to 800 affiliates in 117 countries. It declares its mission is to, "Lead, unite and assist the organic movement in its full diversity." and its vision is the "worldwide adoption of ecologically, socially and economically sound systems, based on the Principles of Organic Agriculture."
651:
B
Solution: Arka Surabhi is a variety of Jasminum grandiflorum . This variety belongs to the species Jasminum grandiflorum (Chameli). It is released by IIHR, Bangalore. At IIHR, it is released as a clonal selection from locally grown Jasmine. It yields 10 tons of flowers/ha and 0.35% concrete. Other varieties in this species include CO.1 and CO.2 pitch released from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.
652:
A
Solution: Citronella is used for Flavouring cosmetics and soaps . Citronella oil is an essential oil obtained from the leaves and stems of different species of Cymbopogon (lemongrass). These chemicals find extensive use in soap, candles and incense, perfumery, cosmetic and flavouring industries throughout the world. Citronella oil is also a plant-based insect repellent and has been registered for this use in the United States since 1948. Citronella oil has strong antifungal properties.
653:
A
Solution: Brinjal seedlings are transplanted at a spacing of 60 × 30.45 cm . Brinjal is a hardy crop and is cultivated under a wide range of soils. Since a long-duration crop with high yield, well-drained and fertile soil is preferred for the crop. Brinjal seeds are sown on nursery beds to raise seedlings for transplanting in the field. Raised beds are necessary to avoid the problem of water logging in heavy soils. Spacing depends upon the type of variety grown and the season of planting. Seedlings are transplanted in furrows in light soils and on side of the ridges in case of heavy soils. Pre-soaking irrigation is given 3 - 4 days before transplanting. Transplanting should preferably be done in the evening.
654:
C
Solution: The vegetable of the 20 th century was the Winged bean. It is a tropical herbaceous legume plant. The Winged bean is nutrient-rich and all parts of the plant are edible. The leaves can be eaten like spinach, flowers can be used in salads, tubers can be eaten raw or cooked and seeds can be used in similar ways as the soybean. Each of these parts contains vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium and iron, among other nutrients. The beans are rich not only in protein but in tocopherols (antioxidants that facilitate vitamin-A utilization in the body).
655:
A
Solution: Powdery mildew in cucurbits is controlled by spraying Ridomil MZ . Powdery mildew of cucurbits is caused by two common fungal pathogens, Podosphaera xanthii and Erysiphe cichoracearum. An effective strategy for powdery mildew management should include resistant varieties, proper cultural practices, and applications of traditional fungicides, biorational products, or biological agents. Ridomil MZ is a dry flowable containing 0.04 lb of mefenoxam used for certain diseases of cucumbers, melons, summer squash and grapes.
656:
A
Solution: Sel-32 variety of tomato was developed at HAU, Hisar .
657:
A
Solution: Often cross-pollinated crops have > 5% of cross-pollination. Cross-pollination often exceeds 5 percent and may reach 30 percent. Such species are generally known as often cross-pollinated species. Cross-pollination, also called allogamy occurs when pollen is delivered to a flower from a different plant. E.g: Jowar, Cotton, Broad bean, Jute, Rai, Carrot, Onion, Turnip, etc.
658:
A
Solution: 'Cricket ball' is an improved variety of Sapota . This variety also known as 'Calcutta Large' bears large round fruits. The pulp is gritty and granular and moderately sweet. It is grown in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharastra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal.
659:
C
Solution: Dashehari-51 is one of the varieties of mangoes that is developed by clonal selection and bears fruit regularly. Dashehari-51 is the regular bearing and yielding clone of Dashehari. It is one of the best varieties in the country with fruit size is small-medium, the shape is elongated with yellow fruit colour, and the flesh is fibreless. It has a good keeping quality, mainly used for table purpose. It is susceptible to mango malformation.
660:
B
Solution: Seed Constitutes more than 50% of the cost of production in the crop Potato . India is the second largest producer of potatoes in the world. Seed is the single most important input in potato cultivation. Potato seed alone accounts for 40 - 50% of the total potato production cost, and huge quantities of potentially edible food are put back into the soil as potato seed.
661:
C
Solution: Long day plant among the following is cluster bean . The plants which require more exposure to light are called long-day plants (LDP). The cluster bean is a tropical plant. It requires a warm growing season. The crop requires 30 to 35°C temperatures at the sowing time for proper germination and 32 to 38°C temperature encourages good vegetative growth, but the high temperature at the flowering stage can result in premature flower drop. It can tolerate temperatures as high as 45 - 46°C. It is a photosensitive and indeterminate crop.
662:
B
Solution: Anti-diabetic principle cheratin is present in bitter gourd . Bitter gourd is traditionally known for its medicinal properties such as antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammation, antivirus and cholesterol-lowering effects. It contains many phenolic compounds that may have the potential as antioxidants and antimutagen. It has several chemicals that seem to act like insulin and help to lower blood sugar levels.
663:
D
Solution: Pusa sawani, Pusa Makhamali and Punjab Padmani are the varieties of Okra . Pusa Sawani: It is a cross between IC-1542 and Pusa Makhmali and was released from IARI, New Delhi. It has dark green, smooth fruits with five ridges. The fruits are about 10 to 12 cm long at the marketable stage suitable throughout the year. Pusa Mahakali: It is developed by IARI, New Delhi. Its fruits are of light green color. Punjab Padmini: It is developed by Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Fruits are quick growing, hairy and of dark green colour. Ready to harvest within 55 - 60 days after sowing. It is tolerant of the yellow vein mosaic virus. Gives an average yield of 40 - 48 qtl/acre.
664:
C
Solution: The pigment in purple-coloured carrots is Anthocyanin . Purple carrots grow mostly in southern Europe and Asia. Purple carrots contain anthocyanins, a pigment that acts as powerful antioxidants, grabbing and holding on to harmful free radicals in the body. Anthocyanins also help prevent heart disease by slowing blood clotting.
665:
C
Solution: A habit of black pepper vine is Perennial. Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) (Family: Piperaceae) is a perennial vine grown for its berries and extensively used as a spice and in medicine. India is one of the major producers, consumers, and exporters of black pepper in the world. It is an understory plant that climbs up trees and grows in dappled light. When grown as a houseplant, it needs moderate light in an east or west window and it should be placed directly on the windowsill or close to your light source if grown in a light
666:
D
Solution: Application of Chlormequat chemical in the form of foliar spray at the beginning of flower bud development may improve drought resistance in pea. Chlormequat is an organic compound used as a plant growth regulator. Chlormequat has been called the most important inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis. It inhibits cell elongation, resulting in thicker stalks, which are sturdier, facilitating the harvesting of cereal crops. In exogenous application, it also improves drought resistance in some plants.
667:
B
Solution: The Tomato variety suitable to be grown under high temperatures is Pusa hybrid-1 . This hybrid of tomato is developed by IARI, New Delhi and is suitable for western India with hot summers (Fruit set up to 28°C) and Night temperatures 20°C normal. Fruits are round and flattish, thick pericarp, uniform ripening and smooth 2 - 3 locules. About 100 to 150 g of seeds are sufficient for raising seedlings for a hectare. It takes 120 to 130 days from transplanting to fruit ripening. It is highly tolerant to root-knot disease.
668:
D
Solution: Curry leaf variety with red petiole variety is Senkaambu . The curry tree, Murraya koenigii is a tropical to sub-tropical tree in the family Rutaceae and is native to Asia. The plant is also sometimes called sweet neem, though M. koenigii is in a different family to neem. It is a Coimbatore local type and the leaves have better aroma and flavour due to higher oil content. There are other two types of curry leaf viz., broad-leaved and small-leaved types. The small-leaved types are more fragrant and hence used for the extraction of essential oil.
669:
D
Solution: An important factor affecting the condition to cut flowers during the transportation is Geotropism . Geotropism is a growth response to gravity. Certain responses of cut flowers to environmental stimuli (tropisms) can result in quality loss. Most important is geotropism (bending away from gravity) and phototropism (bending toward the light). Geotropism often reduces quality in spike-flower crops like gladiolus, snapdragon, stock, roses and gerbera, because the flower stems (pedicels) or the main stem bends upward when stored horizontally. Geotropism is greatly reduced when flowers are maintained at low temperatures where this is not possible, such flowers should be handled upright.
670:
A
Solution: Botanically, the fruit of litchi is a Nut . Botanically litchi belongs to Sapindaceae family. The fruit is a one-seeded nut, develops in bunches, and varies in shape and size. The edible portion of litchi called aril lies under the papillate, pinkish-red pericarp and surrounds the dark-brown, oily-skinned seed. The Litchi plant requires a warm, humid climate for vegetative growth.
671:
A
Solution: Z scheme of electron transport was 1 st proposed by Hill and Bendall . It includes both the PS I and PS II photosystems. The Z scheme is an energy diagram for electron transfer in the "light reactions" of plant photosynthesis. A mechanism to convert light energy into electrical energy, which is then converted into chemical energy in the form of reduced NADPH and ATP. It applies equally well to photosynthesis by algae and cyanobacteria. The vertical energy scale shows each molecule's ability to transfer an electron to (i.e., to reduce) the next one from left to right.
672:
B
Solution: In India, the red soil is mostly found in Tamil Nadu state. Red soil is a type of soil that typically develops in warm, temperate and humid climates and comprises approximately 13% of Earth's soils. It contains thin organic and organic-mineral layers of highly leached soil resting on a red layer of alluvium. It is usually low in nutrients and humus and can be difficult to cultivate due to its low water holding capacity, however, the fertility of these soils can be optimized with liming and other farming techniques.
673:
B
Solution: International Potato Center was established in 1967 in Peru . The International Potato Centre is a research facility based in Lima, Peru that seeks to reduce poverty and achieve food security on a sustained basis in developing countries through scientific research and related activities on potato, sweet potato, other root and tuber crops and on the improved management of natural resources in the Andes and other mountain areas.
674:
D
Solution: Karol is the common name for Spine gourd . It is a species of flowering plant in the Cucurbitaceae/gourd family. It is propagated by underground tubers. It has small leaves and small yellow flowers and it has small, dark green, round or oval fruits. It is dioecious, which means that it has distinct male and female individual organisms. Momordica dioica as the average nutritional value per 100 g of edible fruit was found to contain 84.1 g moisture, 7.7 g carbohydrate, 3.1 g protein, 3.1 g fat, 3.0 g fibre, and 1.1 g minerals. It also contained small quantities of carotene and vitamins like ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin and niacin.
675:
A
Solution: French basil belongs to the family Lamiaceae . Also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints). It is a tender plant and is used in cuisines worldwide. Basil is an annual, or sometimes perennial, herb used for its leaves. Basil grows a thick, central taproot. Its flowers are small and white and grow from a central inflorescence or spike, that emerges from the central stem atop the plant.
676:
B
Solution: The Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) is an apex body under which the following Ministry of Environment and Forests. As per Rules, 1989, it is responsible for the appraisal of activities involving large-scale use of hazardous microorganisms and recombinants in research and industrial production from the environmental angle. The committee is also responsible for the appraisal of proposals relating to the release of genetically engineered (GE) organisms and products into the environment including experimental field trials.
677:
A
Solution: Sheetal variety related to Cucumber vegetables. It is an F1 hybrid, high-yielding variety of cucumber. It can be harvested 40 - 45 days after harvesting. The length of the fruit is 22 - 23 cm, cylindrical in shape and light green in colour.
678:
B
Solution: The indicator plant for fluoride pollution is Gladiolus . The most widely used fluoride bioindicator is Gladiolus. This plant is showing typical fluoride injury. Varieties differ enormously in sensitivity and cultivation also seems to affect response. The use of Gladiolus plants was an effective biomonitoring technique for assessing the impact of atmospheric fluoride concentrations near a small-scale, poorly managed brick kiln in South Asia.
679:
D
Solution: Chandra Shankara is a cross between COD × WCT . Chandrasankara (COD × WCT) is a hybrid coconut variety. Hybrids are the intervarietal crosses of two morphological forms of coconut. They show earliness in flowering and give increased yield, higher quantity and better quality of copra and oil when compared to the parents.
680:
B
Solution: Fruit follows a double sigmoid curve in Fig . A double-sigmoidal curve will generally need at least six parameters, two midpoints and slopes parameters each, a maximum value and an asymptotic final value after decay. An S-shaped or sigmoid curve is obtained upon plotting the total growth of a plant against a particular time interval. The double sigmoid growth curve of the fig shows the progression in fruit diameter and ethylene evolution during the three phases of fruit growth.
681:
C
Solution: Potato is the crop from the given options that are produced the maximum in the world. The potato is the third most important food crop in the world after rice and wheat in terms of human consumption. The estimated total world production for potatoes in 2020 was 35,90,71,403 metric tonnes, up 1.2% from 35,48,12,093 tonnes in 2019. China was the largest producer, accounting for 21.8% of world production, followed by India at 14.3%.
682:
C
Solution: The separation of fermented wines from the residual solids is termed Racking . The term racking means moving wine from one vessel to another. This can be from tank to barrel, barrel to barrel and barrel to the tank. Racking can be done to serve several different purposes. It is done for filtering or fining, which is the process of moving wine or beer from one container to another using gravity rather than a pump, which can be disruptive to the beverage.
683:
C
Solution: Durian belongs to the botanical family Bombaceae . It is the edible fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus Durio . Durian (Durio zibethinus), locally referred to as the “king of fruits” is a dicotyledonous tropical seasonal plant species belonging to the member of family Bombacaceae and the genus of Durio. Durio is often included in Bombacaceae because of the presence of monothecate anthers, as opposed to the bithecate anthers common to the rest of the mallows.
684:
A
Solution: The predominant sex form in Cucumis melo is Andromonoecious . Cucumis melo is described as andromonoecious, producing two blossom types, namely, perfect (Hermaphrodite) and male (Staminate) flowers. It means having perfect and staminate flowers on the same plant. It is a breeding system in which individual plants produce both staminate (male) and perfect (hermaphrodite) flowers. It exists in both wind-pollinated and animal-pollinated taxa and is found in 1.7% of angiosperms.
685:
D
Solution: 1 st transgenic crop plant was tobacco developed in 1983. The first transgenic plants were produced in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) which expressed antibiotic resistance. L-phosphinothricin, a gene resistant to PPT, Basta (the active ingredient of herbicide) was isolated in Medicago sativa. In a transgenic plant, a segment of its DNA into the plant's nuclear DNA using a plasmid-integration system - one of the earliest discoveries of a natural DNA-transfer mechanism. In May 1983, the Van Montagu and Schell lab deployed this system as a gene-expression vector and the first transgenic plants.
686:
C
Solution: Overripe bananas emit a compound called isopentanol , also known as isoamyl alcohol, which contributes to their characteristic strong and sometimes unpleasant odor when they become very ripe. Isopentanol is a volatile organic compound that is released due to the breakdown of amino acids and fermentation processes occurring in the fruit as it overripens. This compound is also found in small quantities in alcoholic beverages and is associated with a fruity, pungent smell. Option A: Allyl dipropyl This is incorrect. Allyl dipropyl disulfide is associated with the smell of garlic, not bananas. Option B: Sugar This is incorrect. Although sugars increase as bananas ripen, they are not responsible for the aronia (odor) released during overripening. Option D: Acid This is incorrect. While acids are involved in fruit metabolism, they do not produce the characteristic aronia smell of overripe bananas. Therefore, the correct answer is Option C: Isopentanol , as it is the primary compound responsible for the strong smell associated with overripe bananas.
687:
A
Solution: Vegetables are canned in brine . In the canning process, vegetables are often cut into pieces, packed in cans and put through severe heat treatment to ensure the destruction of bacteria spores. The containers are sealed while hot to create a vacuum inside when they are cooled to room temperature. Canned vegetables are soaked in brine made predominantly of water and salt.
688:
C
Solution: Grape, jack fruit, and Pomegranate are fruit plants that bear fruits twice a year. In North India, grape orchards bear two crops in a year resulting in exceptionally high yield, however, the fruit quality is not so good. Jackfruit bears fruit during summer as well as during November-December. A mature jack tree produces some 200 fruits per year, with older trees bearing up to 500 fruits in a year. The pomegranate produces fruit at the end of new growth. Judicious pruning annually for the first three years will produce bushy plants with abundant new growth each year.
689:
A
Solution: The chilling requirement for cabbage is 4° - 10°C for 6 - 8 weeks . The chilling requirement of a fruit is the minimum period of cold weather after which a fruit-bearing tree will blossom. A chilling unit in agriculture is a metric of a plant's exposure to chilling temperatures. The seed production of cabbage is only possible under temperate conditions of Jammu where chilling requirements range from 4 - 10°C for 8 - 10 weeks after head formation prevails.
690:
B
Solution: Pre-emergence of seed stalks before the time of their formation at the cost of bulb formation and development in onion is known as Bolting . It is a serious disorder of onion. It refers to the emergence of seed stalks before the time of their formation and adversely affects the formation and development of bulbs. Bolting is an undesirable character because it directly affects the bulb yield of onion.
691:
D
Solution: A hedge row planting system is best suited for mechanized fruit cultivation. Hedgerow intercropping, also known as alley cropping, consists of growing one/two rows of perennials trees or shrubs (preferably leguminous) at a close spacing in the form of hedges. These hedges are spaced 4 - 8 m, and crops are grown simultaneously in between the hedgerows. Hedgerows are useful to prevent animals from straying, protect crops from wind and prevent soil erosion, also define the visual boundaries of the farm property. And at the same time, it is best suited for mechanized fruit cultivation.
692:
C
Solution: There is a total of six national Bureau in India, and these are: 1. ICAR- National Bureau of plant genetics Resources, New Delhi. 2. ICAR- National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Micro-organisms, Mau, Uttar Pradesh. 3. ICAR- National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru. 4. ICAR- National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land use planning, Nagpur 5. ICAR- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal. 6. ICAR- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow.
693:
B
Solution: The plant growth hormone which helps in enlarging the grapefruit is Gibberellic acid . In grapes, gibberellins are produced in the developing embryos and cause the berries to enlarge. Gibberellic acid is a synthetic plant growth regulator. It is often used to obtain enlarged table grape berries and induce seedlessness in them. However, the effects of GA 3 on rachis elongation and bunch compactness in wine-grape production.
694:
D
Solution: The best-suited variety for green ginger is Himgiri. Ginger is always propagated vegetatively and the number of clones is limited. The clones differ in their size, the fibre and moisture content of the rhizomes and also in yield. The cultivars are usually named after the areas where they are cultivated. Himgiri variety is the best for green ginger, it is less susceptible to rhizome-rot disease. It is suitable for rain-fed conditions. And is mostly cultivated in Himachal Pradesh.
695:
C
Solution: Vitamin K is called a coagulating vitamin. "Vitamin K," the generic name for a family of compounds with a common chemical structure of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, is a fat-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in some foods and is available as a dietary supplement. The name vitamin K comes from the German word "Koagulations vitamin". Vitamin K is an essential vitamin needed by the body for blood clotting, bone-building, and other important processes. It's found in leafy green vegetables, broccoli and Brussels sprouts.
696:
A
Solution: According to ISI, the tomato has been specialized into 4 grades . Grading in tomatoes is referred to as the categorization of the fruits based on the colour, size, stage of maturity/degree of ripening, etc. it can be done manually or mechanically by machines. Retailers normally do size grading for the local market. However, based on the size of the fruits three grades are formed: small (< 100 g), medium (100 - 255 g) and large (> 255 g). BIS has specified 4 grades that are Super A, Super, Fancy and commercial.
697:
A
Solution: The cold hardy citrus rootstock is Trifoliate orange . The trifoliate orange, also known as trifoliate lemon and Poncirus, is extremely hardy, surviving in areas colder than USDA Zone 6. It can tolerate moderate frost and snow, making a large shrub or small tree 4 - 8 m tall. It is a common rootstock. This small fruit is very seedy and bitter.
698:
B
Solution: Cucubitacin is the glucosides present in bitter gourd. Bitter gourd belongs to cucurbitaceous family. It produces compounds that add to its bitter taste. When extremely bitter, ingestion of bottle gourd can cause rapid onset diarrhea, vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding and hypotension due to release of a substance named cucurbitacin. It acts as an anti-herbivore chemical and an insecticide.
699:
B
Solution: Okra is an herbaceous annual plant in the family Malvaceae which is grown for its edible seed pods. Fruits of Okra is rendered unmarketable due to the attack of painted bug. The adult bug is shield shaped, 3 - 4 mm broad at its widest area. The life cycle lasts 3 - 4 weeks and period of activity of painted bug starts from September.
700:
A
Solution: AICVIP stands for All India coordinated vegetable improvement project, headquartered at IARI, New Delhi. Under the AICVIP, India is divided into 8 Agro climatic zones. 1. Humid western Himalayan region 2. Humid Bengal-Assam Basin 3. Humid eastern Himalayan and Bay Islands 4. Sub-Humid Sutlej Ganga Alluvial Plain 5. Sub-Humid to Humid Eastern and South Eastern Uplands 6. Arid Western Plain 7. Semi-Arid lava Plateau and Central high lands 8. Humid to Semi-Arid Western Ghats and Karnataka Plateau
701:
A
Solution: Removal of remnant male flower bud after completion of female flowering phase in banana is termed as Denavelling . This checks the movement of photosynthates into the unwanted sink and promotes fruit development in banana. It also enhances bunch weight.
702:
B
Solution: Ice box variety of watermelon is Arka Muthu . Icebox watermelons are the same as ordinary watermelons but only smaller and sweeter. They got the name icebox watermelon because they are very compact and easy to fit in the fridge. High yielding variety with unique character of dwarf vine of 1.2 mt, vine length, shorter internodal length and early maturing type (75 - 80 days).
703:
A
Solution: Kufri Kuber is the Black Scurf resistant variety of Potato. Black scurf is caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani, which can exist in the soil in the absence of potatoes. This variety is released by the central potato research station, Shimla in 1943. It is resistant to black scurf and late blight of potato. Kufri Kuber is a selection from ( Solanum curtilobum × S. tuberosum 'Deodara') × S. andi-genum , it matures early and gives good yields of medium-sized, yellow-fleshed tubers. It is best suited for hill and plain regions of India.
704:
A
Solution: KGMR-1, a hybrid of Cabbage crop was released from IARI, New Delhi, India. It is released by AICRP (VC) in year 2005. It is recommended to be grown in Punjab, U.P, Bihar, W.B and Assam. Cabbage is a very healthy type of green leafy vegetable belonging to the Brassica oleracea species.
705:
A
Solution: Pellagra is due to the deficiency of Niacin . Pellagra is a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B 3 ). Symptoms include inflamed skin, diarrhea, dementia and sores in the mouth. The classic symptoms of pellagra are diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia and death. Treatment is with either niacin or nicotinamide supplementation. Improvements typically begin within a couple of days.
706:
C
Solution: Angoorlata is a variety of Tomato . This variety shows significant increase in plant height, when grown in organic ambience. Maximum height attained by Angoorlata was 51.66 cm. Tomato is an inexpensively most important crop worldwide. The yield per hectare varies significantly according to variety and season. On average, the yield varies from 20 - 25 t/ha. Hybrid varieties may yield up to 50 - 60 t/ha.
707:
C
Solution: Mutant variety of Isabgol is Plantaginaceae . Plantaginaceae, the plantain family, is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. Isabgol is a crop of cool and dry season. Unseasonable rain or, even high dew deposition during crop maturity can result in total loss of seed. The regions receiving winter rains are thus not suitable for its cultivation. The crop is traditionally grown in light sandy to sandy loam soils.
708:
D
Solution: Pusa Srijan is a rootstock of Guava released in 2004. It is a potentially dwarf rootstock for guava and has been recommended for the Allahabad Safeda variety for establishing a high-density orchard. A complete set of trisomics was identified in the progeny of triploid guava for the first time in fruit crops. It has helped in the development of trisomics and tetrasomics in guava. It is proven to have filed tolerance to wilt.
709:
C
Solution: Almost Gynoecious variety of coconut is Spicata . Gynoecious varieties are special hybrids that produce predominantly female flowers. Palms that contain morphologically different inflorescences are referred to as spicata coconut. These are branchless inflorescence with an abnormally large number of female flowers, most of them developed into mature fruits due to a low setting percentage,125 female flowers per bunch from which only 4.5 mature fruits were produced on average. Oil productivity of this variety was estimated to be 10 - 15 kg per year.
710:
B
Solution: The harvesting stage of walnut is the PTB stage. PTB here refers to packing tissue between and around the kernel halves just turning brown. And it is a phonological indicator of kernel ripening at harvest in walnuts. Higher mineral content, antioxidant, better fatty acid profile and antibacterial activity is observed in the PTB stage, hence it is considered good for harvesting.
711:
B
Solution: A rapid removal of field heat from harvested produce is called Pre-cooling . It is done to slow down the metabolism and reduce deterioration before transport or storage. Because temperature is one of the most important factors that affect the post-harvest life and quality of fruits and vegetables. It should be removed from commodities as quickly as possible after harvest & maintained at its lowest safe temperature.
712:
D
Solution: Arka Aruna, Arka Puneet and Arka Anmol are varieties of mango whereas Arka Hans is not a variety of mango, it is a hybrid variety of grapes developed by the cross between Bangalore Blue and Anab-e-Shahi. Arka Aruna is a hybrid between Banganapalli and Alphonso. it is dwarf, regular bearing and precocious. Arka Puneet is the progeny from the cross Alphonso and Banganapalli. It is a mid-season variety. Arka Anmol is derived from the parentage Alphonso and Janardhan pasand. It is a semi-vigorous type, regular bearing.
713:
B
Solution: The minimum content of juice in an RTS beverage as per FPO recommendations is 10%. RTS is Ready to Serve drink and this is a type of fruit beverage that contains at least 10% fruit juice (for lime drink 5% juice) and not less than 10% total soluble solids. The acidity in these drinks shall not exceed 3.5% citric acid. The RTS beverage was prepared by using freshly prepared juices, water, and sugar as per FPO specifications. FPO is a farmer produce organization to ensure better income for the producers through an organization of their own.
714:
C
Solution: Ricyness, fuzziness, hollow stem, leafyness and pinking are physiological disorders of cauliflower. Ricyness is the velvety or granular appearance on the surface of the curd mainly due to temperature fluctuations. Hollowness is caused by boron deficiency and a higher supply of nitrogen. It can be controlled by spraying borax. Fuzziness is the phenomenon when the flower pedicels become velvety and curd elongates. The cultivation of the cultivars out of their normal growing season encourages this disorder. Leafiness is the disorder in which the formation of small thin leaves from the curd reduces the quality of curd occurs. This purple-pink colour in cauliflower is caused by the presence of anthocyanin, which is exacerbated by sun exposure and termed a pinking disorder in cauliflower.
715:
B
Solution: The term used for a pruning system wherein low-hanging branches are removed is Skirting . It affects canopy temperature, relative humidity, fruit yield and quality also. It facilitates the operations such as fertilizer application and controlling weeds. It should be done as soon after harvest as possible.
716:
D
Solution: Apple crop flowers during March - April . Apple blossoms typically bloom anywhere from early spring to late summer. Apple trees (Malus domestica) provide fragrant blossoms in the spring, light shade through the summer and tasty fruit in fall. The buds that will become your fruit begin to appear after the apple tree flowers.
717:
A
Solution: Santa rosa is a popular variety of Plum . It is a Japanese variety of medium-sized fruit with sweet and red fleshed pulp and deep red skin. It is named after its birthplace and was bred in 1906 by Luther Burbank in his Santa Rosa plant research centre. It is complemented by a hint of tartness in the skin, which serves to balance out the sugars for a perfect blend of flavor. This Japanese plum variety makes a stunning ornamental tree with its showy, pinkish white blossoms in the spring.
718:
B
Solution: The freezing tolerant rootstock of citrus is C. unishu. Citrus unshiu is a semi-seedless and easy-peeling citrus species, also known as cold hardy mandarin and tangerine. These are cold-hardy and when planted in colder locations, the fruit becomes sweeter from the colder temperatures. A mature satsuma tree can survive down to -9°C (15°F) or even -11°C (12°F) for a few hours. It is usually seedless, but it can be grown from seed, which takes about eight years until the first fruits are produced or grafted onto other citrus rootstocks, such as trifoliate orange.
719:
A
Solution: Bitter gourd witches broom is caused by Virus . Witches' broom is a deformity in a woody plant, typically a tree, where the natural structure of the plant is changed. A dense mass of shoots grows from a single point, with the resulting structure resembling a broom or a bird's nest. It is sometimes caused by pathogens. The normal hierarchy of buds is interrupted, and apices grow indiscriminately. This can be caused by cytokinin, a phytohormone that interferes with growth regulation.
720:
C
Solution: Many fold effects of a gene are referred to as Pleiotropy. “Pleiotropy” refers to the phenomenon in which a single locus affects two or more unrelated phenotypic traits and is often identified as a single mutation that affects two or more wild-type traits. It refers to the effect that mutations in the same gene may lead to multiple, seemingly unrelated diseases. One gene controls the expression of several phenotypic traits. Phenotypes are traits that are physically expressed such as color, body shape and height.
721:
B
Solution: The seed plot technique in potatoes was developed by Dr. Puskarnath in 1967 . "Seed Plot Technique" i.e. raising the healthy seed crop during the low aphid population period available in northern plains. It is a technique of multiplication of disease-free (virus-free) seeds in the Northern plains of the country. The nucleus seed of the potato is produced from April to August when the aphid population is low in the hills.
722:
C
Solution: The inception of ripening in grape is termed Verasion . It is the onset of the ripening of the grapes. The official definition of veraison is "change of colour of the grape berries". The trigger of veraison is unknown but may signify the seed reaching maturity, an unlikely signal, however, because seedless berries also proceed through veraison.
723:
A
Solution: Haploid plants have been produced by anther culture in tomato by Greshof and Doy . Experimental induction of androgenesis from cultured anthers was first attempted in tomatoes by Gresshoff and Doy, in 1972 soon after the discovery of the process by Guha and Maheshwari (1964). Anther culture means plant regeneration from the haploid microspore cells with the aim of haploid and dihaploid plant production.
724:
A
Solution: The fruit thinning growth regulator is NAA. NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) is a synthetic auxin plant growth regulator that will effectively promote return bloom when used at the thinning stage in trees that are biennial bearing. It is widely used as an effective thinner in apple orchards. When applied shortly after fruit set, some fruit abscise leading to improved fruit size and quality.
725:
B
Solution: In India, hydroponics was 1 st introduced at Kalimpong . The first work on soilless culture in India was started in 1946 at the Government of Bengal's Experimental Farm at Kalimpong. Hydroponics is a type of horticulture and a subset of hydroculture that involves growing plants, without soil, by using water-based mineral nutrient solutions in aqueous solvents. In 1929, William Frederick Gericke of the University of California at Berkeley began publicly promoting that the principles of solution culture are used for agriculture and He first termed this cultivation method "aquiculture".
726:
B
Solution: Polyembryony in the case of mango is seen in Vellai Columban from the following cultivars. The phenomenon of polyembryony, characterized by the formation of more than one embryo in the seed, is known to occur in several mango varieties growing under different conditions of climate and soil. Vellai Columban cultivar of mango is tetraploid (2n = 4x = 80) which is a polyembryonic type.
727:
A
Solution: The inflorescence of onion is called Umbel . An umbel is an inflorescence that consists of several short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade". The inflorescence in onion is umbel, in which the outside flowers bloom first and flowering progress to the inside. Some species produce bulbils within the umbels, and in some species, such as Allium paradoxum, the bulbils replace some or all the flowers.
728:
A
Solution: Plants preferred for xeriscaping are cacti. The term “xeriscape” comes from the Greek root word “xeros”, meaning dry. Xeriscaping is the process of landscaping or gardening, that reduces or eliminates the need for irrigation . It is promoted in regions that do not have accessible, plentiful, or reliable supplies of fresh water and has gained acceptance in other regions as access to irrigation water has become limited, though it is not limited to such climates. This method of low-water or no-water landscaping is used to reduce the need for irrigation. Cactus grows on rocky hillsides in its native habitat, Turk's cap cactus will grow well both on slopes and in rock gardens, as well as in xeriscapes with native shrubs, perennials and wildflowers.
729:
A
Solution: The most acidic citrus fruit is Citrus megalaxycarpa. Citrus has had a significant role in dietary and medicinal purposes from time immemorial and is widely acknowledged for its therapeutic properties. Citric acid is found naturally in citrus fruits, especially lemons and limes. Citrus megaloxycarpa Lush. is a little-known sibling of the genus Citrus and family Rutaceae with an unknown origin. Large, vigorous, open-growing trees. Leaves are large, citron-like in appearance. Fruits look like medium to medium/large citron. Rind yellow, rough, medium thick.
730:
D
Solution: The ideal storage temperature for Anthuriums is 13°C . All species of anthurium are native tropical plants, and mimicking those conditions will give you the best chances for success. This plant prefers high humidity. Anthurium is stored in water at 13°C for 3 - 5 weeks. Flowers are very sensitive to low temperatures. Storage below 13°C causes darkening of the spathe. Red-coloured cultivars are more susceptible to chilling injury.
731:
C
Solution: Tiger lily is Triploid . Lilium lancifolium is an Asian species of lily, native to China, Japan, Korea, and the Russian Far East. It has the English name tiger lily. It is widely planted as an ornamental because of its showy orange-and-black flowers. Lilies appear which have more chromosomes than normal. Those with 36 chromosomes in each cell instead of 24 are referred to as triploids.
732:
B
Solution: The common name of Lentinus edodes is Shiitake mushroom . The shiitake is an edible mushroom native to East Asia, which is now cultivated and consumed around the globe. It is considered a medicinal mushroom in some forms of traditional medicine. In a 100-gram reference serving, raw shiitake mushrooms provide 141 kilojoules (34 kilocalories) of food energy and are 90% water, 7% carbohydrates, 2% protein and less than 1% fat.
733:
A
Solution: A commonly used carbon energy source in plant tissue culture media is Sucrose . Sucrose has been frequently used as a carbon source in plant tissue culture for energy supply and induction of osmotic stress, but its optimal concentration required for each stage of in vitro culture depends mainly on the plant species. The most preferred carbon or energy source is sucrose at a concentration of 20 - 60 g/L. But the levels of sucrose that are normally used to support the growth of tissue cultures are often inhibitory to chlorophyll synthesis.
734:
D
Solution: A dwarf rootstock of pear is Quince C . It is a semi-dwarfing rootstock suitable for bush trees in situations such as small gardens and allotments. Quince rootstock is usually used for dwarf pears. The quince ( Cydonia oblonga ) has been used for centuries as a rootstock for pear. Such stocks produce dwarf trees that are earlier bearing (with some varieties) than standard trees. Will grow to 2.5 - 3.5 m (8 - 12′) eventually. The fruit from dwarf trees may mature a bit early, but it is of good quality.
735:
D
Solution: Seed rate is defined as the amount of seed required for a unit area of land to grow any crop successfully. In other words, the amount of seed required to raise a crop successfully on a given land is called a seed rate for that crop of the land. The seed rate of cucumber is 4 - 5 kg/ ha. The seed rate of bottle gourd is 6 - 8 kg/ ha. The seed rate of bitter gourd is 4 - 6 kg/ha. The seed rate of sponge gourd is 3 - 4 kg/ha. It is not 8 - 10 kg/ha. Thus it is not correctly paired.
736:
B
Solution: Wine prepared from the juice of pears is Perry , also known as Pear cider. It is an alcoholic beverage made from fermented pears, traditionally the Perry pear. Perry pear trees can live to a great age and can be fully productive for 250 years. Traditional Perry making is broadly similar to traditional cider making, in that the fruit is picked, crushed, and pressed to extract the juice, which is then fermented using the wild yeasts found on the fruit's skin.
737:
D
Solution: Botanically Pumpkin is Pepo . Pepo is a Berry with a hard, thick, and fleshy rind, multi-seeded fruit. It is a typical fruit of the gourd family, (Cucurbitaceae). E.g. watermelon, cucumber, squash, cantelope and pumpkin. A pumpkin is a cultivar of winter squash that is round with smooth, slightly ribbed skin and is most often deep yellow to orange in coloration. The thick shell contains seeds and pulp.
738:
C
Solution: Around 200 m 2 is recommended for kitchen gardening for a family of five. Nearly five cents of land is sufficient to provide vegetables throughout the year for a family consisting of five members. A rectangular garden is preferred to a square plot or a long strip of land. A kitchen garden is a space to grow herbs, leafy greens, vegetables and fruit organically for everyday use inside the kitchen.
739:
A
Solution: Ber variety suitable for making chuhara is Umran . Fruits of this variety are oval with smooth and glossy skin. It is of golden yellow colour and on maturity, it changes to a golden brown. It gets mature in March end to Mid-April. Gives an average yield of 150 - 200 kg per tree. Umran is the commercial variety of ber with a high pulp-to-stone ratio and high TSS, thus used in making Chuhara.
740:
B
Solution: National Horticultural Mission (NHM) was started during 2005 - 06. National Horticulture Mission (NHM) is an Indian horticulture Scheme promoted by the Government of India. It was launched under the 10 th five-year plan in the year 2005 - 06. While the Government of India contributes 85%, 15% share is contributed by State Governments. The NHM's key objective is to develop horticulture to the maximum potential available in the state and to augment the production of all horticultural products (fruits, vegetables, flowers, cocoa, cashew nut, plantation crops, spices, medicinal aromatic plants) in the state.
741:
D
Solution: Udaipur-102 is one of the onion cultivars that are not red. It is released by RAU, Bikaner Campus, Udaipur. The bulbs are white, round to flat in shape with a low percentage of small bulbs. The size of the bulb ranges from 4.5 - 6.5 cm. it matures in 120 days after transplanting. TSS is about 12%. The average yield is 30 - 35 t/ha.
742:
C
Solution: The chief ingredient of the medicinal value of the bael is Marmelosin . Marmelosin is believed to be the therapeutically active principle of bael fruit. It has shown antihelminthic and antibacterial activities. It can also be used as a laxative and for diuretic treatment. The fruits, bark, leaves, seeds and roots of bael contain various bioactive compounds such as coumarin, xanthotoxol, imperatorin, aegeline and marmeline. These compounds can provide antidiabetic, anticancerous, antifertility, antimicrobial, immunogenic and insecticidal activities.
743:
C
Solution: China is the leading producer with a production volume of nearly 594 million metric tons, followed by India with approximately 141.2 million metric tons of fresh vegetables, as of 2020 - 21. China produces half of the world's vegetables. Chinese vegetables include Chinese cabbage, bok choy, mustard greens, winter radish, snow peas, yard-long beans and varieties of melons, eggplant and cucumbers, among others.
744:
A
Solution: Pusa Purple long, Pusa Kranti and Arka Sheel are the improved varieties of Brinjal . This variety has a dwarf and spreading growth habit. Fruits of this cultivar are oblong and stocky than slender with attractive dark purple colour. This variety is good for both spring and autumn plantings beneath North Indian states. Normally, the crop grows in 140 to 150 days.
745:
B
Solution: Okra belongs to the family Malvaceae. Malvaceae or the mallows , is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. Okra is a flowering plant in the mallow family. It has edible green seed pods.
746:
A
Solution: The pink colour in the skin of the radish root is due to Anthocyanin. Root skin colour is one of the economically important traits in radish (Raphanus sativus), and the pigmentation in red skin varieties is largely attributable to anthocyanin accumulation . Pelargonidin was found as a major anthocyanin pigment accumulated in the sub-epidermal layer of red radish roots.
747:
A
Solution: Head Quarter of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is located in Geneva, Switzerland . WIPO was established by the WIPO Convention in 1967 with a mandate from its Member States to promote the protection of IP throughout the world through cooperation among states and in collaboration with other international organizations. Its headquarters are in Geneva & Switzerland.
748:
D
Solution: The multivitamin packed leafy vegetable is Chekkurmanis. The leaves of chekurmanis are highly nutritious, being a very rich source of β-carotene, vitamin E, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, calcium, iron, zinc and protein. Thus, chekurmanis is an unusual green leafy vegetable having a maximum number of nutrients. Chekurmanis (Sauropus androgynus) belonging to Euphorbiaceae, is a small perennial shruby leafy vegetable becoming popular especially in south India because of its high nutritive value.
749:
A
Solution: Seedlessness in lemon (Citrus lemon) is due to Self-incompatibility . Emasculated unpollinated flowers also developed into seedless fruits, indicating that seedlessness contributes to parthenocarpy. However, gametophytic self-incompatibility has a major role in seedlessness in lemons by blocking fertilization at the bottom of the stigma. After self-pollination, however, ovules began to abort at 2 weeks post-pollination, with ovules disappearing at 5 weeks, ultimately producing seedless fruits.
750:
D
Solution: The best grade of cashew nut is W-180 . W-180, is the 'King of Cashew' They are larger and very expensive. W-180 Cashew Nuts are different from the other varieties of nuts available in the market. The name W180 has its significance. This type of cashew name contains two parts W and 180 where "W" stands for "White Whole" and "180" represents the amount of kernel in 1 pound (Lb) of cashew. W-180 has a delicious taste and is full of goodness. These cashews are known for their taste and healthy properties. The main advantage of consuming these cashews is that they do not contain much cholesterol.
751:
B
Solution: The periodical 'Vegetables' is published by the US Dept. of Agriculture . The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is the federal executive department responsible for developing and executing federal laws related to farming, forestry, rural economic development and food. It aims to meet the needs of commercial farming and livestock food production, promotes agricultural trade and production, works to assure food safety, protects natural resources, fosters rural communities and works to end hunger in the United States and internationally.
752:
B
Solution: Flat gardens in Japanese are known as Hira-Niwa . A garden made on a flat lot. The term is used in contrast to hill and pond gardens. Most dry landscape gardens belong to this type. The term hira niwa has been used since the mid-Edo period. The Flat Garden [hira-niwa] is an example of how gardens in Japan have continued to develop the dry landscape style of the karesansui over time. In such gardens, the designer works to balance the flat planes of the ground with the volume of stones, clipped shrubbery and trees.
753:
D
Solution: An example of a live fence is agave. Agaves are sturdy, architectural plants that provide a visually stimulating and low-maintenance, presence of spines on each leaf end, it is most commonly used as a live fence. Live or bio fencings are lines of trees or shrubs planted on farm or field boundaries that provide protection against cattle and wildlife, act as windbreaks, enrich the soil, provide bee forage, provide shade and control dust.
754:
C
Solution: Apricot is a sweet and delicious fruit. Apricots are one of those kinds which are self-fruitful, meaning they don't need any pollination partner. Apricot trees require 600 to 900 cool hours every year at a temperature of 0 to 8 degree celcius. Low chilling variety of apricot is New Castle . "New castle" produces a rounded, medium to large yellow-orange fruit with light green shoulders. Its flesh is orange, soft and juicy. It is an early harvest, freestone variety that is self-fertile.
755:
A
Solution: Shoot and fruit borer of okra belongs to Earias vitella . Larva bores into tender terminal shoots in the vegetative stage and flower buds, flowers and young fruits in the fruit formation stage. The damaged shoots droop, wither and dry up. The infested fruits present a deformed appearance and become unfit for consumption. Bore holes - plugged with excreta. Okra shoot and fruit borer (OSFB) is considered to be the major insect pest of the crop, which interferes with its economic production in almost all okra growing countries.
756:
B
Solution: Protogynous diuranally synchronous dichogamy is observed in Avocado . The avocado flower has a unique flowering behaviour, in addition, the avocado flower has a very interesting bisexual quality in which the flower opens twice. First opening in the female stage, then closing and opening the next day in the male stage. This phenomenon is called protogynous, diurnally synchronous dichogamy. The dichogamy is protogynous, as the pistil matures before the stamens in both types and all flowers of type A are synchronous to be functionally female at one time of the day and functionally male at anther time. The combination of protogynous dichogamy and the flowering behaviour of the avocado prevents self-pollination promoting outcrossing.
757:
A
Solution: Pre-canning treatment of fruits and vegetables with boiling water for a short time is called Blanching . Blanching is a cooking process in which a food, usually a vegetable or fruit, is scalded in boiling water, removed after a brief, timed interval and finally plunged into iced water or placed under cold running water (known as shocking or refreshing) to halt the cooking process. It increases the shelf life of the fruits and vegetables.
758:
C
Solution: Cabbage is generally grown for its densely leaved heads, produced during the first year of its biennial cycle. Plants perform best when grown in well-drained soil in a location that receives full sun. The native place of cabbage is Western Europe . Cabbages and kale were probably the first to be domesticated, before 1000 BC, perhaps by the Celts of central and Western Europe although recent linguistic and genetic evidence enforces a Mediterranean origin of cultivated brassicas.
759:
D
Solution: Isolation distance is the minimum separation required between two or more varieties of the same species for the purpose of keeping seed pure. As a general rule, plants that primarily self-pollinate require less isolation distance, while plants that primarily cross-pollinate require greater distances. Therefore None of the above options given is wrong as per the rule, that is the extent of natural cross-pollination is decreasing with decrease in distance. When isolation distance is more that is 500 - 1000 meter, the extent of natural cross-pollination is maximum i.e. 50 - 75%.
760:
B
Solution: Exhausting temperature of canned fruits and vegetables is 80 - 82°C . Exhausting is the process of removal of air from the cans. It is very essential as it avoids the corrosion of tinplate and pinholing during the storage. Exhausting is done to minimize discoloration, to reduce chemical reaction between the container and the contents. The fruit cans are exhausted at 80 - 82°C for 7 - 10 minutes or until temperature at the centre of the can reaches 74°C.
761:
C
Solution: The book HORTISCIENCE is written by Jules Jennick . This book is designed for the beginning horticultural student, Janick's book examines the scientific concepts upon which horticulture is based, viewing horticulture from the standpoints of biology, environment, technology and industry.
762:
A
Solution: Most commonly used sugar in flower preservation solution is Sucrose . Sugar mixed with water is an important component of cut flower preservation. Cut flowers require a certain amount of acidity in their water, as well as bacterial control if they are to thrive. It has been concluded that 200 ppm 8-HQS combined with 2% sucrose solution has the potential to be used as a commercial cut flower preservative.
763:
B
Solution: Blue lake is the cultivar of French bean . Blue lake bean is botanically classified as Phaseolus vulgaris, belonging to Fabaceae family. Blue Lake Bean is an heirloom variety that is one of the most-popular bush bean varieties grown by backyard gardeners. 5 - 6″ round pods that are excellent for eating fresh or canning.
764:
B
Solution: Truck gardening is an extensive method of vegetable cultivation. Truck gardening is the method of growing special vegetable crops in relatively larger quantities for distant markets by employing extensive methods. In this method of gardening, in general, a more extensive and less intensive method of cultivation than market gardening is followed. Such farms are located far away from the centre of consumption preferably by the side of rail routes or metallic roads, which makes it easy to be transported.
765:
C
Solution: Orange is the fruit that is most suited for the preparation of marmalade. Marmalade is a fruit preserve made from the juice and peel of citrus fruits boiled with sugar and water. The well-known version is made from bitter orange. It is also made from lemons, limes, grapefruits, mandarins, sweet oranges, bergamots and other citrus fruits or a combination.
766:
A
Solution: Dwarfing rootstock in mango is Totapuri red small . Dwarfing rootstocks produce the smallest trees and range from 6 feet tall to 12 to 14 feet tall. Mango is commonly propagated with unselected seedling rootstocks, which might be responsible for the variation in the performance of trees of the same clone in the orchard. The investigations were carried out with 31 different rootstocks comprising of own-rooted varieties-Dashehari, Langra, Chausa, Totapari Red Small, Neelum, Bombay Green, and the seedlings raised from open-pollinated seeds of the above varieties.
767:
B
Solution: Copper sulphate is sprayed in roses for Defoliation. Defoliation is to deprive leaves especially prematurely by the attack of black spot fungus in roses. Thus copper sulphate antifungal is sprayed on the infected plants. The effect of such a copper sulphate fungicide is preventing fungal infections on healthy plant tissue or the reduction of active fungal infections that can disease or destroy the plant.
768:
B
Solution: The allopolyploid variety reported in mango is Vellai kolamban . The tree of this variety is large and evergreen growing up to 45 m in height and 120 cm in bole diameter. The canopy is umbrella-shaped and spreading. The seeds are sources of starch and edible fat. Young leaves are cooked as a vegetable. An allopolyploid is an individual having two or more complete sets of chromosomes derived from different species.
769:
B
Solution: The monoembryonic variety of lemon is Meyer . Monoembryony is the emergence of one and only one seedling from a seed. Meyer lemon is a hybrid citrus fruit native to China. It is a cross between a citron and a mandarin/pomelo hybrid. The fruit is rounder than a true lemon, deep yellow with a slight orange tint when ripe and has a sweeter, less acidic flavour. The lemons contain a highly acidic pH of between 2 - 3. This acidity level allows for these lemons to be used as antibacterial and antiseptic cleaners.
770:
C
Solution: Cashewnut is the fruit among the given options that belongs to the family Anacardiaceae. The Anacardiaceae, commonly known as the cashew family or sumac family, is a family of flowering plants, including about 83 genera with about 860 known species. Members of the Anacardiaceae bear fruits that are drupes and in some cases produce urushiol, an irritant.
771:
B
Solution: The most commonly used chemical agent for doubling plant chromosomes is Colchicine . It disrupts mitosis by inhibiting the formation of spindle fibers and disturbing normal polar chromosomal migration, resulting in chromosome doubling. Chromosome doubling occurs as a spontaneous process of mitotic cell division without cytokinesis.
772:
A
Solution: The base of cut flowers is subjected to hot water treatment in Rose . Rose is an ornamental plant, which constitutes one of the leading cut flowers in the world. The vase life of cut Rosa hybrida L. flowers is truly short. Treatment of cut flowers with water at the temperature of 52°C for 15 min induced the highest water absorption, petal's anthocyanin, leaf's chlorophyll and the lowest ethylene production.
The use of warm water (52°C) for 15 min extended the vase life and most traits of the vase life of cut Rosa hybrida L. flowers.
The use of warm water (52°C) for 15 min extended the vase life and most traits of the vase life of cut Rosa hybrida L. flowers.
773:
C
Solution: In north India pruning in grapes is done in January . Pruning is the removal of canes in the grape vines. All the canes are pruned back by retaining one or two basal buds. This is called back pruning. The shoots from these sprouted buds are allowed to grow and the food material is stored in it. Hence, it is also called foundation pruning. The purpose of pruning is to obtain maximum yields of high-quality grapes and to allow adequate vegetative growth for the following season.
774:
B
Solution: Bharat, the first F 1 hybrid of capsicum in India was released by IAHS, Bangalore in 1973. Plants are vigorous, fruit dark green, 4 lobed yields 20 - 25 t/ha. It is resistant to Tobacco Mosaic Virus. Harvest of fruits starts from 90 - 100 days. It requires well-drained red loamy soil.
775:
D
Solution: Kisan Call Center (KCC) is an initiative by the Indian government to provide agricultural information and expert advice to farmers across the country. The primary objective of KCC is to respond to issues raised by farmers in their local languages in real time. These centers operate from 6 AM to 10 PM every day , including holidays, ensuring that farmers can get timely help when they need it most. Expert agricultural scientists and trained professionals are available during these hours to answer queries related to crops, fertilizers, pest control, weather, and more. Therefore, the correct answer is 6 AM - 10 PM.
776:
B
Solution: A person regarded as the father of tomatoes in India is Dr. G. Kalloo (1986). He was a former DDG (Crop Science), ICAR, New Delhi, and vice-chancellor, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur in 2017. He has written several books including Genetic improvement of Tomatoes, because which he is regarded as the father of tomatoes. G. Kalloo's 4 research works with 116 citations and 224 reads, including Breeding for Environmental Stress Resistance in Tomato.
777:
C
Solution: ‘Little leaf' of mango is due to the deficiency to India of Zinc . The leaves become small and narrow with leaf margins bent upwards or downward. Inter nodal length is reduced drastically and a twig with crowded leaves gives a rosette appearance. The tree with zinc hunger does not grow well and the yield, size and quality of the fruit are reduced. Malformation of fruits, death of tissue. The margins of the leaf, the midrib area and the leaf tip usually remain green. Plants are stunted because internodes are shortened.
778:
D
Solution: The Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marketing) Act was passed in 1937. An Act to provide for the grading and marking of agricultural and other produce. This Act may be called the Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937. It extends to the whole of India. AGMARK is a certification mark for agricultural produce, assuring that they conform to a grading standard notified by the Directorate of Marketing & Inspection (DMI), Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare under Agricultural Produce (Grading Marking) Act, 1937.
779:
B
Solution: The biocide used in vase solution for the preservation of flowers is 8-HQC. A standard preservative solution containing 2% sucrose and 200 mg dm -3 citrate or sulfate of hydroxyquinoline (8-HQC or 8-HQS) is often used to prolong the vase life of cut flowers. The 8-HQC is a very important and effective biocide used in the floral industry. Thus, incorporating 8-HQC either in the preservative solution or as a pulse treatment would restrict microbial growth and subsequent vascular blockage and thus promote water uptake.
780:
B
Solution: Pungency in radish is due to the volatile compound Isothiocyanates . 4-(Methylthio)-3-trans-butenyl isothiocyanate, a breakdown product of glucodehydroerucin, was reported to be the main volatile constituent of radish root responsible for its pungency. Isothiocyanate is a volatile and aliphatic sulphur-containing compound. It is a main pungent compound of some relishes.
781:
A
Solution: Cabbage is a cool season crop. Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var capitata) is a small, leafy biennial producing a compact globular mass of smooth or crinkled leaves wrapped over each other known as head. In India, cabbage is grown in large areas having a cool and moist climate. A temperature range of 15° - 21°C is considered optimum for the growth and head formation of the crop. The intensity of flowering depends upon the age of the plants and the period for which they are exposed to low temperatures.
782:
B
Solution: Arecanut processed by boiling is known as Kalipak . Kalipak is made from areca nuts of 6 - 7 months maturity. The nuts are dehusked, cut into pieces, boiled and then coated with a substance called kali before being dried. Kali is produced by concentrating the liquid (water) in which the nuts are boiled.
783:
B
Solution: Fruit of bael (Aegle marmelos) is a botanically Hard Shelled berry . The Bael fruits are globose in shape, with a hard exterior and do not split open even upon ripening. The raw fruits look greenish grey while the woody exterior turns yellow upon ripening. The ripened fruit contains aromatic pulp with around 10 - 15 seeds, enclosed in a sac filled with natural adhesive. It is a sweet, aromatic fruit that grows on the bael tree.
784:
A
Solution: Carrot is a heavy feeder, particularly for K (Potassium) . Heavy feeder refers to a plant type that requires more nutrients than other average plants. The carrot is a heavy potassium and calcium feeder. It requires 3-fold and 2-fold of these nutrients, respectively, as compared to the nitrogen rate. Potassium promotes solid, sweet carrots.
785:
A
Solution: A highly salt tolerant fruit crop among the following is Ber . The salt tolerance of a plant is often defined as the degree to which the plant can withstand, without significant adverse effects, moderate or high concentrations of salt in water on its leaves or in the soil within reach of its roots. It can withstand saline, alkaline soil also in waterlogged soil. Deep sandy loamy soils with good drainage capacity are ideal soil for ber cultivation. Based on salt tolerance limits, ber cultivars Banarsi Karaka, Narendra Ber Sel. -2 and Ponda can be placed intolerant and CVS.
786:
B
Solution: Pusa purple round is the variety that is resistant to the little leaf of brinjal. It is an early maturing and long-fruited type variety. Fruits are small, dark purple and borne in clusters. The crop is ready for picking 75 days after transplanting. Variety is resistant to little leaf disease under natural conditions.
787:
D
Solution: The percentage of sugar for the complete preservation of fruits in jam is 70% . Jam should have a fruit content of at least 40 percent and a total sugar content of not less than 68 percent to prevent mould growth after opening the jar. Jams contain 0.5 - 0.6 percent acid and inverted sugar should not be more than 40 percent. The abundance of sugar helps mask the sour taste of the citric acid found in the lemon juice.
788:
C
Solution: Kunwari is a variety of Cauliflower . It is released by Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. It is an early variety suitable for growing in Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Delhi. The leaves are bluish green. Curds are semi-spherical with an even surface and ready for harvesting from mid-September to mid-October.
789:
C
Solution: Neer vazhai is a malady of banana . Neer Vazhai (Neer = water and vazhai = banana) is a malady of unknown etiology. The fruits ooze out watery fluid when cut. It affects Nendran bananas in Tamil Nadu. Infested plants show poor plant growth, delayed shooting, a lanky bunch with few hands and immature unfilled fingers.
790:
C
Solution: An important ingredient of Panchkutta vegetables is cucurbit . Panchkuta ki Sabzi is essentially made up of 5 prime ingredients. Another Rajasthani delicacy is used for breaking a Jain fast (parna). This curry primarily consists of 5 ingredients - Ker, Sangri, Amchur, Gunda and Kumati hence the name Panchkutta.
791:
C
Solution: Paradox is a rootstock of Plum Walnut . Rootstocks are bred to grow in different soil types and conditions and provide the best anchorage, vigor and resistance or tolerance to soil borne pests and diseases. Paradox seedlings are more vigorous and less susceptible to Phytophthora root rot but very susceptible to crown gall.
792:
C
Solution: Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var capitata) is a small, leafy biennial producing a compact globular mass of smooth or crincled leaves wrapped over each other known as head. The outer leaves are generally larger than the inner. The stem is short and stout. Plants flower generally after winter. The seed required to raise seedling for planting of one hectare crop of cabbage is 400 - 500 gm. Prior to sowing seeds are treated with fungal culture of Trichoderma viride (4 g/kg of seed) or Thiram (3 g/kg of seed) to avoid damage from damping-off disease.
793:
C
Solution: Bleached ginger is treated with Lime solution . Bleached ginger is produced by dipping scrapped fresh ginger in a slurry of slaked lime, Ca(OH) 2 , (1 kg of slaked lime/120 kg of water) followed by sun drying. As the water adhering to the rhizomes dry, the ginger is again dipped in the slurry. This process is repeated until the rhizomes become uniformly white in colour. Liming gives ginger a better appearance and less susceptibility to the attack of insect pests during storage and shipping.
794:
B
Solution: Colour blindness genes are located on X chromosomes . It follows X-linked recessive inheritance. Colour blindness is the decreased ability to see colour or differences in colour. It can impair tasks such as selecting ripe fruit, choosing clothing, and reading traffic lights. Colour blindness is a sex-linked disease. This means it is a gene that occurs only on the X chromosome, which is passed to the child by the mother. The Y chromosome, which is passed to the child by the father, does not carry the defective gene.
795:
A
Solution: First time cytoplasmic genetic male sterility is used in Onion . Background. Joseph Gottlieb Kölreuter was the first to document male sterility in plants. In the 18 th century, he reported on anther abortion within species and specific hybrids. It is total or partial male sterility in plants as the result of specific nuclear and mitochondrial interactions. Cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) has been used in F1 hybrid seed production in onion (Allium cepa L.). Two types of CMS (CMS-S and CMS-T) have been reported in onions. Almost complete mitochondrial genome sequences of normal, CMS-T and CMS-S cytoplasm types have been obtained in previous studies.
796:
B
Solution: The cultivated carrot (daucus caroto L.) has a chromosome number of 2n = 18. The carrot is a diploid species and has nine relatively short, uniform-length chromosomes ( 2n = 18). The genome size is estimated to be 473 mega base pairs. The cytogenetic characterization of the carrot genome (Daucus carota L., 2n = 18) has been limited so far, partly because of its somatic chromosome morphology and scant of chromosome markers.
797:
A
Solution: Food preservation can be defined as the process of treating and handling food in such a way as to stop or greatly slow down spoilage and prevent foodborne illness while maintaining nutritional value, texture and flavour. In food preservation colour is added to make food more attractive, appealing, appetizing, and informative. In preservation of food 200 ppm of colour is permitted.
798:
C
Solution: Blanching is a cooking process in which a food, usually a vegetable or fruit, is scalded in boiling water, removed after a brief, timed interval and finally plunged into iced water or placed under cold running water (known as shocking or refreshing) to halt the cooking process. Blanching foods helps reduce quality loss over time. Enzymes are inactivated in produce by Blanching . Heat treatment and blanching is the simplest and direct method of enzyme inactivation.
799:
B
Solution: Isolation distance for production of certified seeds of okra is 200 m. Isolation distance is the minimum separation required between two or more varieties of the same species for the purpose of keeping seed pure. Isolation prevents unwanted cross-pollination and is the primary practice required to keep varieties true to type. Isolation begins with an understanding of the distance required to limit or eliminate chances of cross-pollination between two varieties of the same species.
800:
C
Solution: Purple top roll disease of potato is transmitted by leaf hopper . The disease was also observed in 2003 and 2004, especially in organic potato fields. A graft transmissible disease of potato termed purple top roll is prevalent in several potato varieties grown in the hilly tracts of India. The common symptoms are rolling of the basal parts of younger leaves, sometimes accompanied by pink or purple pigmentation.
801:
B
Solution: The moisture level for better storage of vegetables is 20%. Moisture content affects the processibility, shelf-life, usability and quality of a product. Accurate moisture content determination, therefore, plays a key role in ensuring the quality of vegetables. A general rule for vegetables is that cool-season crops should be stored at cooler temperatures (32 to 35°F) and warm-season crops should be stored at warmer temperatures (45 to 55°F).
802:
C
Solution: The synthetic variety of cabbage is Pusa Sambandh . The heads of this variety are medium in size and high yielding variety. Its average yield is 35 - 46 t/ha. Heads are round and weigh 2 - 4 kg. Harvested within 80 - 90 days after transplanting. It is a Mid-season variety.
803:
A
Solution: The origin place of the pineapple is Brazil . The pineapple ( Ananas comosus ) is a tropical plant with edible fruit, it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae. The wild plant originates from the Parana - Paraguay River drainages between southern Brazil and Paraguay. The Portuguese took the fruit from Brazil and introduced it into India by 1550.
804:
A
Solution: Cross protection is done in citrus against Tristeza disease. Cross protection is a type of induced resistance developing in plants against viruses. Tristeza is one of the very few virus-induced diseases where mild strain cross-protection has been used successfully in commercial production of various tree crops and is currently the only way a citrus industry faced with severe and destructive stem pitting CTV (Citrus Tristeza Virus) can survive.
805:
A
Solution: Guava belongs to the family Myrtaceae . It is a common tropical fruit cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions. It is a small tree in the Myrtle family, native to Mexico and Central America. Guavas are typical Myrtoideae, with tough dark heavy leaves that are opposite, simple, elliptic to ovate, and 5 - 15 centimeters (2 - 6 in) long. The flowers are white, with five petals and numerous stamens. The fruits are many-seeded berries.
806:
D
Solution: GMS is exploited in the commercial hybrid seed production of Musk melon . GMS is Genetic male sterile and is exploited for commercial hybrid seed production for producing F1 hybrid seeds. Mono-genic recessive GMS is maintained by backcrossing it with a heterozygous isogenic line for male sterility. Therefore, in the hybrid seed production field, 50% of male fertile segregants need to be identified and removed before they shed pollen.
807:
D
Solution: Type of fruit in Citrus spp. is Hesperidium . A hesperidium (plural hesperidia) is a modified berry with a tough, leathery rind. The outer ovary wall becomes the thick spongy layer of the rind, while the inner ovary wall becomes very juicy with several seeds. The peel contains volatile oil glands in pits. Oranges, lemons, limes and grapefruit are all common examples of hesperidia.
808:
C
Solution: The first transgenic crop commercially cultivated in our country is Cotton . Bt cotton was approved by the Government of India in March 2002 as the first transgenic crop for commercial cultivation for three years. Bt cotton plants contain one or more foreign genes derived from the soil-dwelling bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis. Apart from cotton, there are more than 20 crops under research and development in about 50 public and private sector organizations in India.
809:
A
Solution: The flowering season of gladiolus is Spring and Summer . In areas having moderate climatic conditions, gladiolus can be grown throughout the year. Gladiolus can be grown in a wide range of climatic conditions. It can be grown from plains to an altitude of 2500 m. Gladioli grow from round, symmetrical corms that are enveloped in several layers of brownish, fibrous tunics. The flowers of unmodified wild species vary from very small to perhaps 40 mm across and inflorescences bear anything from one to several flowers.
810:
B
Solution: The tetraploid variety of medicinal solanum is Arka Mahima . 'Arka Sanjeevini' and 'Arka Mahima' are the two diploid and tetraploid varieties of this crop developed at the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessarghatta, Bangalore and released for cultivation. It is used as raw materials for the production of steroidal drugs, steroid-bearing solanum holds an important place due to its quick growth and low initial investment in its commercial cultivation. It yields a glycoalkaloid, solasodine, a nitrogen analogue of diosgenine.
811:
C
Solution: There are six types of vegetable gardens based on the purpose for which they have been developed. A vegetable garden helps us eat more fresh fruits and vegetables. These vegetable gardens are (i) home or kitchen gardens (ii) market gardens (iii) truck gardens, (iv) gardens for processing (v) gardens for seed production.
812:
B
Solution: The tag colour of the certified seed is Azure blue . The progeny of foundation seed is produced by registered seed growers under the supervision of seed certification agencies to maintain the seed quality as per minimum seed certification standards. An azure blue colour certificate is issued by a seed certification agency for this category of seed.
813:
A
Solution: Rose belongs to the family Rosaceae . Rosaceae, the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants that includes 4,828 known species in 91 genera. A rose is either a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and tens of thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can erect shrubs, climb, or trail, with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles.
814:
B
Solution: Amphidiploid cucurbit is Pumpkin . Amphidiploid is an interspecific hybrid having a complete diploid chromosome set from each parent form. Or in other words, it can be called an organism produced by the hybridization of two species followed by chromosome doubling. A pumpkin is a cultivar of winter squash that is round with smooth, slightly ribbed skin and is most often deep yellow to orange in coloration. The thick shell contains seeds and pulp.
815:
B
Solution: A refractometer is used to determine T. S. S. (total soluble solids) . The refractometer is a well-established instrument used for measuring the water content of liquids. It measures the refractive index of the liquid, which changes according to the moisture content. The destructive method of TSS measurement is usually performed by a refractometer. The measurement is done by dripping the liquid fruit extract on the detector. TSS value is expressed by %Brix, the value displayed is based on a ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum and the speed of light through the sample.
816:
A
Solution: Plant Introduction Scheme was sanctioned at IARI, New Delhi in 1947 . The ICAR scheme for “Plant Introduction” commenced functioning in 1946 in the Botany Division of IARI under the leadership of the late Dr. Harbhajan Singh as the first ‘Operational Scientist’. The unit was further expanded and strengthened as ‘Plant Introduction and Exploration Organization’ in the Botany Division in 1956 and later developed as a separate ‘Division of Plant Introduction’ in IARI in 1961. It was upgraded to an independent institute 'The National Bureau of Plant Introduction' in August 1976 which was rechristened as 'The National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources' in January 1977.
817:
D
Solution: Cytokinin is the growth regulator that is recommended for the maintenance of freshness in cut leafy vegetables. Cytokinin is the plant hormone that is found to have profound effects in delaying the ageing of plants and thus increases the shelf life of vegetables and fruits. It promotes cell division and increases cell expansion during the proliferation and expansion stages of leaf cell development, respectively.
818:
A
Solution: The true potato seed concept was 1st realized to raise a commercial crop in India by Dr. S. Ramanujan . It was first evolved through sexual reproduction by Ramanujam in 1957 and subsequently, its commercial viability was tested. However, the high heterozygosity of seedlings of TPS and uniformity in crop hampered its commercial adoption by farmers. This technique is used for disease-free seed production. It is the technique for virus-free seed production. The cost of tuber-treating chemicals is also reduced because of the relatively lesser volume of tuberlets.
819:
B
Solution: The word "Olericulture" is derived from the Latin word. In horticulture, olericulture specifically refers to the branch that deals with the cultivation of vegetables. The term " olericulture " comes from the Latin word " oleris ," which means "kitchen garden" or "vegetable garden." So, the correct answer is Option B: Latin.
820:
C
Solution: The man-made vegetable is Rutabaga . A man-made (or person-made) vegetable is one that humans have created through cross-breeding and selective breeding. This helps science and the food industry create new varieties of foods with attractive qualities like appearance, texture and flavour. Rutabaga roots are eaten as human food in a variety of ways and the leaves can be eaten as a leaf vegetable. The roots and tops are also used for livestock, either fed directly in the winter or foraged in the field during the other seasons.
821:
B
Solution: The botanical name of radish is Raphanus sativus . Radishes are annual or biennial brassicaceous crops grown for their swollen tap roots which can be globular, tapering or cylindrical. The root skin colour ranges from white through pink, red, purple, yellow and green to black, but the flesh is usually white. Radishes are a fast-growing, annual, cool-season crop. The seed germinates in three to four days in moist conditions with soil temperatures between 18 and 29°C. Radishes grow best in full sun in light, sandy loams, with a soil pH of 6.5 to 7.0, but for late-season crops, a clayey loam is ideal.
822:
C
Solution: Tentruier variety of grape in India is Pusa Navrang . This hybrid is a cross between Madeleine Angevine and Rubired and was released in 1996. It is an early ripening (1 st week of June), basal bearer and teinturier variety containing red pigment both in peel and pulp. The bunch is loose, medium in size with round and medium-sized berries with TSS ranging from 18 - 20%. It is ideally suited for coloured juice and winemaking and is resistant to anthracnose disease.
823:
B
Solution: Sodium benzoate is the preservative is used for the preparation of tomato ketchup. Sodium benzoate is a preservative added to packaged foods and personal care products to prolong shelf life. It is an odourless, crystalline powder made by combining benzoic acid and sodium hydroxide. Benzoic acid is a good preservative on its own, and combining it with sodium hydroxide helps it dissolve in products.
824:
D
Solution: The harvesting stage for watermelon is the full slip stage. The fruits when mature slip out easily from the vine with little pressure or jerk or if not they will remain separated from the vine the next day. This is called the full slip stage. In some Indian cultivars, green stripes on the skin begin to turn yellow which makes it easy to be harvested.
825:
A
Solution: The hormone used for degreening of citrus fruits is Ethylene . It accelerates fruit senescence and spoilage. Prolonged exposure of fruit to ethylene or its exposure to high doses during degreening induces physiological disorders and browning of the fruit peel. Citrus fruits are exposed from 1 - 3 days (depending on the degree of greening) to an atmosphere containing ethylene (5 - 10 ppm) under controlled ventilation, 20 - 26°C and 90 - 95% RH. Conditions for degreening are specific to the production area.
826:
B
Solution: KMnO 4 (Potassium permanganate) is ethylene absorbent among the given options. Potassium permanganate reduced the concentration of ethylene and calcium hydroxide reduced the concentration of carbon dioxide in sealed polyethylene bags containing bananas. It was estimated that about two weeks of additional storage life was obtained by packing potassium permanganate with the fruit.
827:
A
Solution: 1 st project Coordinator of AICVIP was Dr. Vishnu Swaroop. AICVIP is all India-coordinated vegetable improvement project. Initiation of AICVIP with Headquarters at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, headed by a Project Coordinator, Dr. Vishnu Swaroop being the first one who joined the project in 1971. The main function of AICVIP is to provide a national-level platform for multi-location testing of vegetable technologies developed by various research institutes and state agricultural universities to identify region-specific recommendations.
828:
C
Solution: Glabrous Seedling-a morphological marker for identification of male sterility is found in Muskmelon. Glabrous refers to a smooth plant surface completely devoid of hair or pubescence in seedling of muskmelon which denotes male sterility. Male sterility has immense potential for the production of hybrid cultivars of muskmelon. Five recessive nuclear male sterile genes (ms-1, ms-2, ms-3, ms-4, ms-5) are known.
829:
D
Solution: Cowpea crop is known as "Vegetable Meat" . Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a legume consumed as a high‐quality plant protein source in many parts of the world. High protein and carbohydrate contents with relatively low-fat content and complementary amino acid pattern to that of cereal grains make cowpea an important nutritional food in the human diet. The cowpea has often been referred to as "poor man's meat" due to the high levels of protein found in the seeds and leaves.
830:
B
Solution: Colour of roses with Cyanidin anthocyanin is Bluish-red. Anthocyanins produce red color in roses. They belong to the family of flavonoids. Cyanidine is a dye belonging to the group of anthocyanidins. Blue/violet flowers tend to contain delphinidin-based anthocyanins, magenta/red flowers contain predominantly cyanidin-based anthocyanins, and orange/brick red flowers contain pelargonidin-based anthocyanins.
831:
D
Solution: Vitamin E is termed an Anti-sterility vitamin. Vitamin E was first discovered by Evans and Bishop in 1922, and it was initially denoted as an “anti-sterility factor X” that was necessary for reproduction. Vitamin E has been well characterized as a powerful lipid-soluble antioxidant through extensive research. Vitamin E is known as anti-sterility vitamin or fertility vitamin. It is chemically called tocopherol. Vitamin E deficiency occurs rarely in adults. Vitamin E is used during testosterone synthesis.
832:
C
Solution: Very high respiratory activity is seen in Spinach . Spinach is an annual, cool-season, green, leafy vegetable that is rich in health-promoting compounds, such as vitamins A and C and flavonoids. The respiration rates of spinach leaves during storage in a 14.69-l chamber with different amounts of O 2 per unit mass of spinach: O 2 consumption rate and CO 2 production rate. Spinach has relatively high respiration and water-loss rates, and is prone to tissue decay, microbial growth, and loss of nutrients, all of which lead to a low storage potential.
833:
C
Solution: Cashewnut originated from Brazil . Cashews originated in Brazil's northeast, the easternmost corner of South America. Portuguese missionaries took it to East Africa and India during the late 16 th century, where it became abundant at low altitudes near the seacoast. The Portuguese took it to Goa, India between 1560 and 1565. It is a tropical evergreen tree that produces the cashew seed and the cashew apple accessory fruit.
834:
B
Solution: Grape fan leaf virus is transmitted by Nematode . Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Secoviridae. It infects grapevines, causing chlorosis of the leaves and lowering the fruit quality. It is transmitted via a nematode vector, the Xiphinema index. This nematode acquires the virus by feeding on the roots of an infected plant and passes it on in the same manner. The host for Grapevine fanleaf virus or GFLV is the Vitis species. This includes V. vinifera, V. rupestris and hybrids.
835:
C
Solution: The recommended storage temperature to extend the shelf life of bananas is 12° - 15°C. Keep them cool and protected from the light: Bananas should be stored at around 13°C, as they will ripen quicker if they are too warm. Bananas grow in hot climates, so they are unused to the cold. If they're kept at a cold temperature in the fridge, the enzymes that enable them to ripen are inhibited. And as those enzymes become inactive, other enzymes operate more efficiently. Some cause cell damage, while others (browning enzymes) cause the skin to blacken.
836:
A
Solution: The early season variety of apples is Irish peach . Irish Peach is an early-season apple, often ripening at the end of July or early August. It has a good natural resistance to many of the diseases that affect apple trees. Irish Peach is an early, high-quality dessert apple. Small yellow fruit with a dull dark crimson flush and faint stripes. The flesh of the fruit is white, tinged green, firm and crisp with a juicy, fair flavour that's slightly perfumed.
837:
B
Solution: The Central Institute of Sub-tropical Horticulture (CISH) is in Lucknow. The CISH has basic, strategic, and applied research to enhance sustainable productivity, quality, and utilization of subtropical horticultural crops. It helps in the transfer of technology, capacity building, and impact assessment of technologies. The main objective is for the management of genetic resources of mandated fruit crops and their conventional and molecular characterization.
838:
C
Solution: The economic part of Pimenta dioica is Dried berries . Allspice is the dried fruit of the Pimenta dioica plant. The fruits are picked when green and unripe and are traditionally dried in the sun. When dry, they are brown and resemble large, smooth peppercorns. Fresh leaves are similar in texture to bay leaves and similarly used in cooking. Leaves and wood are often used for smoking meats where all spice is a local crop.
839:
A
Solution: Ricyness, fuzziness, leafyness and browning are physiological disorders of cauliflower. Ricyness is the velvety or granular appearance on the surface of the curd mainly due to temperature fluctuations. Fuzziness is the phenomenon when the flower pedicels become velvety and curd elongates. The cultivation of the cultivars out of their normal growing season encourages this disorder. Leafiness is the disorder in which the formation of small thin leaves from the curd reduces the quality of curd occurs. Browning is a disorder in cauliflower caused due to boron deficiency.
840:
B
Solution: Catechol is a phenolic factor present in onion that has anti-fungal properties. The pungency in onion is due to sulphur bearing compound in the volatile oil allyl propyl disulphide. The red colour of the outer skin of onion bulbs is due to protocatechoic and catechol a phenolic factor present in red onions which also has antifungal properties.
841:
A
Solution: The low chilling variety of pear is Punjab Nectar. It can tolerate very low temperatures below zero degrees and can stand high temperatures. It is a low chilling and semi-soft variety of pear. Trees of medium height. Fruits are medium to large size. Fruits are yellow-green with white flesh. On ripening become juicy. It gets a mature week of July. It gives an average yield of 80 kg per tree.
842:
A
Solution: In tomatoes, the anti-freeze gene has been transferred from Fish. The tomato gained the moniker 'fish tomato'. The anti-freeze protein was found to inhibit ice recrystallization. Other genes from various species have been inserted into the tomato with the hope of increasing their resistance to various environmental factors. A genetically modified tomato or transgenic tomato is a tomato that has had its genes modified, using genetic engineering.
843:
D
Solution: A balanced diet includes at least 300 g of vegetables. Vegetables add roughage and fibres along with vitamins and minerals to the diet which is required for the proper functioning of our body. A diet rich in vegetables and fruits can lower blood pressure, reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke, prevent some types of cancer, lower the risk of eye and digestive problems and have a positive effect on blood sugar.
844:
B
Solution: An improved variety ‘Pusa Mukta’ of cabbage is resistant to Black rot . Pusa Mukta is a variety of cabbage with heads flattish round, medium-sized with light green outer leaves, weighing 1.5 - 2 kg each. The average yield is 25 - 30 t/ha. It is tolerant of Black rot disease that is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris and it is a significant disease of cabbage and other crucifer crops worldwide.
845:
A
Solution: Lal Bagh Botanical Garden or simply Lalbagh is located in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Hyder Ali commissioned the building of this garden in 1760 but his son, Tipu Sultan, completed it. A Bagh is Hindustani for the garden while the reference of the prefix Lal is debated and could refer to the colour red due to its original floral composition but Lal also means "beloved". It was responsible for the introduction and propagation of numerous ornamental plants as well as those of economic value. It also served a social function as a park and recreational space.
846:
B
Solution: Big Vein of lettuce is a viral disease that affects lettuce crops. The disease is transmitted by a soil-borne fungus called *Olpidium brassicae* . Olpidium brassicae does not cause the disease directly but acts as a vector that transmits the Mirafiori lettuce big-vein virus (MLBVV) into the plant. This fungus infects the roots of the lettuce plant and facilitates the entry of the virus that leads to the characteristic enlarged veins in the leaves. Nematodes , bacteria , and aphids are known to spread other types of plant diseases, but they are not responsible for transmitting Big Vein disease in lettuce. Therefore, the correct answer is Fungus.
847:
D
Solution: Vegetable cultivation is mostly concentrated in peri-urban areas. Peri-urban areas are zones of transition from rural to urban land uses located between the outer limits of urban and regional centres and the rural environment. The boundaries of peri-urban areas are porous and transitory as urban development extends into rural and industrial land.
848:
D
Solution: Cat facing is a physiological disorder of field and greenhouse tomatoes. It refers to a type of physiological damage affecting tomatoes and is represented by scarring and cavities near the blossom end. It is the abnormal development of plant tissue affecting the ovary or female sex organ (pistillate), which results in the flower, followed by the fruit development to become malformed.
849:
B
Solution: Wood apple belongs to the family Rutaceae. The botanical name of the wood apple is Limonia acidissima . It is a large tree growing to 9 metres (30 ft) tall, with rough, spiny bark. The leaves are pinnate, with 5 - 7 leaflets, each leaflet 25 - 35 mm long and 10 - 20 mm broad, with a citrus scent when crushed. The flowers are white and have five petals. The fruit is a berry 5 - 9 cm in diameter and may be sweet or sour. It has a very hard rind which can be difficult to crack open, it appears greenish-brown in colour from the outside and contains sticky brown pulp and small white seeds.
850:
B
Solution: The inflorescence of coriander is called Umbel. It is the racemose inflorescence, also known as a compound umbel. An umbel is an inflorescence that consists of several short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade".
851:
C
Solution: Allium cepa var. aggregatum is a scientific name for Multiple onions. Multiplier onion type of onion plant producing small clustered mild-flavored bulbs used as multiple having or involving more than one part or entity. The onion plant has a fan of hollow, bluish-green leaves and its bulb at the base of the plant begins to swell when a certain day-length is reached. The bulbs are composed of shortened, compressed, underground stems surrounded by fleshy modified scale (leaves) that envelop a central bud at the tip of the stem.
852:
D
Solution: Karonda among the following is a rich source of iron. It is an evergreen deciduous shrub, that is believed to be originated in the Himalayas. It grows up to a height of 2 to 4 metre, with a thick grey bark bolding branches. The nutritional profile of the Karonda plant is quite impressive, being a rich source of vitamins C, B and iron. Thus effectively flushing out free radicals and rectifying anemia.
853:
B
Solution: Maillard reaction is Non-enzymatic browning. The Maillard reaction is a chemical reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars that gives browned food its distinctive flavour. It is named after French chemist Louis Camille Maillard, who first described it in 1912 while attempting to reproduce biological protein synthesis. A reaction is a form of non-enzymatic browning which typically proceeds rapidly from around 140 to 165°C (280 to 330°F).
854:
A
Solution: Arka Sahan is a variety of Custard apple. It is usually cultivated by IIHR. It is a hybrid variety of custard. It is a progeny of Island gem (Annona atemoya Hort.) × Mammoth (A. squomosa L.). It has traditionally fewer seeds than the traditional one. September is the season for harvesting the fruit, the trees at the IIHR campus in Hesarghatta are laden with fruits, each weighing not less than 300 to 500 gms.
855:
A
Solution: The most used fining agent for wine is Bentonite clay . Bentonite clay is the most widely used fining agent against heat-instable grape proteins in white wines. As it is negatively charged and dense when it does bond with a positively charged particle they both sink to the bottom of your carboy. It is a common additive used to clarify fine wines. It's great for removing protein haze and can be used to remove aromas.
856:
B
Solution: Dr. K. L. Chadha was the first deputy director general of Horticulture, ICAR. He was appointed as the first Horticulture Commissioner, Govt. of India, New Delhi, followed by his appointment as the first Deputy Director General (Horticulture) at ICAR headquarters in New Delhi. Dr. Chadha has published over 100 scientific papers. The Horticulture Division of ICAR is vested with the responsibility of overseeing the overall accelerated development of horticulture from a national perspective for improving nutritional, ecological and livelihood security.
857:
C
Solution: The flower colour of Pusa Narangi Gainda is Orange. The flowering duration is long 40 - 45 days. Plants are 60 - 65 cm tall, vigorous and uniform with dark green foliage. Deep orange flowers with ruffled florets in 125 - 135 days after sowing. Rich in carotenoids (329 mg/1000 g petals), widely used in the poultry industry, food, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.
858:
B
Solution: A hypoglycemic ingredient (blood sugar lowering) in the bitter gourd is Charatin. Bitter melon notably contains phyto-nutrient, polypeptide-P, and plant insulin known to lower blood sugar levels. In addition, it also contains a hypoglycemic agent called charantin . Charantin increases glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in the cells of the liver, muscle and adipose tissue.
859:
D
Solution: Bitterness in cucurbits is due to the presence of Cucurbitacin . The bitter taste is caused by the presence of terpenoid compounds called cucurbitacins, named for the cucumber and squash family of plants called cucurbits. Cucumbers produce cucurbitacins as a defense against insects, fungus and herbivores.
860:
A
Solution: The seed rate of TPS recommended for planting 1-hectare land is 150 grams . TPS is true potato seed, the name given to the seeds from potato fruits, which breeders can use to develop new varieties. Seed rate is the quantity of seed of a crop that is required to sow a unit area of land for optimum crop production.
861:
D
Solution: Lemon is a fruit that is not suitable for jam making. Lemons vary in ripeness and therefore the amount of acid might not be adequate for the jam to achieve the proper set. Only a few fruits contain a sufficient amount of pectin and acid to produce good jelly or jam. Pectin is very much required for making jams.
862:
D
Solution: Puffy fruit in tomatoes is caused by a Physiological disorder . Tomato puffiness is slab-sided fruit with hollow gaps between the outer wall and locules and a reduced number of seeds. It is caused by extreme environmental conditions such as high or low temperature. Puffiness results from incomplete pollination, fertilization, or seed development often as a result of cool temperatures that negatively impact fertilization.
863:
D
Solution: The element constituent of amino acid, Sulphur is essential for the synthesis of protein. Sulphur-containing amino acids include methionine, cysteine, homocysteine, and taurine. Methionine and cysteine are classified as proteinogenic, canonic amino acids incorporated in protein structure. Sulphur amino acids contribute substantially to the maintenance and integrity of the cellular systems by influencing the cellular redox state and the capacity to detoxify toxic compounds, free radicals and reactive oxygen species.
864:
C
Solution: International Registration Authority for Roses is located in the USA . An International Cultivation Registration Authority (ICRA) is an organization responsible for ensuring that the names of plant cultivars and cultivar groups are defined and not duplicated. The ICRA system depends upon the cooperation of all involved with the creation and marketing of new plants.
865:
C
Solution: The effectiveness of wind break is up to 4 times its height. Important factors related to the efficiency of windbreaks are height, length, vegetation density, number of rows, continuity, orientation and species composition. On the windward side of a windbreak, wind speed reductions are measurable upwind for a distance of 2 to 4 times the height of the windbreak.
866:
D
Solution: Recommended level of Sodium benzoate for the preservation of fruit juices is 0.06 - 0.1%. Sodium benzoate is a preservative added to some sodas, packaged foods, and personal care products to prolong shelf life. It’s an odorless, crystalline powder made by combining benzoic acid and sodium hydroxide. Benzoic acid is a good preservative on its own, and combining it with sodium hydroxide helps it dissolve in products. Sodium benzoate is a very common additive used in acid foods juices (pH lower than 4.5). It is safe for humans and its limit in fruit juices is 0.13%, varying from country to country.
867:
B
Solution: Serpentine layering is followed in the propagation of Muscadine grapes . Serpentine layering is a method of layering which is used chiefly with woody vines and in which the stem to be propagated is laid on the ground and covered with earth at intervals to induce rooting of the buried sections which are later separated to form new plants. The texture of muscadines is softer and they taste sweeter than conventional supermarket grapes. These are used to make wine, juices, jellies, jams and sauces.
868:
B
Solution: Carrot roots become longer below 10°C temperature. The carrot is a root vegetable and biennial plant in the umbellifer family, Apiaceae. It grows a rosette of leaves while building up the enlarged taproot. The shape and size of carrot roots are influenced by soil type, temperature, etc. branching in carrots due to hereditary and the presence of under-composted organic matter or injury to the tap root system or check in heavy soil at a lower temperature.
869:
D
Solution: Sporophytic Self-incompatibility is reported in Beetroot, Radish and Brussels Sprout. Sporophytic self-incompatibility (SSI) is a self-pollen recognition system that enforces outcrossing in plants. It is a mechanism that prevents pollen from one flower from fertilizing other flowers of the same plant. Recognition in SSI systems is typically controlled by a complex locus (S-locus) with separate genes that determine pollen and stigma specificity.
870:
C
Solution: Fern leaf disorder in potatoes is associated with a deficiency of Zinc . Zinc deficiency symptoms of potatoes, also known as "fern leaf" or "little leaf", appear on young developing leaves as chlorosis, followed by the formation of narrow upwardly cupped leaf blades, often with tip burn. As the deficiency progress, these symptoms develop into intense interveinal necrosis but the main veins remain green, as in the symptoms of recovering iron deficiency.
871:
A
Solution: Among the following fruits in the options, avocado is the one that contains more fat than the rest. A whole avocado provides roughly 30 grams of fat, 4.2 grams of saturated fat, almost 20 grams of monounsaturated fat, and 3.6 grams of polyunsaturated fat. So, while most of the calories in an avocado come from fat, they are mostly in the form of healthier monounsaturated fat. Mango and grapes contain 0.4 g of fat in 100 gms, whereas ber contains 0.2 g in 100 gms.
872:
C
Solution: Pectin content is a predetermining factor in the manufacture of Jellies . Pectin is produced commercially as a white to light brown powder, mainly extracted from citrus fruits and is used in food as a gelling agent, particularly in jams and jellies. It is also used in dessert fillings, medicines and sweets, as a stabilizer in fruit juices and milk drinks and as a source of dietary fibre.
873:
C
Solution: The antisterility vitamin is Vitamin E . Vitamin E was first discovered by Evans and Bishop in 1922 and it was initially denoted as an “anti-sterility factor X” that was necessary for reproduction. Vitamin E (also known as tocopherol or alpha-tocopherol) is a nutrient that is important for many body processes. It helps your nerves and muscles work well, prevents blood clots, and boosts the immune system. Vitamin E is a type of antioxidant, a substance that protects cells from damage.
874:
D
Solution: Larger ice crystals are formed in the frozen produce when the freezing method followed is sharp freezing. Sharp freezing means the reduction of every portion of food placed in a sharp freezer facility to a temperature of ten degrees Fahrenheit or less in five hours or less. It produces large ice crystals that punch through cell membranes. As a result, when foods with large ice crystals thaw, there is more dripping and loss of liquid. Small crystals are unstable and over time grow to form larger crystals.
875:
B
Solution: Commercially tissue culture is adopted for the propagation of Banana . Tissue culture means cloning and micro-propagation of tissues of the selected Elite plants and daughter suckers. It is widely used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation . The process consists of five important steps: Initiation, Multiplication, Shooting & rooting Primary Hardening in greenhouses and Secondary Hardening in shade houses.
876:
D
Solution: The aroma containing the compound in cucumber is Nonadienal . It is an organic compound that is classified as a doubly unsaturated derivative of nonanal. The molecule consists of α, β-unsaturated aldehyde with an isolated alkene group. The compound has attracted attention as the essence of cucumbers, but it is also found in bread crust and freshly cut watermelon.
877:
C
Solution: The seed (tuber) rate per hectare of potato (quintal) is 10. Potato is mostly cultivated by planting tubers. The purity of the cultivars and healthy seed tubers are the primary requirements for a successful crop. The tuber seed should be disease free, well-sprouted and 30 - 40 g each in weight. It is advisable to use the entire seed tuber for planting. The seed rate of potatoes depends upon the season of planting, duration, seed size, spacing, etc.
878:
B
Solution: Black tip in mango is a physiological disorder due to Carbon monoxide. It is a serious disorder, particularly in the cultivar Dasheri. The affected fruits become unmarketable and reduce the yield to a considerable extent. The damage to the fruits gets initiated right at the marble stage with a characteristic yellowing of tissues at the distal end. The black tip is a serious disorder that occurs in orchards located close to brick kilns. Gases like carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, and ethylene constituting the fumes from the brick kiln are known to damage the growing tip of fruits and give rise to the symptoms of the black tip.
879:
A
Solution: The major aroma component in cooked cabbage is Dimethyl trisulphide . Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest organic trisulfide, with the chemical formula CH 3 SSSCH 3 . Dimethyl trisulfide was identified as a major aroma component in cooked Brassicaceous vegetables. It is proposed that the strong unpleasant aroma which is characteristic of overcooked Brassicaceous vegetables is due to the gradual loss of pleasant volatile components and resultant “unmasking” of the unpleasant sulfur components.
880:
B
Solution: Flavour in cabbage leaves is due to the glycoside Sinigrin. Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var capitata) is a small, leafy biennial producing a compact globular mass of smooth or crinkled leaves wrapped over each other known as head. The outer leaves are generally larger than the inner. Flavour in cabbage leaves is due to the glycoside sinigrin . Cabbage contains goitrogens which cause enlargement of thyroid glands. The major cabbage-producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Bihar, Assam, West Bengal, Maharashtra and Karnataka.
881:
A
Solution: Inbreeding depression is highest in Carrot . Inbreeding depression is one of the leading factors preventing the evolution of self-fertilization in plants. In populations where self-fertilization evolves, theory suggests that natural selection against partially recessive deleterious alleles will reduce inbreeding depression. Inbreeding depression is high in a self-incompatible perennial herb population like a carrot but absents in a self-compatible population showing mixed mating.
882:
D
Solution: Pollen sterility is a serious problem in Ber . Male sterility in plants implies an inability to produce or release functional pollen and is the result of the failure of the formation or development of functional stamens, microspores or gametes. Ber - Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk. Belongs to the Family: Rhamnaceae. Ber or Indian jujube is indigenous to India. The main drawback of seed propagation is that fruits are small and of poor quality.
883:
A
Solution: While applying DAP (as a basal dose), it should be never mixed with Zinc . DAP (Diammonium phosphate) is a concentrated phosphate-based fertilizer. Phosphorus is an essential nutrient along with Nitrogen and plays a vital role in the development of new plant tissues and the regulation of protein synthesis in crops. Basal, spraying fertilizer, or broadcasting fertilizer in field mix or seeds treating, zinc sulphate fertilizer cannot be mixed with any phosphate fertilizer, as it would produce zinc phosphate that is not easily dissolved in water.
884:
C
Solution: The triple disease-resistant variety of tomatoes is Arka Samrat. High-yielding F 1 hybrid developed by crossing IIHR-2835 X IIHR-2832. It is the first F 1 Hybrid with triple disease resistance to ToLCV, BW and early blight. Fruits are oblate to high round, large (90 - 110 g), deep red and firm. It is suitable for a fresh market and the yield is 80 - 85 t/ha in 140 days.
885:
B
Solution: Friendship fruit is the term given to Pineapple . Pineapple is a symbol of hospitality, prosperity, friendship and diplomacy. The Pineapple across Continents has come to mean sharing, caring and friendship, and is the symbol of hospitality. The strange-looking fruit was once popular as an architectural feature on buildings and in sculptures and its connection to travel, hospitality and luxury is probably related to Christopher Columbus.
886:
C
Solution: Amrapali is one of the following that is a regular bearing variety of mangoes . The ' Amrapali ' mango is a named mango cultivar introduced in 1971. It was developed as a hybrid variety of 'Dasheri' and 'Neelum' by Dr. Pijush Kanti Majumdar at the Indian Agriculture Research Institute in Delhi. Amrapali Mango was first planted in West Bengal in Chakdaha, Nadia district. The tree is a dwarf, regular-bearer, with clusters of small-sized fruits. Its flesh is a deep orange-red and contains approximately 2.5 - 3.0 times more β carotene content than other commercial varieties of mango.
887:
B
Solution: According to ICMR, the daily requirement of vegetables per capita per day is 300 gm . The plate, designed by the ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, recommends sourcing macronutrients and micronutrients from a minimum of 8 food groups per day with vegetables, fruits and green leafy vegetables forming essentially half the plate of the recommended foods per day. Leafy green vegetables are an important part of a healthy diet. They're packed with vitamins, minerals and fibre but low in calories. Eating a diet rich in leafy greens can offer numerous health benefits including reduced risk of obesity, heart disease, high blood pressure and mental decline.
888:
B
Solution: The destructive Insect and Pest Act (DIPA) was passed in 1914 . The Destructive Insects and Pests Act is an act to prevent the introduction into India and the transport from one State to another of any insect, fungus, or another pest, which is or may be destructive to crops. It belongs to the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
889:
B
Solution: "Parbhani Kranti" is a popular variety of Okra . Parbhani Kranti is the name of a lady's finger (Okra) variety, which is an example of mutation breeding. It is produced by sexual hybridization and is derived from the back cross of Abelmoschus manihot x A. Esculentus. This mutated variety is resistant to the yellow mosaic virus.
890:
A
Solution: The maximum calorie per 100 grams is obtained from sweet potato vegetables. It contains 86 calories in 100 gms raw sweet potatoes. A medium-sized sweet potato (boiled without the skin) contains 27 grams of carbs. Sweet potatoes have a medium to high Glycemic index (GI), varying from 44 - 96. Sweet potatoes are one of the best sources of vitamin A, beta carotene, vitamin C and potassium.
891:
D
Solution: The effect of pollen parent on the developing ovules in the mother plant is termed Metaxenia . Metaxenia is the effect of pollen on fruit shape and other fruit characteristics. Metaxenia may be able to be used to identify the best pollenizer parents to decrease the fruit development period and increase yield in mixed cultivar plantings.
892:
C
Solution: Sun red is a variety of Nectarine. Nectarine, ( Prunus persica ), is a smooth-skinned peach of the rose family (Rosaceae) that is grown throughout the warmer temperate regions of both the Northern and Southern hemispheres. Sun Red Nectarine trees are semi-freestone nectarine that ripens from mid-May to early June. Sun Red Nectarines require very low chill hours, only 200 - 300 hours of cold weather (8 - 13 days of 45 degrees F. or below). Nectarines are a source of vitamins A and C and are commonly eaten fresh or cooked in conserves, jams and pies.
893:
D
Solution: Brinjal's edible part is the Tender stage . The eggplant is a delicate, tropical perennial plant often cultivated as a tender or half-hardy annual in temperate climates. In Brinjal or eggplant (Solanum melongena), fruits are used as a vegetable. Fruit is egg-shaped, glossy and purple with white flesh and a spongy, "meaty" texture. The edible part of the brinjal is the pericarp and placenta.
894:
B
Solution: Economic part of Ambrette is Seed Coat . It is an aromatic and medicinal plant in the family Malvaceae native to Asia and Australia. The seeds have a sweet, flowery, heavy fragrance similar to that of musk. The seed oil from the seed coat is used as a substitute in perfumes for animal musk, however, this use is now mostly replaced by various synthetic musks due to its high cost.
895:
C
Solution: The minimum TSS of tomato sauce must be 30%. Total dissolved solids (TSS) are an important parameter of fruit quality. TSS states the amounts of soluble solids in liquid. TSS value affects the taste of the fruit because it can indicate the level of sweetness of the fruit. Tomato sauce has a TSS of 25 - 30%, while ketchup has a consistency of 28 - 30%. This is because ketchup contains more spices and seasonings than the sauce.
896:
B
Solution: Fruit based on respiration can be classified as Climacteric and Non-Climacteric. Climacteric fruits can ripen fully if they are harvested after their growth period. Eg.: Mango, Banana, Sapota, Guava, Papaya and Apple etc. On the other hand, non-climacteric fruits can ripe fully only if they are allowed to remain attached to the parent plant. Eg: Citrus, Grape, Jamun, Strawberry, Pineapple, etc.
897:
D
Solution: Cauliflower is one of several vegetables in the species Brassica oleracea in the genus Brassica , which is in the Brassicaceae (or mustard) family. It is an annual plant that reproduces by seed. Pusa Katki is the early variety of cauliflower. This is one of the earliest varieties released from IARI, New Delhi, which matures in October - November and has medium plants, bluish green and waxy leaves. It is suitable for sowing in the middle of May.
898:
B
Solution: The seed of the crop with the least storage potential is the Onion. Factors influencing the storage of seeds are Biotic or Abiotic factors. Onion seeds are naturally short-lived. The storage of seeds is influenced by the genetic makeup of the seed. The purpose of seed storage is to maintain the seed in good physical and physiological condition from the time they are harvested until the time they are planted. To protect seeds from insects, pests and diseases. To conserve seeds until they germinate for subsequent crop production.
899:
A
Solution: Agrifound Parvati is a variety of Garlic. This variety was developed in 1992 by selection from an exotic collection obtained from the Hong Kong market. The variety is long day type and as such is suitable for cultivation in the mid and high hills of Northern states. Bulbs are of bigger size (5 - 6.5 cm), creamy white colour with a pinkish tinge.
900:
A
Solution: In India Date is harvested at Doka Stage. It is the stage 13 - 17 weeks after pollination. The fruit is hard, yellow pink, or red and may be sweet or astringent. Date palm in India occurs on the western border, especially in the Kutchh district of Gujarat with about 18286 ha. with a production of 171522 MT of fresh fruits. It was at the initial stage in 2014. Among Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and other states Gujarat is the top producer.
901:
C
Solution: The chromosome number of tomatoes is 2n = 24. It is a diploid species with a haploid set of 12 chromosomes and a small genome. It is more than 75% of which is heterochromatin and largely devoid of genes. Most genes are found in long contiguous stretches of gene-dense euchromatin located on the distal portions of each chromosome arm.
902:
C
Solution: Yellow coloured fruits and vegetables are a rich source of Vitamin A. In addition to vitamins A and C, yellow fruits are packed with flavonoids, lycopene, potassium and beta-carotene. These nutrients are a vital part of building healthy bones, skin and teeth. They greatly improve your heart, digestive and immune systems.
903:
B
Solution: Plumeria alba is a species of flowering plant in the genus Plumeria . The common name of Plumeria alba is the Pagoda tree. The other common names are caterpillar tree, Champa, Pigeon wood, Cagoda tree, etc. P. alba is often cultivated as an ornamental plant. In addition, the flowers are edible and eaten as fritters, while the heart of the wood is part of a traditional medical preparation taken as a vermifuge or as a laxative.
904:
C
Solution: High forskolin yielding variety released from UAS, Bangalore is Aisiri . It is a new variety of coleus plants produced with forskolin content of 0.7% released from UAS. It thrives better in well-drained soils with a pH ranging from 5.5 - 7.0. It does not thrive in very fertile soils and can be economically grown under marginal soils.
905:
C
Solution: Arka Sanjeevini is an improved variety of Medicinal solanum. 'Arka Sanjeevini' and 'Arka Mahima' are the two diploid and tetraploid varieties of this crop developed at the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessarghatta, Bangalore and released for cultivation. Medicinal solanum is used as raw materials for the production of steroidal drugs, steroid-bearing solanum holds an important place due to its quick growth and low initial investment in its commercial cultivation. It yields a glycoalkaloid, solasodine, a nitrogen analogue of diosgenine. These steroidal compounds have anti-inflammatory, anabolic and anti-fertility properties, due to which they find large-scale use in health and family planning programmes all over the world.
906:
D
Solution: Preservatives are added to foods for preventing rancidity, mould growth and spoilage. There are natural and synthetic preventives, which are widely used for preventing foods from getting spoilt. Class I preservative belongs to natural sources which also exhibit preservative effects in foods. Examples of Class I preservatives are sugar, salt, vinegar, honey, spices, edible oils, etc. Class 1 preservatives are not dangerous to health. Class I preservative s are Sugar, Salt and Spices.
907:
D
Solution: C. F. T. R. I. is located in Mysore. CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore is a constituent laboratory of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi came into existence in 1950 with the great vision of its founders, and a network of inspiring as well as dedicated scientists who had a fascination to pursue in-depth research and development in the areas of food science and technology.
908:
B
Solution: Cashew nut is one among the following is a rich source of protein . It is a tropical evergreen tree that produces the cashew seed and the cashew apple accessory fruit. They're not only high in protein but also contain several important vitamins and minerals. Raw cashews are 5% water, 30% carbohydrates, 44% fat and 18% protein. Cashews are rich sources of dietary minerals, including particularly copper, manganese, phosphorus, magnesium, and of thiamin, vitamin B6 and vitamin K. Iron, potassium, zinc, and selenium are also present in significant content.
909:
B
Solution: CH-1 variety of chilli is developed at PAU . It is developed by PAU (Punjab Agricultural University), Ludhiana. Plants are medium tall with medium size light green fruits turning deep red on ripening. Fruits are highly pungent and attractive. Tolerant to fruit rot and wet rot. It gives an average yield of 96 qtl of red chilli/acre.
910:
D
Solution: The male sterile variety of peach is J. H. Hale. The best known male-sterile peach cultivar is ' J. H. Hale ', which was used in many old breeding programs, transmitting the male sterility allele to a large number of cultivars. Male sterility in peach is a monofactorial recessive trait.
911:
C
Solution: Fruits of cabbage are known as Siliqua . Siliqua is the type of fruit present in the mustard family Brassicaceae. It is a type of dry fruit that separates into two or three segments at maturity. These segments are called valves. An example of siliqua is cabbage.
912:
C
Solution: Litchi is commercially propagated by Air layering . Air-layering or 'Gootee' is a widely accepted method of propagation in India. In this method, a healthy and vigorous, upright twig of about one year old and 2.5 to 4 cm in diameter is selected. A circular strip of bark about 2 cm wide just below a bud is completely removed from the selected twig. The most commonly used commercial method of propagation of litchi is air layering. Litchis can also be propagated by seeds, grafting or cuttings. The highly heterozygotic characteristic of this species prevents the commercial propagation by seeds.
913:
B
Solution: Sulphur-containing food is stored in SR cans. SR cans are sulphur resistant cans. The sulfur-resistant lacquer is also of golden colour and the cans coated with it are called C-enamel cans or SR cans. Sulphur-containing foods are peas, beans, cauliflower, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, potatoes, swedes and turnips, meat and meat products, poultry products, fish and mushrooms.
914:
B
Solution: Pusa Mukta, an improved variety of cabbage is resistant to Black rot . This is a new variety developed by the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Katrain, by hybridization between EC 24855 x EC 10109. The light green foliage with wavy margins is a distinguishing characteristic of the variety. The heads are compact and slightly flattish round with loose wrapper leaves at the top. The average head weight is 1.5 - 2.0 kg. The average yield is 25 - 30 t/ha. It is resistant to black rot.
915:
A
Solution: The breakdown of vertical resistance due to the development of a new physiological race is the Vertifolia effect . The Vertifolia effect is a well-documented phenomenon in the fields of plant breeding and plant pathology. It is characterized by the erosion of a crop's horizontal resistance to disease during a breeding cycle due to the presence of strong vertical resistance, characterized by the presence of R genes.
916:
C
Solution: Multi-storyed cropping is practiced in Karnataka and Kerala . Plantings consisting of an overstory of trees or shrubs with an understory of specialty or agronomic crops or forage. Tree-to-tree distance is wide enough to let sufficient light through to understory crops or forage. "Forest Farming" is a form of multistory cropping. The practice of multi-storey cropping system is highly successful in plantation crops such as coconut, areca nut, cashew, and coffee for enhancing sustainable productivity and realizing higher income per unit area.
917:
A
Solution: Oxalic acid in leafy vegetables reduces the bio-availability of Calcium . Oxalic acid can reduce mineral absorption . One of the main health concerns about oxalate is that it can bind to minerals in the gut and prevent the body from absorbing them. For example, a leafy vegetable like spinach is high in calcium and oxalate, which prevents a lot of the calcium from being absorbed into the body.
918:
C
Solution: The Ultra dwarfing rootstock of apple is M-27 . M-27 is a super dwarfing apple rootstock with trees growing to no more than 6 feet in height. This variety is perfect for the home gardener who doesn't have a lot of space to spare or wants to grow many different apple varieties in a small space. M-27 Apple Rootstock is one of the best rootstocks for container-grown apples.
919:
B
Solution: The concept of the center of origin of crop plants was proposed by N. I. Vavilov. A center of origin is a geographical area where a group of organisms, either domesticated or wild, first developed their distinctive properties. They are also considered centers of diversity. Centers of origin were first identified in 1924 by Nikolai Vavilov . A Vavilov Center (of Diversity) is a region of the world first indicated by Nikolai Vavilov to be an original center for the domestication of plants.
920:
B
Solution: 1 st company to supply vegetable seeds in our country is Sutton and Sons . Sutton & Sons (India) Pvt. Ltd is an unlisted private company incorporated on 10 th January 1969. It is classified as a private limited company and is located in Kolkata, West Bengal. Its authorized share capital is INR 50.00 lac and the total paid-up capital is INR 48.00 lac. Currently, Charles Mantosh and Ujjwal Kumar Ghoshal are two directors of Sutton and sons.
921:
C
Solution: The Ministry of Agriculture has announced the year 2012 as the "Year of Horticulture". Sharad Pawar, Minister of Agriculture and Food Processing Industries, announced the formal launch of 2012 as the “Year of Horticulture” to bring horticulture development in the country to centre stage. Pawar complimented Indian farmers and all those associated with the development of horticulture in the country for achieving record production of over 240 million tonnes of horticulture produce. Shri Pawar said that increase in production has resulted in higher per capita availability of fruits and vegetables, besides a substantial increase in its exports, which has helped the country to earn foreign exchange to the tune of Rs.14,000 crore.
922:
C
Solution: Akashin is a disorder in radish caused due to the deficiency of Boron . Akashin The growth of the root is checked. This disorder generally occurs due to a deficiency of Boron. It is induced by fluctuation in day and night temperature. The reason is due to high day and night temperatures (30/20°C) as well as low soil moisture. Spray 1 - 2 ppm of boron to rectify this disorder.
923:
D
Solution: Copenhagen Market is a variety of both Leek and Cabbage . Copenhagen Market cabbage seeds are a Danish heirloom introduced by H. Hartman & Co. in 1909. This early variety forms round, solid heads 15 - 20 cm (6 - 8") in diameter, making it the largest early round-head cabbage for summer harvest.
924:
C
Solution: Amino acids limiting in legumes is Met (Methionine) . Legumes contain ample amounts of lysine, threonine, and tryptophan, but are limiting in methionine . Limiting amino acids are found in the shortest supply from incomplete proteins. Incomplete proteins are those found in plant food sources and geletin. Methionine is found in meat, fish and dairy products. It plays an important role in the many functions of the body.
925:
D
Solution: The seedless variety of lime is Chakradhar . Chakradhar is an important variety of Acid lime. It is a seedless variety of acid lime. Chakradhar was derived from Kagzi and has round fruit with thin papery rind and a 60 - 66% juice content. It has a greater yield and vitamin C (118.2 - 140.8 mg/100g) and acid content (8.3 - 9.1%) than Kagzi.
926:
A
Solution: Arka Lohit is resistant to powdery mildew in chilli. It is a pure line selection from IIHR 324 (local collection). Plants are tall, fruits straight, smooth with a pointed tip, fruit colour is dark green changing to deep red and highly pungent. Suitable both for irrigated and rainfed cultivation. Yield 25 t/ha (green) or 3 t/ha (dry). Recommended for release in 1990 at AICRP (VC) workshop at a national level.
927:
B
Solution: The main pollination mode of palak is anemophily. Anemophily or wind pollination is a form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by wind. Anemophilous pollen grains are smooth, light, and non-sticky so that they can be transported by air currents. Wind-pollinating plants have no predisposition to attract pollinating organisms.
928:
B
Solution: The headquarters of AGMARK is located in Faridabad, Haryana . AGMARK is a certification mark employed on agricultural products in India, assuring that they conform to a set of standards approved by the Directorate of Marketing and Inspection an attached Office of the Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare under the Ministry of Agricultural & Farmers Welfare an agency of the Government of India. The AGMARK Head Office at Faridabad (Haryana) is legally enforced in India by the Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act of 1937 (and amended in 1986).
929:
D
Solution: Litchi is native to South China . It is a tropical tree native to the Guangdong, Fujian, and Yunnan provinces of Southeast and Southwest China, where cultivation is documented since the 11 th century. China is the main producer of lychees, followed by India, other countries in Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, Madagascar and South Africa. The fruit is usually eaten fresh but can also be canned or dried. The flavour of the fresh pulp is aromatic and musky, and the dried pulp is acidic and very sweet.
930:
D
Solution: Purple coloured broccoli variety is Palam vichitra. Palam vichitra is purple coloured heading type broccoli with medium foliage, open green leaves having a green tinge, and heads that are firm and solid. It gets ready for harvesting in 115 - 120 days, average yield is 225 - 250 q/ha.
931:
A
Solution: The edible portion of brussels sprouts is a Small head or bud. The Brussels sprout is a member of the Gemmifera cultivar group of cabbages ( Brassica oleracea ), grown for its edible buds. The leaf vegetables are typically 1.5 - 4.0 cm in diameter and resemble miniature cabbages. The Brussels sprout has long been popular in Brussels, Belgium, from which it gained its name. Raw Brussels sprouts are 86% water, 9% carbohydrates, 3% protein and negligible fat.
932:
D
Solution: Pusa snowball-1 is the variety of cauliflower, in which seed production is not possible on North Indian plains. Cauliflower is relatively more sensitive to deficiency of boron and molybdenum, and it has a high requirement of magnesium, because of which late cauliflower varieties do not set seeds in Plains. Pusa Snow ball-1 is the late variety of cauliflower, sowed in September end-mid October. Outer leaves are upright and inner leaves cover the curd initially. Curd is compact, medium-sized and snow white. Curd is ready for harvest about 100 days after transplanting. Curd yield is 90 quintals/acre.
933:
A
Solution: The principle of preservation by pickling is based on Lactic acid fermentation . Pickling is the process of preserving edible products in an acid solution, usually vinegar, or in salt solution (brine). In the latter case, the acid that does the preservative action (lactic acid mainly) is produced by fermentation. Pickles are produced through the fermentation of fruits and vegetables in brine or in their juices that contain certain salt concentrations with Lactic Acid Bacteria. The process of pickling is also known as bringing and the resulting foods as pickles.
934:
A
Solution: Cock's comb belongs to the botanical family Amaranthaceae . Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, about its type genus Amaranthus . It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species. Cockscomb boasts brightly-colored blooms with a unique comb-like shape. The velvety, large flowers keep their colours even when dried, making them a perfect addition to wreaths or dried flower arrangements.
935:
D
Solution: Seedless in Black Corianth grapes is due to Stimulative Parthenocarpy. The stimulative type of parthenocarpy occurs when pollination occurs but fertilization doesn't. It occurs by the insertion of the ovipositor of a wasp into the ovary of a flower. In the Black Corinth variety of grapes, pollination and fertilization take place but the embryo gets aborted subsequently resulting in seedlessness.
936:
A
Solution: A perigynous ovary is seen in palak . Perigynous flowers are the ones in which gynoecium stays in the centre and other parts of the flower are located on the rim of the thalamus almost at the same level. The ovary is said to be half inferior. Referring to a flower in which the sepals, petals, and stamens arise from the rim of a cuplike hypanthium surrounding the ovary.
937:
C
Solution: In cryopreservation, seeds are immersed in liquid nitrogen at -196°C temperature. Plant cryopreservation is a genetic resource conservation strategy that allows plant material, such as seeds, pollen, shoot tips or dormant buds to be stored indefinitely in liquid nitrogen. After thawing, these genetic resources can be regenerated into plants and used in the field.
938:
D
Solution: Pusa Hybrid-1, a hybrid of all the above crops from the option like Pumpkin, Bottle gourd and Tomato and were released from IARI, New Delhi, India. Pumpkin ‘Pusa Hybrid 1’ has been selected and tested in different agroclimatic conditions under the All India Coordinated Vegetable Improvement Project. It is the first hybrid of pumpkins available for commercial cultivation. Pusa Hybrid-1 tomato is a hybrid that takes 120 to 130 days from transplanting to fruit ripening, it is highly tolerant to root-knot disease. This hybrid is suitable for western India. About 100 to 150 g of seeds are sufficient for raising seedlings for a hectare.
939:
A
Solution: The most heavily pruned fruit plant is Ber. The pruning is done to regulate the flowering and fruiting of the plants. To maintain an optimum balance between vegetative and reproductive growth of the trees. To ensure penetration of sunlight and air inside the canopy of the plants. Pruning is done during the hot and dry season when the tree sheds leaves and enters into dormancy. In Tamil Nadu, the trees are pruned from January - April, in Maharashtra and Gujarat pruning must be completed by the April end and in Haryana by the May end.
940:
D
Solution: The chemical name of Vitamin-K is Phylloquinone. Chemically, the vitamin K family comprises 2-methyl-1 and 4-naphthoquinone derivatives. Vitamin K includes two natural vitamers: vitamin K 1 (phylloquinone) and vitamin K 2 (menaquinone). Vitamin K refers to structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamers found in foods and marketed as dietary supplements. The human body requires vitamin K for post-synthesis modification of certain proteins that are required for blood coagulation or for controlling the binding of calcium in bones and other tissues.
941:
C
Solution: The growth regulator used to reduce flower drops in chili is NAA. Spraying of NAA (20 ppm) at 30 days after planting to get early flowering, increased number of flowers, fruit set, and reduced flower drop and fruit drop. Spraying of NAA (50 ppm) at the beginning of flowering in chili was found to reduce flower drop as compared to control.
942:
A
Solution: TSS is total soluble solids. It is equivalent to the percentage of a reference sugar solution. The TSS is mainly composed of sugars (fructose). Minimum sugar values in melon fruits need to be 8%. Melons with a sugar content of 10 - 12% have, as defined by US grading standards, a 'very good eating quality'. They will also transport well. TSS of ripe muskmelon lies between 11 - 17%.
943:
C
Solution: Brinjal is also known as Eggplant. Brinjal is the Indian name of this vegetable, also called by the same name in Singapore, Malaysia and South Africa. It is called Eggplant in the US, Canada and Australia. Its scientific name is Solanum melongena belongs to the nightshade family i.e. Solanaceae. It is grown worldwide for its edible fruit.
944:
D
Solution: The pointed gourd is the dioecious plant among the following options. A dioecious plant has either male or female flowers, not both. For dioecious plants to reproduce, a male plant must be near a female plant so that pollinators can do their work. Trichosanthes dioica , also known as the pointed gourd is a vine plant in the family Cucurbitaceae, similar to cucumber and squash, though unlike those it is perennial. It is a dioecious (male and female plants) vine (creeper) plant with heart-shaped leaves (cordate) and is grown on a trellis. The fruits are green with white or no stripes. Size can vary from small and round to thick and long 2 to 6 inches. It thrives well under a hot to moderately warm and humid climate.
945:
A
Solution: The temperature range that is suitable for the development of red colour in tomato fruits is 18° - 25°C . The red colour of tomato fruit is due to the carotenoid known as Lycopene. And it develops at a definite temperature range. However, the formation of lycopene is inhibited when the temperature of the fruits exceeds 30 degrees Celcius. High temperature affects the fruit set and development. Also, the plants cannot withstand low temperatures, frost and high humidity.
946:
A
Solution: Potato Witches Broom is caused by MLOs. Potato witch broom is a plant disease that occurs as an abnormal brushlike cluster of dwarfed weak shoots arising at or near the same point. Witches broom are caused by a phytoplasma transmitted by several species of leafhopper and within the potato plant seed pieces. Leaves started rolling up and have yellow margins. Plants are dwarfed in the field.
947:
A
Solution: Cluster bean commonly known as guar has come to be recognized as one of the most important commercial crops of arid and semi-arid regions. It is a drought-hardy leguminous crop because of its deep tap rooting system and has a high capacity to recover from water stress. Cluster bean contains a mucilaginous substance that is Mannogalacton . The seed of cluster bean contains about 30 - 33% gum in the endosperm. The discovery of the Mannogalacton gum in the endosperm in 1948, led to this hitherto insignificant plant gaining importance as an industrial crop.
948:
D
Solution: Exclusion of moisture is the permanent method of preservation of fruits and vegetables. Drying is the method of preservation of fruits and vegetables usually practiced in homes. Drying is done to remove moisture from the fruits and vegetables that reduce the chances of rotting and ant microbial activity. Thus it enables us to keep it and used it later whenever required in off season also.
949:
A
Solution: The premature setting of the jam is due to Low TSS. This problem arises due to the presence of low total soluble solids and high pectin content. A high percentage of total soluble solids makes the jam sticky and gummy. This can be prevented by the addition of a sufficient amount of citric acid, pectin, or both.
950:
C
Solution: From the given options Carrot gives higher protein recovery per unit area. Raw carrot have 88% water, 9% carbohydrates, 0.9% protein, 2.8% dietary fiber, 1% ash and 0.2% Fat. Carrot is one of the important root vegetables rich in bioactive compounds like carotenoids and dietary fibers with appreciable levels of several other functional components having significant health-promoting properties. The consumption of carrots and their products is increasing steadily due to their recognition as an important source of natural antioxidants having anticancer activity.
951:
C
Solution: Embryo abortion by extreme temperatures or by soil supersaturation is a typical symptom of a physiological disorder in tomatoes that is known as Puffiness . Puffiness in tomatoes results from incomplete pollination, fertilization, or seed development often as a result of cool temperatures that negatively impact fertilization. High nitrogen and low potassium can also lead to puffiness.
952:
C
Solution: The bent neck is a Physiological disorder of Rose . It is a pre-mature physiological disorder of Rose. In this problem, the stem is not strong enough to carry the weight of the Flower. The area of the stem just below the flower “wilts” and will not support the head. This may be due to insufficient water absorption.
953:
D
Solution: Arka Nishant is a variety of Radish. This variety is specific for long Roots, marble white with crisp texture and mild pungency. It is resistant to pithiness, premature bolting and root branching and forking. The Yield is usually 35 - 40 t/ha.
954:
A
Solution: Allo-Octaploid mango variety is Vellai colomban . Vellai Columban cultivar of mango is tetraploid (2n = 4x = 80) which is a polyembryonic type. This is a large-fruited mango from Sri Lanka and probably the second most popular mango in that country after Karutha Colomban. It is known for being able to fruit in wet areas.
955:
D
Solution: Kinnow mandarin was developed by H. B. Frost. It is a hybrid of two citrus cultivars - 'King' ( Citrus nobilis ) × 'Willow Leaf' ( Citrus × deliciosa ). Kinnow, a King-Willowleaf mandarin hybrid, was developed at the University Of California Research Centre, Riverside by H. B. Frost in 1915 and released in 1935. Kinnow is the most widely-planted mandarin in Pakistan.
956:
D
Solution: The Taj garden of Agra (Taj Mahal) is a typical example of the Mughal Style of gardening . The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum complex in Agra, western Uttar Pradesh state, northern India. It is considered the finest example of Mughal architecture. The garden is planted with cupresses, Pomegranate and other fruit trees, formal hedges and scented jasmine, which is all planted in pictorial symmetry. The entire planting and the water service create a reflective mood, befitting a tomb of a loved one.
957:
D
Solution: The most suitable fruit for the preparation of jelly is Guava . Guavas are notable for their high content of vitamin C which, in many varieties, is 4 to 10 times greater than in citrus fruits. They also contain a considerable amount of pectin, hence, making them ideal for jam preparation.
958:
C
Solution: The optimum seed rate of cluster bean to sow a one hectare area is 15 - 20 (kg). Seed rate is the quantity of seed of a crop that is required to sow a unit area of land for optimum crop production. Cluster bean is an annual legume and the source of guar gum. It is also known as Gavar, gawar or guvar bean. Guar grows well in semiarid areas, but frequent rainfall is necessary.
959:
C
Solution: Dry wines are made with No added sugar . Dry wine is wine with less than 4 grams of residual sugar per liter. During fermentation, the natural sugar in the grape juice is converted to alcohol. The longer the fermentation, the more residual sugar is converted into alcohol and the wine becomes drier.
960:
B
Solution: M. H. (Maleic Hydrazide) is used to check the sprouting of onion under storage. It is generally applied as a foliar spray to crops in the field as herbicide and plant growth regulators. It is applied to onions in the field at a rate of 2.2 kg/ha when the bulbs are mature. Five to seven green leaves are essential for adequate absorption of the compound. The crop is harvested after 2 - 4 weeks and the tops are removed.
961:
C
Solution: NRC of Orchids is located in Sikkim . The National Research Centre for Orchids was established on 5 th October 1996 by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi to organize a program on improvement in productivity, quality and commercialization of orchids. The basic objective for setting up this centre was to provide research support to the upcoming orchid industry and conserve and use orchid genetic resources available in the country.
962:
A
Solution: Optimum seed rate for turnip is 3 - 4 (kg/ha). Seeds are sown directly in the main field. The seeds are sown thinly at 1 - 1.5 cm deep in drills 10 - 15 cm apart. Seed rate is the quantity of seed of a crop that is required to sow a unit area of land for optimum crop production.
963:
B
Solution: Samrat is a cultivar of Sweet potato . Selection is from the open-pollinated seedling progeny. Tubers are fusiform with light pink skin and white flesh. These are early maturing varieties with a tuber yield of 18 - 24 t/ha. It is moderately resistant to sweet potato weevil.
964:
C
Solution: The best rootstock for citrus in south India is Rangpur lime . It is the most utilized rootstock in Sao Paulo due to its heavy and early bearing and drought resistance. It is resistant to Tristeza but susceptible to Blight and Sudden Death. In areas of high disease incidence, Rangpur lime has been replaced or used in conjunction with a second rootstock on the same plants.
965:
A
Solution: Redness in the apple is due to Anthocyanin . Anthocyanins are coloured water-soluble pigments belonging to the phenolic group. The pigments are in glycosylated forms. Anthocyanins responsible for the colours, red, purple and blue, are in fruits and vegetables. Berries, currants, grapes, apples and some tropical fruits have high anthocyanin content. One of the most common anthocyanin pigments is cyanidin, which, in the form of cyanidin 3-O-galactoside, is the pigment primarily responsible for red colouration in apple skin.
966:
B
Solution: Localized incompatibility in grafting is overcome by the Use of Interstock . Localized incompatibility is a Graft combination in which a mutually compatible inter stock overcomes the incompatibility of the scion and rootstock. The inter stock is a segment of a tree trunk that is grafted between the rootstock and the tree. It has been used with different fruit trees to modulate the tree size, fruit production and quality and the aging of the tree. Inter stock allows the union of incompatible varieties or induces dwarfing.
967:
A
Solution: Extremely high respiratory activity (> 60 mg CO 2 kg -1 hour -1 ) is found in Asparagus vegetables. Asparagus officinalis is a perennial flowering plant species in the genus Asparagus . Its young shoots are used as a spring vegetable. Asparagus is classified as perishable due to a high respiration rate and rapid degradation of quality. As respiration indicates metabolic activity it seems logical that it determines the rate at which a product deteriorates.
968:
A
Solution: Defense Food Research Laboratory (DFRL) is situated in Mysore . The Defence Food Research Laboratory (DFRL) is an Indian defence laboratory of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) established on 28 th December in the year 1961. The present director of DFRL is Dr. A. D. Semwal. It conducts research and development of technologies and products in the area of food science and technology to cater to the varied food challenges for the Indian Armed Forces.
969:
B
Solution: The first Project Director for PDVR was Dr. G. Kalloo. PDVR is the Project Directorate of Vegetable Research, under IIVR, Varanasi. In the year 1991, Dr. G. Kalloo joined PDVR as the first Project Director. Later in the year 1992, the Headquarters of PDVR shifted from New Delhi to Varanasi. He was former DDG (Crop Science), ICAR, New Delhi and vice-chancellor, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur in 2017. He has written several books including Genetic improvement of Tomatoes and many other vegetables, because of which he is regarded as the father of tomato.
970:
D
Solution: The edible part of pomegranate is aril . An aril also called an arillus, is a specialized outgrowth from a seed that partly or completely covers the seed. The small pink seeds inside a pomegranate, called the arils, are the edible portion of the fruit. The outer hard layer of pomegranate is made up of exocarp and partially mesocarp, which also form septa in the fruit.
971:
B
Solution: Good storage requires Low temperature and high relative humidity . Fresh fruits and vegetables need low temperatures (32 to 55°F) and high relative humidities (80 to 95 percent) to lower respiration and slow metabolic and transpiration rates. Low temperatures prevent the growth of microorganisms, the activity of enzymes and purely chemical reactions. Freezing prevents the growth of most foodborne microorganisms and refrigeration temperatures slow down the growth of microorganisms.
972:
C
Solution: The glycoalkaloid providing nematode resistance in tomatoes is Tomatine . Tomatine is a glycoalkaloid, found in the stems and leaves of tomato plants, and fruits at much lower concentrations. Tomatine plays a major role in the resistance of the tomato plant against fungal, microbial, insect, and herbivore attacks. Tomatine is responsible in tomato plants for resistance against for example the Colorado beetle and snails. It is also a defense against fungi.
973:
B
Solution: The leading vegetable production state in India is Uttar Pradesh . During the fiscal year 2022, Uttar Pradesh produced the largest share of vegetables in India, accounting for 14.8 percent. West Bengal came in second this year at 14 percent. Uttar Pradesh has reclaimed its position as the top producing State in vegetables relegating West Bengal to the second position after two years. Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Odisha are the major Vegetables producing States of the country.
974:
D
Solution: Chrysanthemum is commercially propagated by Terminal cuttings . Terminal cuttings of 5 - 7 cm in length are taken from healthy stock plants in June. The cuttings are prepared by removing basal leaves and reducing the leaf area of the remaining leaves to half. The basal portion (less than half an inch) of cuttings is dipped in rooting hormone, for better rooting. Sometimes the lower portion of cuttings is treated with some copper fungicide to avoid fungal growth. These rooted cuttings are ready for planting in the field.
975:
B
Solution: Vegetative parthenocarpy is found in a banana . Vegetative parthenocarpy is a plant development process in which fruit develops from an unfertilized ovule without the need for fertilization by a pollen grain. The process is often induced by chemicals or environmental stress factors. Banana shows the property of Vegetative parthenocarpy as the produced bananas are sterile, developed without viable ovaries and do not produce seeds, which makes it must propagate vegetatively.
976:
B
Solution: The optimum range of temperature is required for tomato crops 18° - 19°C . Tomato is a warm-season crop. The best fruit colour and quality are obtained at a temperature range of 18° - 19°C. Temperatures above 32°C adversely affect the fruit set and development. The plants cannot withstand frost and high humidity. It requires low to medium rainfall. Bright sunshine at the time of fruit set helps to develop dark red coloured fruits. Temperature below 10°C adversely affects plant tissues thereby slowing down physiological activities.
977:
C
Solution: Cluster bean among the following options originated from our country. The guar or cluster bean, with the botanical name Cyamopsis tetragonoloba , is an annual legume and the source of guar gum. It is grown principally in north-western India and Pakistan with smaller crops grown in the semiarid areas of the high plains of Texas in the US, Australia and Africa. India is the main producer of cluster beans, accounting for 80% production of the world's total, while the Rajasthan, Gujarat and Kutch regions occupy the largest areas (82.1% of total) dedicated to its cultivation.
978:
C
Solution: Rajasthan is the state among the following given options that has the maximum coefficient of variation in rainfall. The coefficient of variation in rainfall is highest in Jaisalmer (217.14%) and Bikaner (148.68%) whereas the lowest variability was observed in the Jhunjhunu district (81.05%). The values of the coefficient of variation show the change from the mean values of rainfall. The actual rainfall in some places deviates from 20 - 50 percent.
979:
A
Solution: A variety of Damask rose released by NBRI is Noor Jahan .
This variety is developed by crossing Rosa with Damascena. It is a hybrid rose derived from Rosa Gallica and Rosa Moschata. The French Crusader Robert de Brie, who took part in the Siege of Damascus in 1148 during the second crusade, is sometimes credited for bringing the Damask rose from Syria to Europe. The name of the rose refers to the city of Damascus in Syria, known for its steel (Damask steel), fabrics (Damask) and roses.
This variety is developed by crossing Rosa with Damascena. It is a hybrid rose derived from Rosa Gallica and Rosa Moschata. The French Crusader Robert de Brie, who took part in the Siege of Damascus in 1148 during the second crusade, is sometimes credited for bringing the Damask rose from Syria to Europe. The name of the rose refers to the city of Damascus in Syria, known for its steel (Damask steel), fabrics (Damask) and roses.
980:
B
Solution: Truck gardening is the intensive method of vegetable cultivation. It involves the cultivation of a variety of vegetables on a relatively small piece of land and is often practiced for commercial purposes. Truck gardens are typically located close to urban areas to ensure the supply of fresh vegetables to local markets. This method allows for the efficient and intensive cultivation of vegetables to meet the demands of local consumers. It's an important aspect of horticulture, especially in providing fresh produce to urban populations. The other options are: Option A: Market gardening is another term for the same concept as truck gardening, involving intensive vegetable cultivation for local markets. Option C: Kitchen gardening is a smaller-scale cultivation method in which individuals or families grow vegetables for personal consumption near their homes. Option D: Floating gardening refers to a method of growing crops on water bodies, often used in regions with abundant water resources. So, the correct answer is Option B: Truck gardening , which specifically relates to intensive vegetable cultivation for commercial purposes.
981:
B
Solution: Spongy tissue is a serious problem of the Mango cultivar Alphonso . Spongy tissue is a physiological ripening disorder in 'Alphonso's mango. The spongy tissue develops as yellowish white corky patches with or without air pockets in the breakdown tissues. It is caused by the shift of the seed to germination mode inside the fruit where it absorbs nutrients from the surrounding fleshy part of the fruit, making it appear white and spongy.
982:
A
Solution: The Scientist, Albert Howard has been called the Father of Organic Farming. The concepts of organic agriculture were developed in the early 1900s by Sir Albert Howard, F. H. King, Rudolf Steiner and others who believed that the use of animal manure cover crops, crop rotation and biologically based pest controls resulted in a better farming system. Howard, having worked in India as an agricultural researcher, gained much inspiration from the traditional and sustainable farming practices he encountered there and advocated for their adoption.
983:
D
Solution: The flower colour in Kochia is Indistinguishable . Kochia is the scorpion grass, an ornamental plant also grown as a forage crop. When it grows, it is lush green in colour but turns red as it matures. The flowers of Kochia lack petals and have 5 winged sepals that are green in colour. The seeds when mature, are rough, flat, triangular and grayish-black.
984:
C
Solution: Hydroponics is a type of horticulture and a subset of hydroculture that involves growing plants, usually crops, without soil, by using water-based mineral nutrient solutions in aqueous solvents. William Frederick Gericke , a physiologist at the University of California at Berkeley, is regarded as the father of Hydroponics. The first crop raised in Hydroponics is Tomato grown by William Gericke in 1937. He grew tomato vines about 7.6 metres high in his backyard in a mineral nutrient solution.
985:
C
Solution: M3 is the monoecious line used for the development of muskmelon F1 hybrid-Pusa Rasraj. A monoecious line M-3 developed at IARI and crossed with Durgapura Madhu gave rise to the F1 hybrid, Pusa Rasraj. As a result of the development of a true breeding line, the muskmelon hybrid Pusa Rasraj was developed. These homozygous gynoecious lines are maintained by using GA3, 1500 ppm or silver nitrate 200 - 300 ppm or sodium thiosulphate 400 ppm to induce staminate flowers at two and four true leaf stages.
986:
B
Solution: Largest Annona fruit is borne by Annona muricata . The Annona fruit belongs to Annonaceae, a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. A. muricata, also known as soursop, Graviola and guanabana, is an evergreen plant that is mostly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The fruits of A. muricata are extensively used to prepare syrups, candies, beverages, ice creams and shakes.
987:
C
Solution: The precursor of ethylene synthesis in higher plants is Methionine . Ethylene is a plant hormone and is produced from essentially all parts of higher plants, including leaves, stems, roots, flowers, fruits, tubers and seeds. Plants synthesize ethylene using a two-step biochemical pathway starting from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM). SAM is converted to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) by the enzyme ACC synthase (ACS). ACC is then converted to ethylene by the enzyme ACC oxidase (ACO). Thus Methionine can be called a precursor of this process.
988:
B
Solution: The pink colour of the onion is due to Anthocyanin which belongs to the class of flavonoids. Red onions contain anthocyanins in their epidermal cells, with the primary component of the 25 anthocyanins produced being cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, although a complex mixture of other cyanidin and peonidin derivatives are also present.
989:
C
Solution: Stable form of papaya is Pistillate . Papaya is a polygamous plant with three basic types of flowers viz. staminate, pistillate and hermaphrodite (bisexual). Of these, only pistillate is stable, whereas flowers of hermaphrodite and male vary in sex expression under different environmental conditions. The pistillate form of papaya has a flower that lacks stamens is pistillate. The pistillate flower of papaya is a pleurogynous unisexual form derived intraspecifically from a perigynous bisexual ancestor. It is a morphological anomaly in which the ovary consists of two cycles of carpels.
990:
C
Solution: Knol-Khol is a stem vegetable. As with edible tubers, roots and leaves, some vegetables are edible stems also. Knol-Khol and asparagus are among them. Radish is the root vegetable.
Sweet potato is a swollen adventitious root.
Sweet potato is a swollen adventitious root.
991:
B
Solution: The storage temperature of cucumber is 4° - 5°C. A general rule for vegetables is that cool-season crops should be stored at cooler temperatures (32 to 35°F) and warm-season crops should be stored at warmer temperatures (45 to 55°F). As cucumber is a warm season crop so, needs to be stored at 4 - 5 degrees Celsius in the refrigerator.
992:
B
Solution: The biggest cultivated fruit in the world is the Jack fruit . The jackfruit is not your typical fruit. It's got a distinctive, musky smell and a flavour that some describe as Juicy Fruit gum. The Jack fruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), is the largest tree fruit in the world. Native to the Indo-Malaysian region, this species now grows throughout tropical regions of the world. The largest fruits may reach nearly 3 feet (0.9 m) in length and weigh up to 75 pounds (34 kg).
993:
D
Solution: Ploidy level in French Marigold is Tetraploid . Ploidy level is a term referring to the number of chromosome sets in somatic cells of the diplophase (2N) or gametophytic cells of the haplophase (1N). An organism whose somatic cells are tetraploid (four sets of chromosomes), for example, will produce gametes by meiosis that contain two sets of chromosomes. The botanical name of the French marigold is Tagetuspatula. These plants grow dwarf with a plant height of 40 cm. The chromosome Number of this species is 2n = 48.
994:
D
Solution: Long-day onion variety is Brown Spanish . Long-day sweet and storage onion varieties do well in the northern states that have between 14 - 16 hours of daylight length. Long-day sweet onion varieties generally mature a few weeks before long-day storage onion varieties and will keep from one to four months, so eat them first.
995:
D
Solution: New Zealand spinach belongs to the family Aizoaceae. Tetragonia tetragonioides , commonly called New Zealand spinach is a flowering plant in the fig-marigold family (Aizoaceae). It is often cultivated as a leafy vegetable. Its natural habitat is sandy shorelines and bluffs. It is a halophyte and grows well in the saline ground. The plant has a trailing habit and will form a thick carpet on the ground or climb through other vegetation and hang downwards.
996:
A
Solution: Durgapura Meetha, Durgapur Kesar and Pusa Bedana are the improved varieties of Watermelon . Durgapura Meetha is released by ARS, Durgapura. It is a late cultivar maturing in 125 days with well-spread vines. Fruits are round with light green, the rind is thick with good keeping quality, flesh sweet and dark red. Average weight of the fruit is 6 - 8 kg. Durgapura Kesar is released by ARS, Durgapura. It is also a late cultivar, fruit weight 4 - 5 kg, skin green with stripes and flesh yellow in colour, moderately sweet, and large seeds. Pusa Bedana is a seedless watermelon developed at IARI, by crossing Tetra 2 (tetraploid) × Pusa Rasal.
997:
A
Solution: A crop that is least tolerant to soil acidity is Okra. Okra is tolerant of a wide range of soil pH but prefers soil with a pH between 6.0 and 6.8. Soils at or below 5.8 can result in okra with poorly developed pods, as it cannot tolerate acidic soil i.e. soil pH below 6. If the soil pH is below 5.8, it should be limed to increase the pH to 6.0 or more.
998:
D
Solution: Maturity indices for harvesting apples are both T-stage and Mean heat units. For growers, besides the determination of the optimal harvest time, the long-term prediction of the entry into this stage is also important. For the prediction of harvest maturity onset, most often utilized is the knowledge of the number of days from full flowerage (DAFB) into harvest time, which is typical for every cultivar and growing region, or, the length of time from development of the T-stage on young fruitlets to the start of their harvest maturity. In the T-stage the fruit's bottom part and stalk are in the position forming a shape similar to the letter T.
999:
C
Solution: Minimum standard TSS for muskmelon (%) is 10%. The Total Soluble Solid (TSS) content of the melon is expressed as Brix. It is equivalent to the percentage of a reference sugar solution. The TSS is mainly composed of sugars (fructose). Minimum sugar values in melon fruits need to be 10%.
1000:
C
Solution: Roma cultivar of tomato is suitable for processing. The Roma tomato or Roma is a plum tomato popularly used both for canning and producing tomato paste because of its slender and firm nature. Romas are a great source of potassium and vitamin C and many other nutrients but amazingly, Romas have several beneficial forms of nutrients in the vitamin A family, including lutein, zeaxanthin and lycopene. These nutrients are important for your vision, and immunity and may lower your risk of certain cancers.
1001:
A
Solution: Pineapple variety preferred for canning Kew. Kew variety is a late-maturing pineapple variety and is the leading commercial variety in India. Fruit weighs 2 - 3 kg and is oblong, slightly tapering towards the crown. Eyes are broad and shallow making fruits more suitable for canning.
1002:
D
Solution: The super dwarfing rootstock of apple is M-27 . M-27 is a super dwarfing apple rootstock with trees growing to no more than 6 feet in height. This variety is perfect for the home gardener who doesn't have a lot of space to spare or wants to grow many different apple varieties in a small space. M-27 Apple Rootstock is one of the best rootstocks for container-grown apples.
1003:
B
Solution: Arecanut for preparation of kalipak is harvested at 5 - 6 months. Kali is the extract obtained during the boiling of tender nuts. Usually, the same water is used for boiling 3 to 4 times. After boiling the areca nut is given a coating with Kali to improve colouring. Kali coating is repeated to get a glossy appearance. Kali contains many polyphenols. Kalipak is consumed mainly in South India.
1004:
B
Solution: Diploid apogamy is found in Onion . The development of a diploid cell in the embryo sac of flowering plants into an embryo without being fertilized is Apogamy. Sporophyte production from somatic cells with chromosome duplication is designated “diploid apogamy”.
1005:
A
Solution: 1 st commercial vegetable seed production unit in India was set up in 1942 at Quetta . Seed production of temperate vegetable varieties was started at Quetta (Pakistan), as the seed supplies were cut-off due to World war-II in 1942. Supplies of vegetable seeds were cut off from Quetta after the partition of the country.
1006:
C
Solution: The genomic composition of the gold finger banana is AAAB. The Goldfinger banana is a banana cultivar developed in Honduras. The cultivar, developed at the Honduran Foundation for Agricultural Research (FHIA) by a team of scientists led by Phillip Rowe and Franklin Rosales, has been bred to be pest-resistant and crop-yielding. The FHIA-01 Goldfinger banana is a tetraploid (AAAB) hybrid of the cultivar Musa acuminata × balbisiana (AAB).
1007:
D
Solution: Zero energy cool chamber operates on the principles of Evaporative cooling . Zero energy cool chamber is an on-farm rural-oriented storage structure that operates on the principle of evaporative cooling was developed at IARI, New Delhi, using locally available raw materials such as bricks, sand, bamboo, dry grass, jute cloth, etc. The evaporation of water can create a cooling effect. The chamber is an above-ground double-walled structure made up of bricks. The cavity of the double wall is filled with riverbed sand.
1008:
C
Solution: The ability of a cell to generate into a whole plant is known as Totipotency . Totipotency is defined as the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all the differentiated cells in an organism, including extraembryonic tissues. Totipotent cells formed during sexual and asexual reproduction include spores and zygotes. Gottlieb Haberlandt discovered totipotency. He is known as the father of plant tissue culture. Totipotency plays an important role in tissue culture as a single can be cultured to form the complete organism.
1009:
A
Solution: Natural cytokinin is Zeatin . The most common is zeatin, which was the first natural cytokinin to be identified. It is purified from immature maize kernels and named 'zeatin'. They facilitate the growth of lateral buds when sprayed on meristems triggering cell division for the production of bushier plants. It occurs in the form of a cis- and a trans-isomer and conjugates.
1010:
D
Solution: Prunus cerasus is cooking cherry . Prunus cerasus (sour cherry, tart cherry or dwarf cherry) is a species of Prunus in the subgenus Cerasus (cherries), native to much of Europe and southwest Asia. It is closely related to the sweet cherry (Prunus avium) but has a more acidic fruit. Its sour pulp is edible. Dried sour cherries are used in cooking including soups, pork dishes, cakes, tarts and pies. Also used to make a jam/fruit spread.
1011:
N/A
Solution: The Agriculture and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) was established in 1986 under the Ministry of Commerce, Government of India. The primary objective of APEDA is to promote the export of processed agricultural products from India. APEDA plays a crucial role in supporting and promoting the export of various agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables, spices, meat, and processed foods. It also helps in implementing quality standards and providing financial assistance to exporters. Therefore, the correct answer is Option E: 1986 , as APEDA was officially formed in this year to foster the development of agricultural exports.
1012:
A
Solution: The red colour of tomato is due to pigment Lycopene . It is produced in tomatoes from the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. Lycopene is a type of organic pigment called a carotenoid. It is related to beta-carotene and gives some vegetables and fruits (e.g., tomatoes) a red colour. Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant with many health benefits, including sun protection, improved heart health and a lower risk of certain types of cancer. It may be most effective when consumed from lycopene-rich foods like tomatoes and other red or pink fruits.
1013:
A
Solution: In the hexagonal system of planting about 15 percent of trees can be planted as compared to the square method. In a square system , trees are planted on each corner of a square whatever may be the planting distance. This is the most commonly followed system and is very easy to lay out. The central place between four trees may be advantageously used to raise short-lived filler trees. In the hexagonal method of planting, the trees are planted in each corner of an equilateral triangle. This way six trees form a hexagon with the seventh tree in the centre. Therefore this system is also called 'septule' as a seventh tree is accommodated in the centre of the hexagon. Thus as compared to the square system, the hexagonal system accommodates 15% more plants. In the hexagonal system, the trees are planted in the corners of equilateral triangles. Six trees thus form a hexagon with another tree at its centre.
1014:
A
Solution: Pinching of male buds before anthesis in the female parents of cucurbitaceous vegetables was 1 st suggested by Choudhary and Singh . F1 hybrid production in Cucurbitaceae can economically be done on large scale by pinching all the male flowers before opening from the female parent and the male parent is allowed to grow side alongside the side of a female parent for natural cross-pollination in isolation. One row of the male parent can be sown after every three rows of the female parent as suggested by Chaudhary and Singh, in 1971 for producing F1 hybrid seeds.
1015:
D
Solution: Spanish day is the common name for the Yucca plant . Yucca is a genus of perennial shrubs and trees in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Agavoideae. Its 40 - 50 species are notable for their rosettes of evergreen, tough, sword-shaped leaves and large terminal panicles of white or whitish flowers. The Aztecs living in Mexico since before the Spanish arrival, in Nahuatl, call the local yucca species (Yucca gigantea) iczotl, which gave the name Spanish izote or Spanish day.
1016:
C
Solution: AICVIP was shifted from IARI, New Delhi to Varanasi in 1991. The All India Coordinated Research Project on Vegetable crops was started during the fourth five-year plan in 1970 - 71, to provide a national network for multi-location testing of vegetable technologies. In a significant development in 1991, headquarter of the directorate was shifted from IARI, New Delhi to Varanasi. Later on, the PDVR was elevated to the Indian Institute of Vegetable Research (ICAR-IIVR) in 1999.
1017:
A
Solution: Brinjal is known by different names in various regions and languages. In English, it is commonly referred to as eggplant . Additionally, it is called aubergine , particularly in British English and in some other parts of the world. Therefore, both Option A and Option B are correct, making Option C the correct choice. Hence, the correct answer is Option C: Both A and B .
1018:
B
Solution: The sex form of the potato flower is Hermaphrodite. Hermaphrodite means, they are self-pollinators, meaning that every individual potato plant possesses both male and female flowers for reproduction. Its hermaphrodite flowers are self-pollinating and vary in colour from white to purple according to the variety. Its fruit, a spherical or ovoid berry from 1 to 3 cm in diameter, with two chambers enclosing small, oval, flattened seeds that are generally green in colour, only forms in cold regions.
1019:
C
Solution: Generally, there are four methods of classification are followed for vegetables. 1. Botanical classification- This method of classification is based on botanical relationships of crops in responding cytology, morphology, taxonomy and cross ability. 2. Classification Based on Hardiness- Vegetables are grouped as hardy or tender based on tolerance to frost and tolerance to lower temperature. This gives information on the season of growing i.e. summer or winter. 3. Based on Parts Used for Consumption- From roots to fruits different parts of vegetables are consumed. On that basis, vegetables are classified. E.g: roots-carrot, radish. 4. Based on Method of Culture- In this method, all those crops having similar cultural requirements are grouped. The system has practical utility for the vegetable grower.
1020:
D
Solution: A 12-door canopied structure characteristic of the Mughal garden is Baradari . Baradari, also Bara Dari, is a building or pavilion with twelve doors designed to allow the free flow of air. The structure has three doorways on every side of the square shaped structure. Bara in Urdu/Hindi means Twelve and the word Dar means 'door'. They were also well-suited for live performances and private concerts by various musicians and poets in front of the ruling kings of the time. They were also valued for their fresh air during the hot summers of India.
1021:
C
Solution: Mandarin of Nagpur is considered the finest mandarin in the world. The mandarin orange ( Citrus reticulata ), also known as the mandarin or mandarine, is a small citrus tree fruit. Mandarins are smaller and oblate, unlike the spherical common oranges. Nagpur mandarin is the most popular fruit among all types of oranges in India due to its sweet-sour appealing taste and easy peelable quality of the rind. This land is by far the largest cultivator of oranges as compared to other cities in India. While, majority of cultivation is done in the nearby region of Vidharba, with over around 80,000 hectares of land used for the purpose. Nagpur being more of a commercial center uses only 20,965 hectares of land for orange cultivation. The total production of oranges is around 5 lakhs tons per year.
1022:
B
Solution: The correct answer is B: Blue . Let's break down why: Delphinidin is a type of anthocyanidin , which is a natural pigment found in plants. Anthocyanidins are responsible for a wide range of colors in fruits, vegetables, and flowers. Specifically, delphinidin tends to produce blue or purple hues . Think of blueberries, purple grapes, or violet flowers – they often owe their color to delphinidin. While other pigments contribute to red, orange, and pink colors, delphinidin is most closely associated with blue.
1023:
D
Solution: Food Safety and Standardization Authority (FSSAI) act was passed in the year 2006. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) is a statutory body established under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. The FSSAI has been established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, which is a consolidating statue related to food safety and regulation in India. FSSAI is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the regulation and supervision of food safety.
1024:
D
Solution: Chayote is the only cultivated member of cucurbitaceae family which is single-seeded. Chayote is an edible plant belonging to the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. The fruit is roughly pear-shaped, somewhat flattened and with coarse wrinkles, ranging from 10 to 25 cm in length. It looks like a green pear and it has a thin, green skin fused with the green to white flesh and a single, large, flattened pit with a single but edible seed. The flesh has a fairly bland taste and the texture is described as a cross between a potato and a cucumber.
1025:
B
Solution: The Chilli variety suitable for colour extraction is Arka abir. A pure line selection from Dyavanur Dubba (a local Byadagi variety grown in Kundgoltaluk, Dharwad District). Plants are tall with fruits light green in colour, wrinkled turning deep red on maturity and less pungent. Yields 2 t/ha dry chili in 160 - 180 days. Recommended for release in 1995 by Institute Varietal Release Committee. It has better colour (colour value maximum 1,65,541 c.u.) therefore, it is suitable for colour extraction.
1026:
C
Solution: The leading Indian State in the Floriculture trade in Karnataka. Fresh and Dried cut flowers dominate floriculture exports from India. Among states, in terms of production, Karnataka stands first with a total of 253.24 thousand tonnes. In terms of area, Kerala is the leader in floriculture with about 53.26 thousand hectares under floriculture cultivation.
1027:
C
Solution: 25% of Nitrogen is present in CAN. CAN is a solid nitrate-based fertilizer, usually applied on acidic soils. It is obtained by the combination of Ammonium Nitrate solution with a source of calcium (limestone). CAN has a 25 to 28% Nitrogen content. CAN is a nitrogen fertilizer that contains equal parts of fast-acting nitrate-nitrogen and longer-lasting ammonium-nitrogen. This ensures a more continuous nitrogen supply to the crop and thus better efficiency of use and also makes it suitable for unseasonal application during summer or winter.
1028:
D
Solution: The area of the kitchen garden sufficient for a family of 4 is 200 m 2 . The traditional kitchen garden is a space separate from the rest of the residential garden the ornamental plants and lawn areas. It is used for growing edible plants and often some medicinal plants. The size of a kitchen garden depends upon the availability of land and the number of persons for whom vegetables are to be provided. With succession cropping and intercropping, five cents of land would be adequate to supply vegetables for an average family of four to five persons.
1029:
C
Solution: The inflorescence of bananas is Spadix . It is also known as “banana blossom”, “banana flower” or “banana heart”, is a dark purple-red heart-shaped structure or flower bud that is located at the end of the stalk or peduncle. The spadix is a floral spike with a fleshy or succulent axis usually enclosed in a spathe. The banana plant is monoecious, it contains both female and male flowers inside the heart-shaped blossom.
1030:
B
Solution: World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization that regulates international trade, was officially commenced on 1 st January 1995 under the Marrakesh Agreement. The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization that regulates and facilitates international trade. Governments use the organization to establish, revise and enforce the rules that govern international trade. It officially commenced operations on 1 st January 1995, under the 1994 Marrakesh Agreement, thus replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) that had been established in 1948.
1031:
C
Solution: The ideal stage for harvesting carnations is the Paint brush stage. Standard carnations should be harvested when the outer petal unfolds nearly perpendicular to the stem. Spray types are harvested when two flowers are open and the bud shows colour, Semi-open stage is Ideal for short-distance marketing. Harvesting can be delayed by covering the buds with bud nets. When the buds start showing colour, bud nets can be put covering the entire flower bud, this also enhances the bud size besides regulating the flower development.
1032:
C
Solution: Tomato is a warm season crop. The best fruit colour and quality are obtained at a temperature range of 21 - 24°C. Temperatures above 32°C adversely affect the fruit set and development. The plants cannot withstand frost and high humidity. It requires low to medium rainfall. Bright sunshine at the time of fruit set helps to develop dark red coloured fruits. Temperature below 10°C adversely affects plant tissues thereby slowing down physiological activities.
1033:
C
Solution: A triple sigmoid growth curve is seen in Kiwi . The growth curve has three phases of growth: (i) Lag Phase- This is the initial phase of growth where the rate of growth is very slow. (ii) Log or Exponential Phase- The rate of growth rapidly increases during this phase. (iii) Stationary Phase- The rate of growth starts decreasing and finally stops.
1034:
B
Solution: Indian Institute of Horticulture was established in Bengaluru in 1968. The Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR) is an autonomous organization acting as a nodal agency for basic, strategic, anticipatory and applied research on various aspects of horticulture such as fruits, vegetables, ornamental, medicinal and aromatic plants and mushrooms in India. The institute has its headquarters in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, and is a subsidiary of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, under the Ministry of Agriculture, India.
1035:
B
Solution: The red colour of tomato is due to Pigment lycopene . Lycopene is the red-colored pigment abundantly found in red-colored fruits and vegetables such as tomato, papaya, pink grapefruit, pink guava and watermelon. This red-colored pigment was first discovered in the tomato by Millardet in 1876. Fresh tomatoes contain anywhere from 0.88 - 7.74 mg lycopene/100 g wet weight.
1036:
C
Solution: Calcium deficiency in tomato causes BER and fruits with BER have Ca level of > 0.2% . BER is Blossom end rot and is caused by a calcium deficiency, usually induced by any disruption of water uptake. Lack of water, even short-term, especially after heavy rainfall, will result in reduced calcium intake. High humidity, which causes a reduction in evapotranspiration and water uptake in plants, will have the same effect.
1037:
A
Solution: Seedless mango 'Sindhu' has developed by a back cross between Ratna and Alphonso. The Sindhu is a cross between mango varieties Ratna X Alphonso . It was created in 1992 by an agriculture university called Konkan Krishi Vidyapith, Dapoli in Maharashtra. It is a regular bearer, medium-sized, free from spongy tissue with a high pulp-to-stone ratio and very thin and small stone. It has a very small and thin seed and way more pulp than typical mangoes.
1038:
A
Solution: The Japanese flower arrangement that includes fruits and vegetables along with flowers is known as Morimono . The arrangement in combination with fruit and or vegetables and flowers is termed by the Japanese as MORIMONO. Japanese floral art is a style of arranging in which naturalistic landscapes are constructed in low dishlike vases. These are arranged on a wooden base, called Dai in Japan, or a tray, in a basket, or a shallow bowl.
1039:
C
Solution: Part used as a spice in Mace is aril . Mace, a spice consisting of the dried aril, or lacy covering, of the nutmeg fruit of Myristica fragrans, a tropical evergreen tree. Mace has a slightly warm taste and a fragrance similar to that of nutmeg. Mace is the lacy outer layer encircling a whole nutmeg seed. Also called the aril, this outer layer can be removed, dried, and used as a spice in its own right.
1040:
A
Solution: Fruit stored in a cold chamber exhibit a longer storage life because the rate of respiration is decreased . Fruits when stored in a cold chamber exhibit a longer storage life because their rate of respiration is decreased. When fruit respires they release out ethylene which helps in ripening. Ethylene is also known as the 'fruit-ripening hormone'. Every fruit has a different level of ethylene production.
1041:
B
Solution: The Ridge of greenhouses should be oriented in the North-south direction to avoid sun scorching. The greenhouse should be situated lengthwise from north to south rather than east to west. This position provides the structure with more light and less shade. While unobstructed sunlight is important, afternoon shade may be as important depending upon the types of plants grown and the time of year they are grown. For low-light crops and special applications such as rooting cuttings, shade is used as a necessary means of limiting total solar radiation.
1042:
C
Solution: Okra variety suitable for ratoon cropping is Arka Abhay. Ratooning is the cultivation practice of two harvests in one cropping season by producing a second crop from the original stubble, which could provide higher resource use efficiency and economic benefit compared with direct sown crops. It is an interspecific hybrid between Abelmoschus esculentus(IIHR 20-31) x A.manihot spp. Tetraphyllus followed by backcross. Plants are tall and well-branched. Fruits are lush green, tender and long. Green stem with purple shade. Fruits free from spines have a delicate aroma. Resistant to yellow vein mosaic virus(YVMV). Duration 120 - 130 days. The yield is 18 t/h.
1043:
B
Solution: The type of fruit in jackfruit is Sorosis . Sorosis is a fleshy fruit formed by the consolidation of many flowers with their receptacles, ovaries, etc, as the breadfruit, mulberry and pineapple. The jackfruit is made up of hundreds or even thousands of individual flowers that are fused. We eat the "fleshy petals" that surround the seed, which is the actual fruit. The edible portion of a young fruit has a slight crunch.
1044:
A
Solution: "Pusa-Meghali" is an improved variety of carrots. Pusa Meghali is a tropical carrot variety with light orange colour roots. Developed at IARI, New Delhi
has orange flesh, a self-coloured core and a short top. It is suitable for sowing from September end to November mid. It becomes ready for harvesting in 95 - 105 days. The average root yield per hectare is 250 - 280 q/ha.
has orange flesh, a self-coloured core and a short top. It is suitable for sowing from September end to November mid. It becomes ready for harvesting in 95 - 105 days. The average root yield per hectare is 250 - 280 q/ha.
1045:
B
Solution: The leaf curl virus of chili is transmitted by a White fly . Chilli leaf curl virus is transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) and is a serious threat to chili fields. Symptoms include the upward curling of leaves, plant stunting, and yield reductions. There are no treatments for viruses. Infected pepper plants cannot be cured
therefore, the focus should be on prevention.
therefore, the focus should be on prevention.
1046:
C
Solution: Viviparous seeds are reported in Jack fruit . Vivipary is the phenomenon that involves seeds germinating prematurely while they are still inside or attached to the parent plant or fruit. In some trees, like jackfruit, the seeds can be found already germinated while the fruit goes overripe
the moist and humid conditions provided by the fruit mimic a wet soil that encourages germination.
the moist and humid conditions provided by the fruit mimic a wet soil that encourages germination.
1047:
D
Solution: The chili hybrid Arka Harita was developed using CGMS lines. It is an F1 hybrid of the cross IHR 3905 (CGMS) × IHR 3312. High-yielding hybrid with 35 - 38 t/ha fresh yield and 5 - 5.5 t/ha dry yield
fruits are green and turn to red on maturity, smooth and highly pungent
tolerant to powdery mildew & viruses. CGMS is also known as nucleoplasmic male sterility. A-LINE Male sterile (ms/ms) S B LINE Male fertile (ms/ms) F Male sterile (ms/ms) S To maintain CGMS line by the crossing of A-line with B line. In the case of CGMS line, should have recessive genes in the nucleus otherwise it would become fertile.
fruits are green and turn to red on maturity, smooth and highly pungent
tolerant to powdery mildew & viruses. CGMS is also known as nucleoplasmic male sterility. A-LINE Male sterile (ms/ms) S B LINE Male fertile (ms/ms) F Male sterile (ms/ms) S To maintain CGMS line by the crossing of A-line with B line. In the case of CGMS line, should have recessive genes in the nucleus otherwise it would become fertile.
1048:
D
Solution: White bud-a physiological disorder in sweet corn is caused by the deficiency of Zinc mineral nutrients. Zinc deficiency is favoured by high soil pH
low organic matter soils with high soil pH
cool, wet soil. Zinc is relatively immobile in the plant. Severe zinc deficiency may result in new leaves that are nearly white, an effect termed “white bud”. Zinc (Zn) deficiency in corn causes interveinal, light striping, or a whitish band beginning at the base of the leaf and extending towards the tip. The margins of the leaf, the midrib area, and the leaf tip usually remain green. Plants are stunted because internodes are shortened.
low organic matter soils with high soil pH
cool, wet soil. Zinc is relatively immobile in the plant. Severe zinc deficiency may result in new leaves that are nearly white, an effect termed “white bud”. Zinc (Zn) deficiency in corn causes interveinal, light striping, or a whitish band beginning at the base of the leaf and extending towards the tip. The margins of the leaf, the midrib area, and the leaf tip usually remain green. Plants are stunted because internodes are shortened.
1049:
A
Solution: The edible portion of cabbage is the head. You can eat the cabbage core and stem which are highly nutritious and refreshingly crunchy. Cabbage is a biennial plant grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads. Heads average between 0.5 and 4 kg (1 and 8 lb), with fast-growing, earlier-maturing varieties producing smaller heads. Most cabbages have thick, alternating leaves, with margins that range from wavy or lobed to highly dissected
some varieties have a waxy bloom on the leaves.
some varieties have a waxy bloom on the leaves.
1050:
C
Solution: Chayote is a single-seeded cucurbit from the given options. It is an edible plant belonging to the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. The chayote fruit is mostly used cooked. When cooked, chayote is usually handled like a summer squash
it is generally lightly cooked to retain the crispy consistency. It is a good source of vitamin C. It looks like a green pear, and it has a thin, green skin fused with the green to white flesh and a single, large, flattened pit.
it is generally lightly cooked to retain the crispy consistency. It is a good source of vitamin C. It looks like a green pear, and it has a thin, green skin fused with the green to white flesh and a single, large, flattened pit.
1051:
C
Solution: The ancestor of all cultivated cole crops is Brassica oleracea var sylvestris . Broccoli, cabbage, and cauliflower are known as cole crops. Cole crops originated from the word caulis (Latin) meaning stem or stalk of a plant. Today cole crops mean the stem brassicas. The most primitive B. oleracea, designated subspecies oleracea (B. oleracea var. sylvestris L.
a low, shrubby plant with woody lower parts of stems and herbaceous upper parts) is considered to be the ancestral progenitor of all horticultural types.
a low, shrubby plant with woody lower parts of stems and herbaceous upper parts) is considered to be the ancestral progenitor of all horticultural types.
1052:
D
Solution: The mutant variety of almonds is Supernova. It is a late-flowering self-compatible mutant, obtained by the irradiation of the early-flowering self-incompatible cultivar 'Fascionello'. This cultivar has a Semi-entire shell, Late ripening, productive and self-fertile. Suitable in warm weather
fear frost but the best variety bloom later than those that are grown old.
fear frost but the best variety bloom later than those that are grown old.
1053:
D
Solution: An ideal fruit for making jelly should be rich in Pectin and acids. For proper texture, jellied fruit products require the correct combination of fruit, pectin, acid and sugar. Pectin is a substance in fruits that forms a gel if it is in the right combination with acid and sugar. All fruits contain some pectin, but some must be combined with fruits high in pectin or with commercial pectin products to obtain gels. The proper level of acid is critical to gel formation. If there is too little acid, the gel will never set
if there is too much acid, the gel will lose liquid (weep).
if there is too much acid, the gel will lose liquid (weep).
1054:
A
Solution: Pomology is the study of fruit science . It has a very long history in the United States
horticulturists working for the USDA first established a pomology division way back in 1886. Pomological research is mainly focused on the development, enhancement, cultivation and physiological studies of fruit trees. The goals of fruit tree improvement include enhancement of fruit quality, regulation of production periods, and reduction of production cost.
horticulturists working for the USDA first established a pomology division way back in 1886. Pomological research is mainly focused on the development, enhancement, cultivation and physiological studies of fruit trees. The goals of fruit tree improvement include enhancement of fruit quality, regulation of production periods, and reduction of production cost.
1055:
A
Solution: Potato is a long-day plant but it is cultivated as a short-day plant for its tuber, respectively. Tuberization in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a complex biological phenomenon that is affected by several environmental cues, genetic factors and plant nutrition. In the case of potatoes, it requires more photoperiod to induce flowering. Whereas the formation of a tuber requires very less photoperiod. Thus, it is told that potato is LDP (Long day plant) for inducing flowering
but SDP for tuber formation.
but SDP for tuber formation.
1056:
A
Solution: Pineapple is highly suited for Tropical humid regions. Pineapple is suitable for cultivation in humid tropics. The fruit grows well near the sea coast as well as in the interior
so long the temperatures are not extreme. The optimum temperature required for successful cultivation is 22° - 32°C. It is a tropical plant with edible fruit
it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae. Pineapples grow as small shrubs
the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form multiple fruits.
so long the temperatures are not extreme. The optimum temperature required for successful cultivation is 22° - 32°C. It is a tropical plant with edible fruit
it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae. Pineapples grow as small shrubs
the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form multiple fruits.
1057:
B
Solution: The attack of pea stem fly is maximum in January. Pea Stem Fly (Ophiomyai phaseoli) is a major pest of a pea. The maggots bore inside the stem leading to wilting of the plants. The damage is more severe on seedlings than on grown-up plants. The adult flies are metallic black. They are active in summer and mate 2 - 6 days after emergence. Incubation, larval and pupal periods last for 2 - 4, 9 - 12 and 18 - 19 days respectively, during November - December thus, causing maximum damage in January as they are adults by that time. The average longevity of males is 11 days
however, females can live up to 22 days.
however, females can live up to 22 days.
1058:
B
Solution: Pusa early dwarf is the cultivar of tomato . This variety is released by IARI, New Delhi. It is an early ripening cultivar of determinate type
fruits are flattish round, medium-large with yellow stem end. Fruits are ready for harvesting 75 - 80 days after transplanting. The average yield is 35 t/ha. It is suitable for table as well as processing purposes.
fruits are flattish round, medium-large with yellow stem end. Fruits are ready for harvesting 75 - 80 days after transplanting. The average yield is 35 t/ha. It is suitable for table as well as processing purposes.
1059:
A
Solution: Rupali variety of tomato is developed by IAHS . This hybrid has been developed by IAHS, Bangalore. Plants are determinate and tolerant to bacterial wilts. Fruits are orange-red, oblong, 90 g of average weight, a firm with 5.6% of TSS
gives an average yield of 79.5 t/ha.
gives an average yield of 79.5 t/ha.
1060:
B
Solution: Head Quarter of AICRP on tuber vegetables is located at Trivendrum, Kerala , since 1993. All India Co-ordinated Research Project on Tuber Crops (other than Potato) was initiated during the Fourth Five Year Plan in 1968
for networking research and extension activities in root and tuber crops. The important crops covered under the project include Cassava, Sweet potato, Colocasia, etc.
for networking research and extension activities in root and tuber crops. The important crops covered under the project include Cassava, Sweet potato, Colocasia, etc.
1061:
A
Solution: Potato is an SDP (Short day plant) plant for tuberization . Tuberization in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a complex biological phenomenon that is affected by several environmental cues, genetic factors and plant nutrition. In the case of potatoes, it requires more photoperiod to induce flowering. Whereas the formation of a tuber requires very less photoperiod. Thus, it is told that potato is LDP (Long day plant) for inducing flowering
but SDP for tuber formation.
but SDP for tuber formation.
1062:
B
Solution: CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity) was signed during the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), is a multilateral treaty. The Convention has three main goals: the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components
and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources. Its objective is to develop national strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.
and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources. Its objective is to develop national strategies for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.
1063:
D
Solution: Rock arrangement is a central feature of a Japanese garden . These are traditional gardens whose designs are accompanied by Japanese aesthetics and philosophical ideas, avoid artificial ornamentation and highlight the natural landscape. Japanese gardens are characterized by, the waterfall, of which there are ten or more different arrangements
the spring and stream to which it gives rise
the lake
hills, built up from earth excavated from the basin for the lake
islands
bridges of many varieties
and the natural guardian stones. In Japanese landscaping, rocks are classified as either tall vertical, low vertical, arching, reclining or flat.
the spring and stream to which it gives rise
the lake
hills, built up from earth excavated from the basin for the lake
islands
bridges of many varieties
and the natural guardian stones. In Japanese landscaping, rocks are classified as either tall vertical, low vertical, arching, reclining or flat.
1064:
C
Solution: Seeds lacking endosperm are seen in the Orchid . Orchid seeds usually have no endosperm
the seed coat embraces like a balloon the air-filled space between embryo and testa. The endosperm is a nourishing tissue present in the seed which nourishes the developing embryo. In orchids, seed endosperm is absent because it is used up during the time of seed development.
the seed coat embraces like a balloon the air-filled space between embryo and testa. The endosperm is a nourishing tissue present in the seed which nourishes the developing embryo. In orchids, seed endosperm is absent because it is used up during the time of seed development.
1065:
B
Solution: Food Safety and Quality Control Act were passed in the 2001 year. The purpose of this Act is to ensure the quality and safety of food, agricultural or aquatic commodities and agricultural inputs, the management of food safety risks
and the control and regulation of relatable activities. The text consists of 55 sections divided into 6 Parts as follows: Purposes, definitions and administration (I)
Licensing (II)
Quality and safety standards (III)
Inspections and orders (IV)
Enforcement (V)
General (VI).
and the control and regulation of relatable activities. The text consists of 55 sections divided into 6 Parts as follows: Purposes, definitions and administration (I)
Licensing (II)
Quality and safety standards (III)
Inspections and orders (IV)
Enforcement (V)
General (VI).
1066:
C
Solution: Bush pepper is propagated by Plagiotropic shoots . Plagiotropic shoots (i.e. long above-ground stolons) are formed in the vegetative stage (late spring to autumn). Generative shoots are orthotropic
flowering usually starts in March and can continue until May. Cuttings are raised mainly from runner shoots, though terminal shoots can also be used. However, rooted lateral branches are useful for raising bush pepper.
flowering usually starts in March and can continue until May. Cuttings are raised mainly from runner shoots, though terminal shoots can also be used. However, rooted lateral branches are useful for raising bush pepper.
1067:
A
Solution: The fruit of portulaca (a summer leafy vegetable crop) is a capsule . It is an annual succulent in the family Portulacaceae. The plant may reach 40 centimeters in height. It has smooth, reddish, mostly prostrate stems, and the leaves, which may be alternate or opposite, are clustered at stem joints and ends. The yellow flowers have five regular parts and are up to 6 millimetres wide. The fruits are many-seeded capsules. The seed set is considerable
one plant can develop up to 1,93,000 seeds.
one plant can develop up to 1,93,000 seeds.
1068:
B
Solution: Rose Supreme, Happy End and Friendship are improved varieties of Gladiolus . Rose supreme variety takes about 103 days for flowering
spike length 93 cm
15 florets per spike
floret colour light peach
cormel production 24 per plant. Happy end variety requires about 82 days for flowering
spike length 65 cm
10 florets per spike
floret colour salmon carmine rose with yellow throat, cormel production 37 per plant. Friendship variety takes about 86 days for flowering
spike length 78 cm
12 florets per spike
floret colour carmine rose with yellow throats
cormel production 15 per plant.
spike length 93 cm
15 florets per spike
floret colour light peach
cormel production 24 per plant. Happy end variety requires about 82 days for flowering
spike length 65 cm
10 florets per spike
floret colour salmon carmine rose with yellow throat, cormel production 37 per plant. Friendship variety takes about 86 days for flowering
spike length 78 cm
12 florets per spike
floret colour carmine rose with yellow throats
cormel production 15 per plant.
1069:
A
Solution: Controlled atmosphere storage of fruits and vegetables maintains higher concentration of carbon dioxide than the normal atmosphere. A controlled atmosphere is an agricultural storage method in which the concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, as well as the temperature and humidity of a storage room are regulated. Both dry commodities and fresh fruit and vegetables can be stored in controlled atmospheres.
1070:
B
Solution: The mature embryo sac consists of four cell types
the egg cell, synergids, antipodal cells and polar nuclei. The correct statement about the cells present in the embryo sac is 3 antipodal cells, 2 synergids, an egg cell and a 2n secondary nucleus. The egg cell and the two synergids at the micropolar end, the antipodals at the chalazal end and the central cell containing the two polar nuclei and a large central vacuole.
the egg cell, synergids, antipodal cells and polar nuclei. The correct statement about the cells present in the embryo sac is 3 antipodal cells, 2 synergids, an egg cell and a 2n secondary nucleus. The egg cell and the two synergids at the micropolar end, the antipodals at the chalazal end and the central cell containing the two polar nuclei and a large central vacuole.
1071:
D
Solution: The new Seed Policy was launched in on 16 th September, 1988 . The National Seed Policy 2002 was launched to provide intellectual property protection to new varieties
usher this sector into planned development
protect the interest of farmers and encourage the conservation of agrobiodiversity. The aim of providing the farmer with the best planting materials available in the world is to increase productivity and thereby increase farm income and export earnings.
usher this sector into planned development
protect the interest of farmers and encourage the conservation of agrobiodiversity. The aim of providing the farmer with the best planting materials available in the world is to increase productivity and thereby increase farm income and export earnings.
1072:
D
Solution: Pineapples belong to which family Bromeliaceae . It is a tropical plant with edible fruit
it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae. Pineapples grow as small shrubs
the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form multiple fruits. The plant is normally propagated from the offset produced at the top of the fruit, or from a side shoot, and typically matures within a year. Raw pineapple pulp is 86% water, 13% carbohydrates, 0.5% protein and contains negligible fat.
it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae. Pineapples grow as small shrubs
the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form multiple fruits. The plant is normally propagated from the offset produced at the top of the fruit, or from a side shoot, and typically matures within a year. Raw pineapple pulp is 86% water, 13% carbohydrates, 0.5% protein and contains negligible fat.
1073:
A
Solution: Early Badger is a variety of peas, while Badger Market is a variety of Cabbage. Early Badger is a dwarf, wrinkled seeded variety of Pea introduced from the USA. Pods are ready for picking in 60 - 65 days after sowing. The first blossom appears in a 10 - 11 th node
pods are yellowish green and borne singly, 7.5 cm long with 5 - 6 bold and sweet seeds. It is a good caning variety and resistant to Fusarium wilt. Badger Market is a variety of Cabbage released from Breeder USDA and the University of Wisconsin, Madison. It is the second early Copenhagen type with a small compact head. It is resistant to yellow mosaics.
pods are yellowish green and borne singly, 7.5 cm long with 5 - 6 bold and sweet seeds. It is a good caning variety and resistant to Fusarium wilt. Badger Market is a variety of Cabbage released from Breeder USDA and the University of Wisconsin, Madison. It is the second early Copenhagen type with a small compact head. It is resistant to yellow mosaics.
1074:
A
Solution: Sylvia is a variety of an edible-podded variety of Pea. It is an introduced variety from Sweden. Plants are tall
the first blossom appears at the 14 th to 16 th node after 60 days of sowing. Pods are borne singly, yellowish in colour, long (12 cm) and curved without parchment-type pericarp. Pods are sweet and have the general appearance of a medium-sized French bean pod.
the first blossom appears at the 14 th to 16 th node after 60 days of sowing. Pods are borne singly, yellowish in colour, long (12 cm) and curved without parchment-type pericarp. Pods are sweet and have the general appearance of a medium-sized French bean pod.
1075:
A
Solution: Bright green hypocotyl-a morphological marker for male sterility identification is found in Broccoli . Morphological markers are usually visual indicators of phenotypically differing characters, such as color, shape and size of the flower, seeds or leaves
type of development of plants, inflorescences or root system
pigmentation
or habit.
type of development of plants, inflorescences or root system
pigmentation
or habit.
1076:
D
Solution: Asahi Yamato, Sugar Baby and Improved shipper, all the given options have introduced a variety of watermelon. Asahi Yamato released by IARI, New Delhi is a mid-season variety, of medium-sized fruits with an average fruit weight of 6 - 8 kg. The rind colour is light green with deep pink flesh
TSS 11 to 13%. The fruits ripen in 95 days. Sugar Baby was released by IARI, New Delhi. The fruit is slightly small in size, round in shape having bluish black rind and deep pink flesh with small seeds. TSS 11 - 13%
average weight 3 - 5 kg. The fruits ripen in 85 days. Improved Shipper introduced by PAU, Ludhiana. Fruits are large with a dark green rind, average fruit weight of 8 - 9 kg/ha, and moderately sweet with TSS 8 - 9%.
TSS 11 to 13%. The fruits ripen in 95 days. Sugar Baby was released by IARI, New Delhi. The fruit is slightly small in size, round in shape having bluish black rind and deep pink flesh with small seeds. TSS 11 - 13%
average weight 3 - 5 kg. The fruits ripen in 85 days. Improved Shipper introduced by PAU, Ludhiana. Fruits are large with a dark green rind, average fruit weight of 8 - 9 kg/ha, and moderately sweet with TSS 8 - 9%.
1077:
B
Solution: Plants that need two seasons to complete their vegetative and reproductive growth are called Biennials . Biennials are plants that complete their life cycle in two growing seasons. During the first growing season, biennials produce roots, stems and leaves
during the second they produce flowers, fruits and seeds, and then die. Biennials grown for flowers, fruits or seeds need to be grown for two years. Biennials that are grown for edible leaves or roots are grown for just one year `Eg: Silverbeet, Black-eyed Susan, Sweet William, colic weed, carrot, etc.
during the second they produce flowers, fruits and seeds, and then die. Biennials grown for flowers, fruits or seeds need to be grown for two years. Biennials that are grown for edible leaves or roots are grown for just one year `Eg: Silverbeet, Black-eyed Susan, Sweet William, colic weed, carrot, etc.
1078:
D
Solution: The richest source of vitamin C is Barbados Cherry. This cherry possesses the highest content of vitamin C of any plant-derived fruits/berries, 100 g of fresh berries provide astoundingly 1677.6 mg of vitamin C
which is about 1864% of the daily recommended intake. Barbados cherry also provides some vitamin A (37.2 mcg or 4% of the DV), 0.06 mg of riboflavin (4.6% of DV), 0.4 mg of niacin (or 2.5% of DV), 0.02 mg of thiamin (1.6% of the DV) and smaller amounts of calcium and iron.
which is about 1864% of the daily recommended intake. Barbados cherry also provides some vitamin A (37.2 mcg or 4% of the DV), 0.06 mg of riboflavin (4.6% of DV), 0.4 mg of niacin (or 2.5% of DV), 0.02 mg of thiamin (1.6% of the DV) and smaller amounts of calcium and iron.
1079:
D
Solution: Ablation is a horticultural practice used for the propagation of certain palm trees. It involves the removal or cutting of the terminal bud or growing point of a palm tree. This process is typically carried out to stimulate the growth of new shoots or suckers from the trunk of the palm tree. These new shoots or suckers can then be separated and planted to grow into new palm trees. In the context of the options provided: Option A: Oil palm is not typically propagated through ablation. Oil palm is often propagated through seeds or tissue culture methods. Option B: Palmyrah is a type of palm tree, and ablation can indeed be a method used for its propagation. Option C: Coconut is another type of palm tree for which ablation can be used as a propagation method. Option D: Both B and C implies that ablation is used for both Palmyrah and Coconut palm trees. This is correct
ablation can be used for the propagation of both Palmyrah and Coconut palm trees. So, the correct answer is Option D: Both B and C . Ablation is a horticultural technique that can be employed for the propagation of both Palmyrah and Coconut palm trees.
ablation can be used for the propagation of both Palmyrah and Coconut palm trees. So, the correct answer is Option D: Both B and C . Ablation is a horticultural technique that can be employed for the propagation of both Palmyrah and Coconut palm trees.
1080:
A
Solution: Botanically pineapple fruit is sorosis . Sorosis is a fleshy fruit formed by the consolidation of many flowers with their receptacles, ovaries, etc, as the breadfruit, mulberry and pineapple. It is a tropical plant with edible fruit, it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae. Pineapples grow as small shrubs
the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form multiple fruits., it is a composite type of fruit, thus also called sorosis type.
the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form multiple fruits., it is a composite type of fruit, thus also called sorosis type.
1081:
C
Solution: Botanically Ber fruit is Drupe . The scientific name of Ber is Ziziphus mauritiana , and is a spiny, evergreen shrub or small tree up to 15 m high, with a trunk 40 cm or more in diameter
spreading crown
stipule spines, and many drooping branches. The fruit is of variable shape and size. It belongs to the category of drupe fruit which means it is a simple fleshy fruit that usually contains a single seed. As a simple fruit, a drupe is derived from a single ovary of an individual flower.
spreading crown
stipule spines, and many drooping branches. The fruit is of variable shape and size. It belongs to the category of drupe fruit which means it is a simple fleshy fruit that usually contains a single seed. As a simple fruit, a drupe is derived from a single ovary of an individual flower.
1082:
C
Solution: The hormone used to degreen citrus fruits is Ethylene . Degreening is the process of removing the green colouring (known as chlorophyll) from the skin of citrus fruit. The ethylene degreening treatment of citrus fruit does not improve consumption quality
on the contrary, it contributes to physiological disorders, senescence and loss from decay such as Diplodia stem-end rot and anthracnose.
on the contrary, it contributes to physiological disorders, senescence and loss from decay such as Diplodia stem-end rot and anthracnose.
1083:
D
Solution: Garden lanterns, garden pagodas, garden bridges, tea gardens, and flat gardens are the unique feature of the Japanese garden . These are traditional gardens whose designs are accompanied by Japanese aesthetics and philosophical ideas, avoid artificial ornamentation and highlight the natural landscape. Three of the essential elements used to create a Japanese garden are stone, which forms the structure of the landscape
water, representing life-giving force
and plants, which provide the colour and changes throughout the seasons.
water, representing life-giving force
and plants, which provide the colour and changes throughout the seasons.
1084:
D
Solution: Chow chow and Pointed gourd are both vegetables that are the recalcitrant seed. Recalcitrant seeds are seeds that do not survive drying and freezing during ex-situ conservation. By and large, these seeds cannot resist the effects of drying or temperatures less than 10°C (50°F)
thus, they cannot be stored for long periods like orthodox seeds because they can lose their viability. Some other examples are avocado, mango, mangosteen, lychee, cocoa, rubber tree, etc.
thus, they cannot be stored for long periods like orthodox seeds because they can lose their viability. Some other examples are avocado, mango, mangosteen, lychee, cocoa, rubber tree, etc.
1085:
B
Solution: Beta vulgaris (Beetroot) belongs to the family Chenopodiaceae. The Chenopodioideae are a subfamily of the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae, which is largely based on molecular phylogeny. Beta vulgaris (beet) is a species of flowering plant in the subfamily Betoideae of the family Amaranthaceae or Chenopodiaceae. Beta vulgaris is an herbaceous biennial or rarely, perennial plant up to 120 cm (rarely 200 cm) in height
cultivated forms are mostly biennial. The roots of cultivated forms are dark red, white or yellow and moderately to strongly swollen and fleshy.
cultivated forms are mostly biennial. The roots of cultivated forms are dark red, white or yellow and moderately to strongly swollen and fleshy.
1086:
A
Solution: Pusa Bindu is a variety of Brinjal. It is a progeny selection of cross GR × 91-2. Plants are spineless
fruits are small (70 - 75 g), slightly oval, glossy and dark purple. First picking 55 - 60 days after transplanting. Its average yield is 30.0 t/ha.
fruits are small (70 - 75 g), slightly oval, glossy and dark purple. First picking 55 - 60 days after transplanting. Its average yield is 30.0 t/ha.
1087:
A
Solution: The centre of Origin of Tomato is Peru and Mexico. The wild species originated in the Andes Mountains of South America, probably mainly in Peru and Ecuador, and is thought to have been domesticated in pre-Columbian Mexico
its name is derived from the Náhuatl (Aztec) word tomatl, which meant simply 'Plump fruit'. The tomato is the edible berry of the plant Solanum Lycopersicum.
its name is derived from the Náhuatl (Aztec) word tomatl, which meant simply 'Plump fruit'. The tomato is the edible berry of the plant Solanum Lycopersicum.
1088:
D
Solution: Ginger is a rhizome that grows at, or just under, the surface of the soil. The rhizome sprouts green foliage upward, to about three feet above the ground, while producing roots from its undersurface. Garlic is a bulbous herb - which means that it grows with individual pieces packed together. Each of these lobes is called a clove of garlic. Potatoes are stem tubers - enlarged stolons thicken to develop into storage organs. The tuber has all the parts of a normal stem, including nodes and internodes. Sweetpotato is the storage root of the plant
an enlarged lateral root. It is not a type of stolon. Thus it is wrongly matched.
an enlarged lateral root. It is not a type of stolon. Thus it is wrongly matched.
1089:
C
Solution: North Eastern region is the state or region that is famous for the cultivation of orchids. Arunachal Pradesh is often called the Orchid state of India. The highest number of orchid species is recorded from Arunachal Pradesh with 612 species, followed by Sikkim with 560 species and West Bengal
Darjeeling Himalayas have also high species concentration, with 479 species.
Darjeeling Himalayas have also high species concentration, with 479 species.